Black Raspberry Extract Shifted Gut Microbe Diversity and Their Metabolic Landscape in a Human Colonic Model

Obesity has been associated with structural and functional changes in the gut microbiota. The abundance in, and diversity of, certain bacteria may favor energy harvest and metabolic pathways leading to obesity. Therefore, gut microbiota has become a potential target that can be manipulated to obtain optimal health. Probiotics have been shown to influence the composition of the gut microbiota, improve gut integrity, and restore the microbial shifts characteristic of obesity. Based on physical and biochemical parameters, metabolic and inflammatory markers, and alterations in gut microbe diversity, animal studies revealed beneficial results in obese models whereas the results in humans are sparse and inconsistent. Thus, the purpose of this review is to present evidence from animal studies and human clinical trials demonstrating the effects of various probiotic strains and their potential efficacy in improving obesity and associated metabolic dysfunctions. Furthermore, the review discusses current gaps in our understanding of how probiotics modulate gut microflora to protect against obesity. Finally, we propose future studies and methodological approaches that may shed light on the challenges facing the scientific community in deciphering the host–bacteria interaction in obesity.

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Black Raspberry Nectar for the Prevention of Lung Cancer, BE WELL Study

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04267874 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Black Raspberry

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Genome-wide identification and analysis of the MADS-box gene family and its potential role in fruit ripening in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.)

Journal of Berry Research ◽

10.3233/jbr-200679 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Yaqiong Wu ◽

Chunhong Zhang ◽

Wenlong Wu ◽

Weilin Li ◽

Lianfei Lyu

Keyword(s):

Gene Family ◽

Fruit Ripening ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Type I ◽

Black Raspberry ◽

Mads Box ◽

Mads Box Genes ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Mads Box Gene

BACKGROUND: Black raspberry is a vital fruit crop with a high antioxidant function. MADS-box genes play an important role in the regulation of fruit development in angiosperms. OBJECTIVE: To understand the regulatory role of the MADS-box family, a total of 80 MADS-box genes were identified and analyzed. METHODS: The MADS-box genes in the black raspberry genome were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Through an analysis of the promoter elements, the possible functions of different members of the family were predicted. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of members of the MADS-box family during black raspberry fruit development and ripening were systematically analyzed. RESULTS: The genes were classified into type I (Mα: 33; Mβ: 6; Mγ: 10) and type II (MIKC *: 2; MIKCC: 29) genes. We also obtained a complete overview of the RoMADS-box gene family through phylogenetic, gene structure, conserved motif, and cis element analyses. The relative expression analysis showed different expression patterns, and most RoMADS-box genes were more highly expressed in fruit than in other tissues of black raspberry. CONCLUSIONS: This finding indicates that the MADS-box gene family is involved in the regulation of fruit ripening processes in black raspberry.

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Structural basis for the exolytic activity of polysaccharide lyase family 6 alginate lyase BcAlyPL6 from human gut microbe Bacteroides clarus

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 547 ◽

pp. 111-117

Author(s):

Bing Wang ◽

Sheng Dong ◽

Fu-Li Li ◽

Xiao-Qing Ma

Keyword(s):

Alginate Lyase ◽

Structural Basis ◽

Human Gut ◽

Polysaccharide Lyase ◽

Gut Microbe

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Evaluation of Probiotic Properties of Pediococcus acidilactici M76 Producing Functional Exopolysaccharides and Its Lactic Acid Fermentation of Black Raspberry Extract

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9071364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 1364

Author(s):

Young-Ran Song ◽

Chan-Mi Lee ◽

Seon-Hye Lee ◽

Sang-Ho Baik

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Lactic Acid Fermentation ◽

Probiotic Properties ◽

Scavenging Activity ◽

Black Raspberry ◽

Pediococcus Acidilactici ◽

Acid Fermentation ◽

Total Anthocyanin

This study aimed to determine the probiotic potential of Pediococcus acidilactici M76 (PA-M76) for lactic acid fermentation of black raspberry extract (BRE). PA-M76 showed outstanding probiotic properties with high tolerance in acidic GIT environments, broad antimicrobial activity, and high adhesion capability in the intestinal tract of Caenorhabditis elegans. PA-M76 treatment resulted in significant increases of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in macrophages, indicating that PA-M76 elicits an effective immune response. When PA-M76 was used for lactic acid fermentation of BRE, an EPS yield of 1.62 g/L was obtained under optimal conditions. Lactic acid fermentation of BRE by PA-M76 did not significantly affect the total anthocyanin and flavonoid content, except for a significant increase in total polyphenol content compared to non-fermented BRE (NfBRE). However, fBRE exhibited increased DPPH radical scavenging activity, linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition rate, and ABTS scavenging activity of fBRE compared to NfBRE. Among the 28 compounds identified in the GC-MS analysis, esters were present as the major groups. The total concentration of volatile compounds was higher in fBRE than that in NfBRE. However, the undesirable flavor of terpenes decreased. PA-M76 might be useful for preparing functionally enhanced fermented beverages with a higher antioxidant activity of EPS and enhanced flavors.

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