scholarly journals Latent class growth analyses reveal overrepresentation of dysfunctional fear conditioning trajectories in patients with anxiety-related disorders compared to controls

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 102361
Author(s):  
Puck Duits ◽  
Johanna M.P. Baas ◽  
Iris M. Engelhard ◽  
Jan Richter ◽  
Hilde M. Huisman - van Dijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fear Conditioning ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses ◽  
Latent Class Growth Analyses

scholarly journals Domestic responsibilities as predictors of labour market attachment trajectories in men and women

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 536-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Peutere ◽  
Päivi Rautava ◽  
Pekka Virtanen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Register Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses ◽  
Latent Class Growth Analyses

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether high responsibility for housework or childcare is related to weak labour market attachment. Design/methodology/approach Survey data on domestic responsibilities in 1998 and 2003 were linked to register data on respondents’ employment spells for 2004-2011. Effects of the responsibilities on labour market trajectories – identified with latent class growth analyses – were analysed with multinomial logistic regression analyses. Findings Four trajectories for labour market attachment were identified among both genders. When adjusted for prior labour market attachment and other control variables, a high responsibility for housework predicted weak labour market attachment, compared to the trajectory of strong attachment, only among men. Compared to the trajectory of strengthening attachment, a high responsibility for housework was related to weak attachment among both men and women. Research limitations/implications Personal orientations may, to some extent, explain both the division on domestic responsibilities and attachment to the labour market. In the Finnish type of welfare state, domestic responsibilities have long-term effects, especially on men’s careers. More attention should be given to men’s roles in families and their possible consequences. Originality/value This is the first study analysing the division of domestic responsibilities on later labour market attachment among both genders. The strength of this study is the long follow-up time and methodology; it combines survey data at two time points and register data on employment spells over eight years, identifying patterns in employment with latent class growth analyses.

scholarly journals Latent Class Growth Analysis and Growth Mixture Modeling using R: A tutorial for two R-packages and a comparison with Mplus.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas J Wardenaar
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Mixture Modeling ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Model Configuration ◽  
R Packages ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses

Latent Class Growth Analyses (LCGA) and Growth Mixture Modeling (GMM) analyses are used to explain between-subject heterogeneity in growth on an outcome, by identifying latent classes with different growth trajectories. Dedicated software packages are available to estimate these models, with Mplus (Muthén & Muthén, 2019) being widely used . Although this and other available commercial software packages are of good quality, very flexible and rich in options, they can be costly and fit poorly into the analytical workflow of researchers that increasingly depend on the open-source R-platform. Interestingly, although plenty of R-packages to conduct mixture analyses are available, there is little documentation on how to conduct LCGA/GMM in R. Therefore, the current paper aims to provide applied researchers with a tutorial and coding examples for conducting LCGA and GMM in R. Furthermore, it will be evaluated how results obtained with R and the modeling approaches (e.g., default settings, model configuration) of the used R-packages compare to each other and to Mplus.

scholarly journals Identification of Multisystemic Therapy (MST) Subgroups with Distinct Trajectories on Ultimate Outcomes in Norway

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Keles ◽  
Knut Taraldsen ◽  
Asgeir Røyrhus Olseth
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class ◽  
Multisystemic Therapy ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Youth At Risk ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe effect of Multisystemic Therapy (MST) treatment for serious behavior problems among adolescents has been established through multiple studies. However, variations across individuals should also be examined to better understand how MST works or for whom. In this study, we explored and identified subgroups of youth with serious problems in Norway regarding their responses to MST in terms of ultimate MST outcomes (e.g., living at home, abstaining from violence) over time. We further explored whether immigrant background, in addition to gender and age of the youth at intake, predicted belonging to the subgroups. Data came from 1674 adolescents (MeanAge = 14.55, SDAge = 1.58; 60.7% boys) and their families referred to MST treatment by the municipal Child Welfare Services for serious and persistent antisocial behavior. The outcomes were assessed at five time-points from intake to 18-months after discharge for youth and families who completed the treatment. Latent class growth analyses revealed heterogeneous trajectories regarding youths’ responses to MST. Results indicated a high and sustained degree of improvement across the ultimate outcomes for the vast majority of the youths. However, there was still variation in the groups, with improvement and deterioration trajectories for various outcomes. Most of these trajectories were predicted by gender and youth’s age at intake, but not by immigrant status. Not every youth-at-risk responds similarly to MST, and more studies examining heterogeneity will help us to identify factors to be targeted to better tailor the MST interventions for youth with serious problems.

Police Productivity and Performance Over the Career Course: A Latent Class Growth Analysis of the First 10 Years of Law Enforcement

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-367
Author(s):  
Jillian S. Desmond ◽  
Bradford W. Reyns ◽  
James Frank ◽  
Charles F. Klahm IV ◽  
Billy Henson
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Performance Evaluations ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
Career Course ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses

The present research investigates the productivity and performance of a large sample of police officers, beginning in the police academy and through their first 10 years of policing. Using longitudinal data and latent class growth analyses, we examine measures of productivity and performance over this time. Findings indicate that officers’ academy performance did not influence officer trajectories, but selected demographic variables were significantly related to performance across the career course. Among these, female and non-White officers were consistently rated lower in their performance evaluations. Overall, results suggest that factors predicting productivity and performance are dynamic, and there is no single combination of characteristics that predicts who will be a “good” officer.

scholarly journals Trajectories of emotional symptoms in adolescence: impact on alcohol use

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Elizabeth Birrell ◽  
Nicola Clare Newton ◽  
Lexine Stapinski ◽  
Katrina Prior ◽  
Katrina Elizabeth Champion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Symptom Trajectories ◽  
Latent Class Growth ◽  
Growth Analyses

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how different trajectories of emotional symptoms relate to alcohol use in adolescence. Design/methodology/approach In all, 431 participants (majority female), aged approximately 13 years at baseline were followed over three years and reported on their emotional symptoms and alcohol use. Latent class growth analyses explored different trajectories of emotional symptoms and regression models were run to relate these trajectories to alcohol use (full standard drink, and binge drinking) at 36-month follow-up (age 16 years). Findings While the majority of adolescents were best characterised by low-stable emotional symptoms, those with high-stable symptoms were more likely to be have consumed a full standard drink of alcohol and binge drunk when aged 16 years. Research limitations/implications Findings highlight the importance of prevention and early intervention, particularly targeting adolescents with elevated stable emotional symptoms who were more likely to be using alcohol at 16 years of age. Originality/value The present study is one of the first longitudinal investigations into the use of alcohol by community adolescents with different emotional symptom trajectories.

scholarly journals Preschool Intervention Can Promote Sustained Growth in the Executive-Function Skills of Children Exhibiting Early Deficits

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1719-1730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler R. Sasser ◽  
Karen L. Bierman ◽  
Brenda Heinrichs ◽  
Robert L. Nix
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Head Start ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Third Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Preschool Intervention ◽  
Latent Class Growth

This study examined the effects of the Head Start Research-Based, Developmentally Informed (REDI) preschool intervention on growth in children’s executive-function (EF) skills from preschool through third grade. Across 25 Head Start centers, each of 44 classrooms was randomly assigned either to an intervention group, which received enhanced social-emotional and language-literacy components, or to a “usual-practice” control group. Four-year-old children ( N = 356; 25% African American, 17% Latino, 58% European American; 54% girls) were followed for 5 years, and EF skills were assessed annually. Latent-class growth analysis identified high, moderate, and low developmental EF trajectories. For children with low EF trajectories, the intervention improved EF scores in third grade significantly more ( d = 0.58) than in the control group. Children who received the intervention also demonstrated better academic outcomes in third grade than children who did not. Poverty often delays EF development; enriching the Head Start program with an evidence-based curriculum and teaching strategies can reduce early deficits and thereby facilitate school success.

scholarly journals Social Maladjustment and Criminal Behavior Pattern Changes in Adolescents in Conflict with the Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lais Sette Galinari ◽  
Rafaelle Carolynne Santos Costa ◽  
André Vilela Komatsu ◽  
Marina Rezende Bazon
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Social Maladjustment ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Jesness Inventory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Latent Class Growth

Abstract Personality aspects that present a risk for criminal conducts are susceptible to changes. This study aimed to identify the profile of adolescents in conflict with the law based on the Social Maladjustment (SM) construct, to describe patterns of criminal conducts, and to verify the continuity and change on these variables, in a longitudinal prospective study. A sample of 78 adolescents answered to the Jesness Inventory - revised in Brazil and to the Questionnaire of Youth Behaviors, at two collection times (W1 and W2). The profiles were identified with latent class growth analysis and the behavior patterns were compared with Student’s t test. Two classes were obtained: High SM and Normative SM. At W1, SM high scores were associated to high frequency in the perpetration of crimes and both classes had lower SM at W2. The results point to the possibility of changes in SM and in conduct over time.

scholarly journals The course of social media use problems in secondary school adolescents: A latent class growth analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maartje Boer ◽  
gonneke stevens ◽  
Catrin Finkenauer ◽  
Regina van den Eijnden
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Latent Class Growth Analysis ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Immigrant Background ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Latent Class Growth

Little is known about how addiction-like social media use (SMU) problems evolve over time. Using four waves of longitudinal data collected in 2015-2019 from 1,414 adolescents (Mage = 12.5, 46.0% girl, 21.9% immigrant background), this study aimed to identify adolescents’ trajectories of SMU problems in parallel with their trajectories of SMU intensity. Latent class growth analysis identified two subgroups with persistently high levels of SMU problems, of which one with high (24.7%) and one with average SMU intensity (14.8%), and two subgroups with persistently low levels of SMU problems, of which one with low (22.3%) and one with high SMU intensity (38.2%). Compared to the largest subgroup, the two subgroups with high levels of SMU problems showed more problematic profiles.

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