Dietary Fiber Intake and Its Association with Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference among Children and Adults: NHANES 2015-2016

Background: There is an emerging global increase of metabolic syndrome prevalence due to increasing of obesity. Obesity and metabolic syndrome beginning in childhood progressing into adulthood. Dietary saturated fat and fiber intake play a role in etiology in obesity.Objective: This study was to examine the associations between dietary saturated fat intake, fiber intake and components of metabolic syndrome among obese adolescents.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to 57 obese students aged 13-15 years old of SMP Nasima and SMP Kesatrian 2 Semarang, based on body mass index for ages. Subjects of this study were collected consecutively. Data were collected through waist circumference and blood pressure measurements, fasting biochemical serum analysis and dietary intake assessment. Rank Spearman and Pearson correlation test was used to examine the associations between of dietary saturated fat and fiber intake to components of metabolic syndrome.Results: There were 46 subjects (80,7 %) had metabolic syndrome and 11 subjects (19,3 %) had the pre-metabolic syndrome. There was no association between dietary saturated fat intake and waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose levels and blood pressure. Fiber intake was negatively associated with blood triglyceride levels (r = -0.340; p = 0.01).Conclusion: There was no association between dietary saturated fat intake and components of metabolic syndrome. There was an association between dietary fiber intake with blood triglyceride levels. Dietary fiber intake has an important role in lipid metabolism.

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Association between Nutrients and Visceral Fat in Healthy Japanese Adults: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study Brief Title: Micronutrients Associated with Visceral Fat Accumulation

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ozato ◽

Saito ◽

Yamaguchi ◽

Katashima ◽

Tokuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Body Mass ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Pantothenic Acid ◽

Monounsaturated Fat ◽

Visceral Fat Area

: High visceral fat area (VFA) is a stronger predictor of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality than body mass index or waist circumference. VFA may be decreased by proper dietary habits. Although previous epidemiologic studies demonstrated an association between nutritional components or foodstuffs and VFA, only the associations of a few nutrients, such as dietary fiber and calcium, are reported. We performed a comprehensive 2-year longitudinal study in more than 624 healthy people and analyzed 33 micronutrients to investigate nutrients that contribute to changes in visceral fat. Our analyses revealed that “macronutrients” and “micronutrients” were “mutual confounders”. Therefore, when evaluating the association between VFA and micronutrients, associations were adjusted by macronutrients. The ingestion of 7 nutrients: soluble dietary fiber, manganese, potassium, magnesium, vitamin K, folic acid, and pantothenic acid, which are abundant components in vegetable diets, was significantly inversely correlated with a change in VFA. Additionally, a change in the ingestion of one nutrient, monounsaturated fat, was significantly positively correlated with a change in VFA. These associations were independent of body mass index and waist circumference. Thus, a predominantly vegetable diet may decrease VFA. In addition, adjusting the intake of macronutrients might help to clarify the association of micronutrients with VFA.

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Body Mass Index Mediates the Association between Dietary Fiber and Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis in the Osteoarthritis Initiative and the Framingham Osteoarthritis Study

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxy231 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 148 (12) ◽

pp. 1961-1967 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zhaoli Dai ◽

S Reza Jafarzadeh ◽

Jingbo Niu ◽

David T Felson ◽

Paul F Jacques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Body Mass ◽

Framingham Study ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Fiber Intake ◽

Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Symptomatic Knee ◽

Osteoarthritis Initiative

ABSTRACT Background Dietary fiber reduces body weight and inflammation in clinical trials. It is unclear whether body mass index (BMI) and inflammation might explain the observed association between higher fiber intake and the lower risk of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (SXKOA). Objectives We quantified the extent to which BMI and inflammation influenced the relation between dietary fiber and SXKOA. Methods We used longitudinal data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) and the Framingham Offspring Osteoarthritis Study. At baseline of each study, men and women (mean age: 61 y) with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis were followed for 48 mo in the OAI. Adults (mean age: 53 y) were followed for 9.5 y in the Framingham study. Dietary fiber intake was estimated using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Measured weight and height were used to calculate BMI. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured in the Framingham study only. Incident SXKOA was defined as new onset of a combination of knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis. We applied marginal structural models to quantify the mediation through BMI in the OAI and the sequential mediation through BMI and CRP in the Framingham study. Results Incident SXKOA occurred in 861 knees among 2876 persons in the OAI and in 143 knees among 971 persons in the Framingham study. In persons whose fiber intake was ≥21 g/d compared with those with intakes <21 g/d, the OR (95% CI) was 0.70 (0.53, 0.91) for the overall association with SXKOA and was 0.93 (0.92, 0.95) for the mediation via BMI (per kg/m2) in the OAI. In the Framingham study, the overall association was 0.57 (0.30, 1.09), the mediation through BMI (via BMI and the influence of BMI on CRP) was 0.94 (0.85, 1.02), and the mediation through CRP (per milligram per liter) was 0.99 (0.84, 1.19). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the inverse association of fiber intake and the risk of incident symptomatic knee osteoarthritis is partially mediated by BMI.

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