Systematic review: Incidence, risk factors, survival and treatment of bone metastases from colorectal cancer

IntroductionEmerging evidence has shown that COVID-19 infection may result in right ventricular (RV) disturbance and be associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarise the incidence, risk factors and the prognostic effect of imaging RV involvement in adult patients with COVID-19.MethodsA systematical search will be performed in PubMed, EMBase, ISI Knowledge via Web of Science and preprint databases (MedRxiv and BioRxiv) (until October 2021) to identify all cohort studies in adult patients with COVID-19. The primary outcome will be the incidence of RV involvement (dysfunction and/or dilation) assessed by echocardiography, CT or MRI. Secondary outcomes will include the risk factors for RV involvement and their association with all-cause mortality during hospitalisation. Additional outcomes will include the RV global or free wall longitudinal strain (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC) and RV diameter. Univariable or multivariable meta-regression and subgroup analyses will be performed for the study design and patient characteristics (especially acute or chronic pulmonary embolism and pulmonary hypertension). Sensitivity analyses will be used to assess the robustness of our results by removing each included study at one time to obtain and evaluate the remaining overall estimates of RV involvement incidence and related risk factors, association with all-cause mortality, and other RV parameters (RV-GLS or RV-FWLS, TAPSE, S’, FAC and RV diameter). Both linear and cubic spline regression models will be used to explore the dose–response relationship between different categories (>2) of RV involvement and the risk of mortality (OR or HR).Ethics and disseminationThere was no need for ethics approval for the systematic review protocol according to the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital. This meta-analysis will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal for publication.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021231689.

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Polygenic risk prediction models for colorectal cancer: a systematic review

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-09143-2 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Michele Sassano ◽

Marco Mariani ◽

Gianluigi Quaranta ◽

Roberta Pastorino ◽

Stefania Boccia

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Risk Prediction ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Prediction Models ◽

Risk Prediction Models ◽

Discriminatory Accuracy ◽

Traditional Risk Factors

Abstract Background Risk prediction models incorporating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could lead to individualized prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the added value of incorporating SNPs into models with only traditional risk factors is still not clear. Hence, our primary aim was to summarize literature on risk prediction models including genetic variants for CRC, while our secondary aim was to evaluate the improvement of discriminatory accuracy when adding SNPs to a prediction model with only traditional risk factors. Methods We conducted a systematic review on prediction models incorporating multiple SNPs for CRC risk prediction. We tested whether a significant trend in the increase of Area Under Curve (AUC) according to the number of SNPs could be observed, and estimated the correlation between AUC improvement and number of SNPs. We estimated pooled AUC improvement for SNP-enhanced models compared with non-SNP-enhanced models using random effects meta-analysis, and conducted meta-regression to investigate the association of specific factors with AUC improvement. Results We included 33 studies, 78.79% using genetic risk scores to combine genetic data. We found no significant trend in AUC improvement according to the number of SNPs (p for trend = 0.774), and no correlation between the number of SNPs and AUC improvement (p = 0.695). Pooled AUC improvement was 0.040 (95% CI: 0.035, 0.045), and the number of cases in the study and the AUC of the starting model were inversely associated with AUC improvement obtained when adding SNPs to a prediction model. In addition, models constructed in Asian individuals achieved better AUC improvement with the incorporation of SNPs compared with those developed among individuals of European ancestry. Conclusions Though not conclusive, our results provide insights on factors influencing discriminatory accuracy of SNP-enhanced models. Genetic variants might be useful to inform stratified CRC screening in the future, but further research is needed.

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Association Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3756789 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chen Zhang ◽

Yunjiu Cheng ◽

Dongling Luo ◽

Jinghua Wang ◽

Yujun Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prospective Cohort Studies

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Abstract P339: Association Between Cardiometabolic Syndrome And Cancer: Systematic Review

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Anshul Saxena ◽

Muni Rubens ◽

Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy ◽

Sankalp Das ◽

Chintan B Bhatt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Central Adiposity ◽

Cardiometabolic Syndrome ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: Cardiometabolic syndrome consists of a cluster of metabolic dysfunctions such as impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, central adiposity, and hypertension. According to the latest estimates, globally, nearly 25% of all adults have cardiometabolic syndrome. Both cardiometabolic syndrome and cancer pathophysiology commonly involve inflammation and oxidative stress. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate existing evidences that support the association between cardiometabolic syndrome and risk of developing cancer. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus for relevant articles published from the database inception until October 2019. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for this review. Using the Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine guidelines individual studies were evaluated. A total of 59 articles were included in this study. Results: Our review showed that cardiometabolic syndrome was associated with increased risk for colorectal, hepatic, endometrial, breast, and bladder cancers. These associations showed variations for sex and geographical locations. For example, the associations were stronger for pancreatic and rectal cancers among women. The strength of these associations was also stronger for sex specific cancers such as breast and endometrial cancers. Studies on European populations showed that these associations were stronger for colorectal cancer among women. However, one study showed that presence of cardiometabolic syndrome contributed protective effects to prostate cancer among American men. In general, strongest associations were found for colorectal cancer among both men and women and hepatic cancer among men. Among cardiometabolic factors, impaired glucose tolerance and central adiposity were the greatest contributors towards increased risk for cancers. Conclusion: Given these results, there should be greater focus on primary prevention to identify and treat cardiometabolic risk factors. In addition, patients with greater cardiometabolic risk factors should be screened earlier and more frequently for cancers. A number of gender and geographical gaps identified in this review could be targeted for improvements as per the goals of 2030 sustainable development initiatives. Future studies should consider cardiometabolic syndrome and cancer together and develop effective interventions for decreasing the incidence and morbidity associated with both the conditions.

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