Alterations in BDNF (brain derived neurotrophic factor) and GDNF (glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor) serum levels in bipolar disorder: The role of lithium

Preclinical study results suggest that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) are involved in the modulation of addictive behaviour. We investigated alterations in serum levels of BDNF and GDNF in opiate-dependent patients (28 males) who received diacetylmorphine treatment within a structured opiate maintenance programme. BDNF ( T = 2.735, p = 0.009) serum levels were significantly increased in the opiate-dependent patients as compared with healthy controls (21 males), whereas GDNF serum levels ( T = 1.425, p = 0.162) did not differ significantly from GDNF serum levels of the healthy controls. BDNF serum levels were significantly associated with craving for heroin (measured by the Heroin Craving Questionnaire ( r = 0.420, p = 0.029) and by the General Craving Scale ( r = 0.457, p = 0.016), whereas GDNF serum levels were not associated with psychometric dimensions of heroin craving. In conclusion, our results show a positive association between BDNF serum levels and opiate craving in opiate-dependent patients.

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The Role of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Chronic Fetal Oxygen Deprivation

Sovremennye tehnologii v medicine ◽

10.17691/stm2020.12.1.03 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

N.A. Shchelchkova ◽

A.A. Kokaya ◽

V.F. Bezhenar’ ◽

O.V. Rozhdestvenskaya ◽

M.A. Mamedova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Glial Cell ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Oxygen Deprivation

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Role of Glial Cell Line‐Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Maintenance of Adult Mesencephalic Catecholaminergic Neurons

Movement Disorders ◽

10.1002/mds.27986 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 565-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Daniel Enterría‐Morales ◽

Ivette López‐López ◽

José López‐Barneo ◽

Xavier d'Anglemont de Tassigny

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Glial Cell ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Catecholaminergic Neurons

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The major determinant of the heparin binding of glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor is near the N-terminus and is dispensable for receptor binding

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20061747 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 404 (1) ◽

pp. 131-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Ivan Alfano ◽

Parvez Vora ◽

Rosemary S. Mummery ◽

Barbara Mulloy ◽

Christopher C. Rider

Keyword(s):

Cell Line ◽

Glial Cell ◽

Neurotrophic Factor ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Basic Amino Acid ◽

Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽

Heparin Binding ◽

Binding Sequence

GDNF (glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor), and the closely related cytokines artemin and neurturin, bind strongly to heparin. Deletion of a basic amino-acid-rich sequence of 16 residues N-terminal to the first cysteine of the transforming growth factor β domain of GDNF results in a marked reduction in heparin binding, whereas removal of a neighbouring sequence, and replacement of pairs of other basic residues with alanine had no effect. The heparin-binding sequence is quite distinct from the binding site for the high affinity GDNF polypeptide receptor, GFRα1 (GDNF family receptor α1), and heparin-bound GDNF is able to bind GFRα1 simultaneously. The heparin-binding sequence of GDNF is dispensable both for GFRα1 binding, and for activity for in vitro neurite outgrowth assay. Surprisingly, the observed inhibition of GDNF bioactivity with the wild-type protein in this assay was still found with the deletion mutant lacking the heparin-binding sequence. Heparin neither inhibits nor potentiates GDNF–GFRα1 interaction, and the extracellular domain of GFRα1 does not bind to heparin itself, precluding heparin cross-bridging of cytokine and receptor polypeptides. The role of heparin and heparan sulfate in GDNF signalling remains unclear, but the present study indicates that it does not occur in the first step of the pathway, namely GDNF–GFRα1 engagement.

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