Blood pressure variability in relation to 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in high salt intake polish population

We examined the effects of a high-salt (100 mmol NaCl) and a low-salt (5 mmol NaCl) meal on the renal excretion of sodium and chloride in 12 healthy male upright subjects. We also measured the urinary excretion of urodilatin [ANP-(95-126)], and the plasma or serum concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide [ANP-(99-126)], aldosterone, and renin. The high-salt meal produced a postprandial natriuresis (urinary sodium excretion from 59.0 to a peak rate of 204.6 mumol/min in 3rd h after ingestion of meal) and chloride excretion. In parallel, the urinary excretion of urodilatin increased from 35.7 to a peak rate of 105 fmol/min. The effect of high-salt intake on urinary sodium, chloride, and urodilatin excretion was significant (analysis of variance, P < 0.01), and close significant correlations were observed between urodilatin and sodium excretion (mean R = 0.702) as well as between urodilatin and chloride excretion (mean R = 0.776). In contrast, plasma ANP, which was acutely elevated 15 min after high-salt intake, was already back to low-salt values 1 h later. It did not parallel the postprandial natriuretic profile, and no positive correlation between plasma ANP and sodium excretion was observed. These results provide further evidence that urodilatin, not ANP, is the member of this peptide family primarily involved in the regulation of the excretion of sodium and chloride.

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P1.10 PULSE PRESSURE IN RELATION TO 24-HOUR URINARY SODIUM EXCRETION IN A SAMPLE OF HIGH-SALT INTAKE POPULATION

Artery Research ◽

10.1016/j.artres.2015.10.202 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (C) ◽

pp. 5

Author(s):

Adam Bednarski* ◽

Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek ◽

Grzegorz Kielbasa ◽

Agata Franczyk ◽

Malgorzata Kloch-Badelek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulse Pressure ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

High Salt ◽

High Salt Intake

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Developing a Questionnaire for Prediction of High Salt Intake Based on Salt Usage Behavior: Analysis from Dietary Habits and Urinary Sodium Excretion in Japan

Food and Nutrition Sciences ◽

10.4236/fns.2017.81001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 08 (01) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chika Horikawa ◽

Nobuko Murayama ◽

Eri Tochikura ◽

Emi Ishida ◽

Miyo Kojima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Behavior Analysis ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

High Salt ◽

High Salt Intake ◽

Usage Behavior

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Association between Salt Intake and Albuminuria in Normotensive and Hypertensive Individuals

International Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1155/2013/523682 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Arsalan Khaledifar ◽

Mojagn Gharipour ◽

Ahmad Bahonar ◽

Nizal Sarrafzadegan ◽

Alireza Khosravi

Keyword(s):

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

High Salt ◽

Published Data ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

High Salt Intake ◽

The Mean

Background. There is a little published data regarding the association between salt intake and albuminuria as an important alarm for progression of cardiovascular and renal dysfunction. We aimed to assess this relationship to emphasize the major role of restricting salt intake to minimize albuminuria and prevent these life-threatening events.Methods. The study population comprised 820 individuals. Participants were assigned to groups as follows: normal albuminuria, slight albuminuria, and clinical albuminuria. Daily salt intake was assessed on the basis of 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, since urinary sodium excretion largely equals sodium intake.Results. In normotensive participants, the mean level of urine albumin was higher in those who had higher amounts of salt intake with a significantly upward trend (the mean urinary albumin level in low-salt-diet group, in medium-salt-intake group, and in high-salt-intake group was42.70±36.42,46.89±38.91, and53.38±48.23, resp., (P=0.017)). There was a significant positive correlation between 24-hour urinary sodium secretion and the level of urine albumin (beta = 0.130,P<0.001). The amount of salt intake was significantly associated with urine albumin concentration (beta = 3.969, SE = 1.671,P=0.018).Conclusion. High salt intake was shown to be associated with higher level of microalbuminuria even adjusted for potential underlying risk factors.

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Relationship Between Salt Intake and Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients in Beijing

American Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1093/ajh/hpaa009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 371-371

Author(s):

Hong-yi Wang ◽

Yong-jie He ◽

Wei Li ◽

Fan Yang ◽

Ning-ling Sun

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

High Salt ◽

Pressure Monitoring ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

High Salt Intake ◽

Tertiary Hospitals

Abstract Background To survey the relationship between salt intake and blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional survey was used. Essential hypertensive patients were enrolled and divided into three groups (low, medium, and high salt intake) according to their 24 h urinary sodium excretion, which was used to access the salt intake. Blood pressure was measured through office measurement and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Results A total of 2,241 patients were enrolled with a mean age of 59.5 ± 13.8 years, mean blood pressure of 141.1 ± 18.5/84.6 ± 12.7 mm Hg, and urinary sodium excretion of 163.9 (95% CI 160.3–167.4) mmol [equal to salt intake 9.59 (9.38–9.79) g/d]. There were 1,544 cases from tertiary hospitals and the other 697 cases from community hospitals. Patients from community hospitals took more salt than patients from tertiary hospitals. Patients with high salt intake were younger than patients with low and medium salt intake. There were more males in high salt intake group than in the other two groups. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring showed that patients with high salt intake had higher mean blood pressure not only in daytime, but also at night. The diastolic blood pressure in patients with medium salt intake was higher than that in patients with low salt intake. Conclusions Higher salt intake was associated with higher ambulatory blood pressure in hypertensive patients. More effort should be made to lower salt intake to improve blood pressure control rate.

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High Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with Synchronous Gastric Epithelial Neoplasms in Women

10.21203/rs.2.21606/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dong Hyun Kim ◽

Seon-Young Park ◽

Jin Ook Chung ◽

Ji Ho Seo ◽

Hyun A Cho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

Test Results ◽

Urine Sodium ◽

High Salt Intake ◽

Epithelial Neoplasms ◽

Epithelial Neoplasm

Abstract Background : Although previous studies have suggested a high salt intake as a risk factor for precancerous and cancerous lesions of stomach, the evidence is not sufficient to draw a conclusion yet. We aimed to evaluate the association between ‘estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion’ and prevalence of synchronous gastric epithelial neoplasm. Methods: Among 2017 patients with gastric epithelial neoplasms, who had test results for estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, 1310 were enrolled. Results: There were 545 (41.6%) patients with high-grade dysplasia and early gastric cancer. The mean age was 64.5 years; 853 (65.1%) were men and 244 (18.6%) were smokers. The rate of Helicobacter pylori infection was 71.0% (797/1123). The incidence of synchronous gastric epithelial neoplasm was 10.6% (139/1310). Significant interactions were seen between estimated 24-hour urine sodium’ and sex ( P -interaction =0.003), with the association largely limited to women; ‘estimated 24-hour urine sodium’ (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.51, P = 0.012) was an independent risk factor for synchronous gastric neoplasm in women. Conclusions: High ‘estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion’ was associated with synchronous gastric epithelial neoplasm in women.

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Correlation among high salt intake, blood pressure variability, and target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension

Medicine ◽

10.1097/md.0000000000019548 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 99 (14) ◽

pp. e19548

Author(s):

Wei Cai ◽

MingJian Lang ◽

XiaoBo Jiang ◽

Qian Yu ◽

Congliang Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Blood Pressure Variability ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Target Organ ◽

High Salt ◽

High Salt Intake

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Association between Urinary Sodium Excretion and Bone Health in Male and Female Adults

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000444536 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 189-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yongsoon Park ◽

Soo Jung Kwon ◽

Yong Chan Ha

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Bone Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Health ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

High Salt Intake

Background: High salt intake is a well-known risk factor for osteoporosis, but the association between bone mass and urinary sodium excretion has not been studied as yet. This study investigates the hypothesis that urinary sodium excretion is negatively associated with bone mass and the risk of osteoporosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2011. Participants (n = 16,279) were divided into age groups; men were categorized as younger than 50 years of age or 50 years or greater, women were categorized as pre- or post-menopausal. Results: Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that urinary sodium excretion was negatively associated with bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Sodium excretion was negatively associated with BMC and BMD of the lumbar spine in women with normal bone health, osteopenia and osteoporosis, but there was no association in men. Increased sodium excretion was significantly associated with risk for osteoporosis/osteopenia in premenopausal women. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that urinary sodium excretion is negatively associated with bone health, suggesting that high salt intake could be a possible risk factor for osteoporosis in Korean women, but not in men.

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Patients With Primary Aldosteronism Respond to Unilateral Adrenalectomy With Long-Term Reduction in Salt Intake

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgz051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 (3) ◽

pp. e484-e493

Author(s):

Christian Adolf ◽

Daniel A Heinrich ◽

Finn Holler ◽

Benjamin Lechner ◽

Nina Nirschl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Urinary Sodium ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Unilateral Adrenalectomy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Context High dietary salt intake is known to aggravate arterial hypertension. This effect could be of particular relevance in the setting of primary aldosteronism (PA), which is associated with cardiovascular damage independent of blood pressure levels. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of therapy on salt intake in PA patients. Patients and Methods A total of 148 consecutive PA patients (66 with unilateral and 82 with bilateral PA) from the database of the German Conn’s Registry were included. Salt intake was quantified by 24-hour urinary sodium excretion before and after initiation of PA treatment. Study design Observational longitudinal cohort study. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Results At baseline, unilateral PA patients had a significantly higher urinary sodium excretion than patients with bilateral disease (205 vs 178 mmol/d, P = 0.047). Higher urinary sodium excretion correlated with an increased cardiovascular risk profile including proteinuria, impaired lipid, and glucose metabolism and was associated with higher daily doses of antihypertensive drugs to achieve blood pressure control. In unilateral disease, urinary sodium excretion dropped spontaneously to 176 mmol/d (P = 0.012) 1 year after unilateral adrenalectomy and remained low at 3 years of follow-up (174 mmol/d). In contrast, treatment with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in bilateral PA patients was not associated with a significant change in urinary sodium excretion at follow-up (179 mmol/d vs 183 mmol/d). Conclusion PA patients consuming a high-salt diet, estimated based on urinary sodium excretion, respond to adrenalectomy with a significant reduction of salt intake, in contrast to MRA treatment.

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Knowledge and behaviors regarding salt intake according to urinary Na excretion and blood pressure

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

T Silva-Santos ◽

P Moreira ◽

P Padrão ◽

S Abreu ◽

O Pinho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Sodium Excretion ◽

Salt Intake ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Salt Content ◽

Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽

Processed Foods ◽

Salt Reduction ◽

High Salt Intake ◽

And Behaviors

Abstract Background Understanding salt-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviors can help the design of effective health interventions. Therefore, our objective was to describe knowledge and behaviors related to salt intake according to urinary sodium excretion and blood pressure in University workers. Methods We performed our study in a subsample of the participants of the iMC Salt project (n = 60 subjects, 60.5% women, mean age 48±9.5 years). Sodium excretion were measured by one 24-h urinary collection, validated by creatinine excretion and participants were grouped according to the WHO sodium recommendations (<2.0 g/day; high, ≥2.0 g/day). Subjects were classified as hypertensive if the systolic blood pressure was ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure was ≥80mmHg. Knowledge and behaviors regarding salt intake were assessed by the WHO Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Results About 74.6% of the participants reported that reducing salt in their diet was very important and 93.2% think that salt is harmful to health. However, 76.3% always add salt during cooking, 42.4% said that they always or often consume processed foods high in salt, 79.7% reported that they don't look at the salt on food labels, 50.8% don't buy low salt alternatives and 30.5% don't use spices as one substitute for salt when cooking. Hypertensive subjects had a higher mean sodium excretion (3710±1508mg/day vs 2478±871mg/day, p = 0.002) and reported a significant higher frequency of consumption of processed foods high in salt (53.1% vs 29.6%, p = 0.024). No significant differences were found with the other variables. Conclusions Most university workers were aware that high salt intake can cause health problems, but they reported low adherence to behaviors to control their salt intake. Hypertensive subjects recognized that frequently consume processed foods high in salt, so reduce salt content on those products could have important impact on their daily salt consumption. Key messages This study provides evidence on knowledge and behaviors regarding salt intake to guide salt reduction policies. Hypertensive participants reported a higher frequency of eating processed foods rich in salt.

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