Maternal pre- and postnatal anxiety symptoms and infant attention disengagement from emotional faces

2019 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva-Leena Kataja ◽  
Linnea Karlsson ◽  
Christine E. Parsons ◽  
Juho Pelto ◽  
Henri Pesonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Infant Attention ◽  
Postnatal Anxiety

scholarly journals Genetic variation in CD38 and breastfeeding experience interact to impact infants’ attention to social eye cues

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (39) ◽  
pp. E5434-E5442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Krol ◽  
Mikhail Monakhov ◽  
Poh San Lai ◽  
Richard P. Ebstein ◽  
Tobias Grossmann
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Social Skill ◽  
Breastfeeding Duration ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Infant Attention

Attending to emotional information conveyed by the eyes is an important social skill in humans. The current study examined this skill in early development by measuring attention to eyes while viewing emotional faces in 7-mo-old infants. In particular, we investigated individual differences in infant attention to eyes in the context of genetic variation (CD38 rs3796863 polymorphism) and experiential variation (exclusive breastfeeding duration) related to the oxytocin system. Our results revealed that, whereas infants at this age show a robust fear bias (increased attention to fearful eyes), their attention to angry and happy eyes varies as a function of exclusive breastfeeding experience and genetic variation in CD38. Specifically, extended exclusive breastfeeding duration selectively enhanced looking preference to happy eyes and decreased looking to angry eyes. Importantly, however, this interaction was impacted by CD38 variation, such that only the looking preferences of infants homozygous for the C allele of rs3796863 were affected by breastfeeding experience. This genotype has been associated with reduced release of oxytocin and higher rates of autism. In contrast, infants with the CA/AA genotype showed similar looking preferences regardless of breastfeeding exposure. Thus, differences in the sensitivity to emotional eyes may be linked to an interaction between the endogenous (CD38) and exogenous (breastfeeding) availability of oxytocin. These findings underline the importance of maternal care and the oxytocin system in contributing to the early development of responding to social eye cues.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety: Systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 210 (5) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy-Lee Dennis ◽  
Kobra Falah-Hassani ◽  
Rahman Shiri
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Postnatal Anxiety

BackgroundMaternal anxiety negatively influences child outcomes. Reliable estimates have not been established because of varying published prevalence rates.AimsTo establish summary estimates for the prevalence of maternal anxiety in the antenatal and postnatal periods.MethodWe searched multiple databases including MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO to identify studies published up to January 2016 with data on the prevalence of antenatal or postnatal anxiety. Data were extracted from published reports and any missing information was requested from investigators. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.ResultsWe reviewed 23 468 abstracts, retrieved 783 articles and included 102 studies incorporating 221 974 women from 34 countries. The prevalence for self-reported anxiety symptoms was 18.2% (95% CI 13.6–22.8) in the first trimester, 19.1% (95% CI 15.9–22.4) in the second trimester and 24.6% (95% CI 21.2–28.0) in the third trimester. The overall prevalence for a clinical diagnosis of any anxiety disorder was 15.2% (95% CI 9.0–21.4) and 4.1% (95% CI 1.9–6.2) for a generalised anxiety disorder. Postnatally, the prevalence for anxiety symptoms overall at 1–24 weeks was 15.0% (95% CI 13.7–16.4). The prevalence for any anxiety disorder over the same period was 9.9% (95% CI 6.1–13.8), and 5.7% (95% CI 2.3–9.2) for a generalised anxiety disorder. Rates were higher in low- to middle-income countries.ConclusionsResults suggest perinatal anxiety is highly prevalent and merits clinical attention. Research is warranted to develop evidence-based interventions.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Early Neural Responses to Emotional Faces at Age 3 and Later Autism and Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents with Autism

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 2450-2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Neuhaus ◽  
Emily J. H. Jones ◽  
Karen Barnes ◽  
Lindsey Sterling ◽  
Annette Estes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Adolescents With Autism ◽  
The Relationship

Maternal Depressive Symptoms During the Pre‐ and Postnatal Periods and Infant Attention to Emotional Faces

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva‐Leena Kataja ◽  
Linnea Karlsson ◽  
Jukka M. Leppänen ◽  
Juho Pelto ◽  
Tuomo Häikiö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Faces ◽  
Infant Attention

scholarly journals Exposure to maternal pre- and postnatal depression and anxiety symptoms: Risk for major depression, anxiety disorders, and conduct disorder in adolescent offspring

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4pt1) ◽  
pp. 1045-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristie Glasheen ◽  
Gale A. Richardson ◽  
Kevin H. Kim ◽  
Cynthia A. Larkby ◽  
Holly A. Swartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
Postnatal Anxiety

AbstractThis study evaluated whether exposure to maternal pre- or postnatal depression or anxiety symptoms predicted psychopathology in adolescent offspring. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify trajectories of pre- and postnatal depression and anxiety symptoms in 577 women of low socioeconomic status selected from a prenatal clinic. Logistic regression models indicated that maternal pre- and postnatal depression trajectory exposure was not associated with offspring major depression, anxiety, or conduct disorder, but exposure to the high depression trajectory was associated with lower anxiety symptoms in males. Exposure to medium and high pre- and postnatal anxiety was associated with the risk of conduct disorder among offspring. Male offspring exposed to medium and high pre- and postnatal anxiety had higher odds of conduct disorder than did males with low exposure levels. Females exposed to medium or high pre- and postnatal anxiety were less likely to meet conduct disorder criteria than were females with lower exposure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of pre- and postnatal anxiety trajectories on the risk of conduct disorder in offspring. These results suggest new directions for investigating the etiology of conduct disorder with a novel target for intervention.

scholarly journals Genetic correlations between wellbeing, depression and anxiety symptoms and behavioral responses to the emotional faces task in healthy twins

2018 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie M. Routledge ◽  
Leanne M. Williams ◽  
Anthony W.F. Harris ◽  
Peter R. Schofield ◽  
C. Richard Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Faces

Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
High Control ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

Factorial Structure of the SCAS and Its Relationship With the SDQ

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Riso ◽  
Daphne Chessa ◽  
Andrea Bobbio ◽  
Adriana Lis
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Culturally Based ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Italian Children

The factorial structure of the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS; Spence, 1997 ) was examined in a community sample of 1,397 Italian children from 8 to 10 years old. Sex and age differences as regards anxiety symptoms were also analyzed. The convergent validity of the SCAS was explored through correlations with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ; Goodman, 1997 ). The use of confirmatory factor analysis supported the six correlated factor model of the SCAS with only minor differences compared to the original work by Spence (1997 ), and it was therefore named SCAS-it. Modifications to the original SCAS were supported by methodologically, theoretically, and culturally based arguments. The internal consistency of the SCAS-it was acceptable. Females displayed significantly higher levels of anxiety symptoms than males, while age differences were nonsignificant. Positive correlations were found between the SCAS-it and selected subscales of the SDQ. The results support the SCAS model, with few exceptions that do not threaten the utility of Spence’s tool.

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