scholarly journals A two-stage cognitive theory of the positive symptoms of psychosis. Highlighting the role of lowered decision thresholds

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Gerit Pfuhl ◽  
Thies Lüdtke ◽  
Mahesh Menon ◽  
Ryan P. Balzan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Positive Symptoms Of Psychosis

Cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kuipers ◽  
Paul Bebbington
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Social Adversity ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Positive Symptoms Of Psychosis ◽  
Reasoning Biases

SummaryAims – It used to be thought that the problems of psychosis were qualitatively difference from those of other disorders and therefore unamenable to psychological interventions. However more recent evidence will be summarised which suggests otherwise. Methods – A cognitive model of the positive symptoms of psychosis (Garety et al, 2001; Kuipers et al.,2006) is described which builds on work on the dimensions of symptoms of psychosis, the continuum between non-clinical and clinical populations, and the contribution of emotional processes, cognitive reasoning biases and social factors. Results – Evidence from both epidemiological and empirical studies from our research group and others, support some of the pathways of symptom formation and maintenance proposed by the model. Specifically there is evidence for the role of trauma, social adversity and stress. These may trigger emotional responses and unusual experiences and together with reasoning biases lead to appraisals that can be defined as positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. Similar processes interact to maintain symptoms. Conclusions – Cognitive models of psychosis have led to the development of cognitive behavioural treatments for delusions and hallucinations, which show some evidence of efficacy. Such treatments need to be refined in the light of recent research.Declaration of Interest: none

Impulsivity and Aggression: A Meta-analysis Using the UPPS Model of Impulsivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Bresin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Negative Urgency ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Trait Impulsivity

Trait impulsivity has long been proposed to play a role in aggression, but the results across studies have been mixed. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that impulsivity is a multifaceted construct and some, but not all, facets are related to aggression. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the relation between the different facets of impulsivity (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) and aggression. The results from 93 papers with 105 unique samples (N = 36, 215) showed significant and small-to-medium correlations between each facet of impulsivity and aggression across several different forms of aggression, with more impulsivity being associated with more aggression. Moreover, negative urgency (r = .24, 95% [.18, .29]), positive urgency (r = .34, 95% [.19, .44]), and lack of premeditation (r = .23, 95% [.20, .26]) had significantly stronger associations with aggression than the other scales (rs < .18). Two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that these effects were not due to overlap among facets of impulsivity. These results help advance the field of aggression research by clarifying the role of impulsivity and may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in several disciplines.

Childhood Weight Management for School Health Nurses and School Children in Malaysia: A conceptual framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Norimah Said ◽  
Norazmir Md Nor ◽  
Siti Sabariah Buhari ◽  
Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
School Children ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Childhood Weight

In developing an effective Chidhood weight management, it needs to be based on a theory. The Social Cognitive theory (SCT) and Urie Bronfenbrenner model with integrated Kolb's model of Learning Styles and Experiential Learning is used in this study to modify and make changes to the personal factor influences such as knowledge, attitude and expectations, behavior modification and environmental influences among overweight and obese school children. The aim of this study is to provide a new model for the professional development role of the nurses in the School Health Program (SHP) and health education promotion towards obese school children to improve their quality of life. Furthermore, in this study SHP and future health education and promotion are integrated with the role of SHN to facilitate the effective management of childhood obesity. Keywords: obesity; school children; school nurses; conceptual framework;weight management eISSN 2514-7528 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v4i13.331

Role of CT in Two-Stage Liver Surgery

Radiographics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-124
Author(s):  
Diego M. Haberman ◽  
Oscar C. Andriani ◽  
Nicole L. Segaran ◽  
Mariano M. Volpacchio ◽  
Maria Lucrecia Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Surgery ◽  
Two Stage

scholarly journals Komunikasi dan Motif Penggunaan Toah Masjid Kecamatan Depok Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Alen Manggola
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
Call To Prayer

The purpose of this study was to determine the communication and motives for the use of Toah Masjid, Depok Yogyakarta District. This study uses qualitative research using description analysis methods. The theory used is a two-stage communication model and a phenomenological theory put forward by Alfred Schutz. The results of this study indicate that the application of guidelines for the use of loudspeakers in the mosque can be identified through two-stage communication that is established between the Regional Office with the instructor and from the instructor to the mosque Takmir. Two-stage communication using Interpersonal Communication and Social Communication. The important role of policy counselors as gatekeepers and opinion leaders in public policy socialization. Conclusion, the motive of using mosque loudspeakers to the outside other than the call to prayer in several mosques in the Sub-district of Depok, such as reading prayers, dhikr, prayers, prayers and announcements because they have not received policy socialization, no one has questioned their use, to attract the attention of others. Keywords: Communication, Motives, Mosque Toah

scholarly journals Influence of Top Management Supports on Informationization Performance: Based on the Mediating Role of Informationization Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Ming Zhong ◽  
Fuangfa Amponstira
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Information Strategy ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Enterprise Informatization ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Based on cognitive theory and high-level echelon theory, this paper studies the impact of executive support on the performance of enterprise informatization. Constructed the relationship model of corporate executive support, informatization strategy and informatization reform. Through a questionnaire survey of enterprises in Guangdong Province, China, a total of 420 valid questionnaires was collected, and the data were empirically analyzed using SPSS25 statistical software. The paper found that: executive support positively affects enterprise information performance. Information strategy positively affects enterprise information performance. Information strategy has an intermediary effect between executive support and information performance. This paper helps to understand the mechanism of executive support and informatization performance in-depth, enhance the support of executives to informatization management, and provide relevant suggestions for the development of enterprise informatization.

Computed tomography study of pineal calcification in schizophrenia

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Bersani ◽  
A Garavini ◽  
I Taddei ◽  
G Tanfani ◽  
M Nordio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryComputed tomography studies concerning pineal calcification (PC) in schizophrenia have been conducted mainly by one author who correlated this calcification with several aspects of the illness. On the basis of these findings the aim of the present study was to analyze size and incidence of pineal gland calcification by CT in schizophrenics and healthy controls, and to verify the relationship between pineal calcification and age, and the possible correlation with psychopathologic variables. Pineal calcification was measured on CT scans of 87 schizophrenics and 46 controls divided into seven age subgroups of five years each. No significant differences in PC incidence and mean size between patients and controls were observed as far as the entire group was considered. PC size correlated with age both in schizophrenics and controls. We found a higher incidence of PC in schizophrenics in the age subgroup of 21–25 years, and a negative correlation with positive symptoms of schizophrenia in the overall group. These findings could suggest a premature calcific process in schizophrenics and a probable association with `non-paranoid' aspects of the illness. Nevertheless the potential role of this process possibly related to some aspects of the altered neurodevelopment in schizophrenia is still unclear.

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