A MILP-based operational decision-making methodology for demand-side management applied to desalinated water supply systems supported by a solar photovoltaic plant: A case study in agricultural industry

Within the frame of upgrading and modernisation of the Water Supply System (WSS), our work is focussing on the safety systems/devices implemented or that should be implemented in the WSS. The implementation of safety systems is supposed to reduce hazard occurrence and hazardous consequences in case of a WSS unsafe disruption. To assess this reduction, we preconise the use of the safety integrity levels standards. The implementation of the safety systems/devices is undertaken on the ground of the multi-barriers safeguard approach. The “Water Contamination Hazard” is considered in the paper. A case study is presented, assessed and conclusions are drawn. The methodology presented in the paper and the results of the case study assessment will contribute to the decision-making regarding the upgrading of the safety and the performance of the WSS.

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Intervening factors in the costs of fluoridation in water supply systems: a case study in seven population sizes

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/s1413-415220200045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 785-791

Author(s):

Lorrayne Belotti ◽

Paulo Frazão

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Total Treatment Cost ◽

Chemical Product ◽

Population Sizes ◽

Per Capita ◽

Supply Systems ◽

Capita Cost

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the costs of fluoridation in water supply systems of different population sizes. A case study was carried out comprising cities in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The costs of initial installation, the chemical product, the operation of the system, and the control of fluoride levels between the years 2012 and 2017 were considered. The annual per capita cost of the treatment was calculated to estimate the fluoridation weight concerning the total expenses. The fluoridation annual per capita cost ranged from R$ 20.14 (US$ 7.23) in towns with less than two thousand inhabitants to R$ 0.39 (US$ 0.14) in cities with a population of approximately 520 thousand inhabitants. In systems that supply up to 30 thousand inhabitants, the running cost was responsible for most of the expenses, ranging from 98.2 to 84%. For cities with 520 thousand inhabitants, the costs with the chemical product corresponded to 74.7% of the expenses. Compared with the total treatment cost, the water fluoridation cost ranged from 0.2 to 0.6% for population sizes of 30 thousand inhabitants or more and varied from 1.3 to 7.3% for towns with less than 10 thousand inhabitants. Considering that the decision-making process is complex in the field of public policies, and decision-makers suffer multiple influences as for different policy alternatives, knowing the implications of population size for costs is essential for informed decision-making.

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Management of water supply systems from interbasin transfers: case study in the Brazilian semiarid region

Urban Water Journal ◽

10.1080/1573062x.2021.1925703 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

José Almir Cirilo ◽

Alfredo Ribeiro Neto ◽

Nyadja Menezes Rodrigues Ramos ◽

Carla Fernanda Fortunato ◽

Júlia Daniele Silva de Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Semiarid Region ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Brazilian Semiarid ◽

Interbasin Transfers ◽

Supply Systems

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Energy implications of the millennium drought on urban water cycles in Southeast Australian cities

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2017.110 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 214-221

Author(s):

K. L. Lam ◽

P. A. Lant ◽

S. J. Kenway

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Energy Use ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Urban Water ◽

Demand Side ◽

Related Energy ◽

Millennium Drought ◽

Wide Range ◽

Supply Systems

Abstract During the Millennium Drought in Australia, a wide range of supply-side and demand-side water management strategies were adopted in major southeast Australian cities. This study undertakes a time-series quantification (2001–2014) and comparative analysis of the energy use of the urban water supply systems and sewage systems in Melbourne and Sydney before, during and after the drought, and evaluates the energy implications of the drought and the implemented strategies. In addition, the energy implications of residential water use in Melbourne are estimated. The research highlights that large-scale adoption of water conservation strategies can have different impacts on energy use in different parts of the urban water cycle. In Melbourne, the per capita water-related energy use reduction in households related to showering and clothes-washing alone (46% reduction, 580 kWhth/p/yr) was far more substantial than that in the water supply system (32% reduction, 18 kWhth/p/yr). This historical case also demonstrates the importance of balancing supply- and demand-side strategies in managing long-term water security and related energy use. The significant energy saving in water supply systems and households from water conservation can offset the additional energy use from operating energy-intensive supply options such as inter-basin water transfers and seawater desalination during dry years.

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Energy Recovery Using Micro-Hydropower Technology in Water Supply Systems: The Case Study of the City of Fribourg

Water ◽

10.3390/w8080344 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 344 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Irene Samora ◽

Pedro Manso ◽

Mário Franca ◽

Anton Schleiss ◽

Helena Ramos

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Energy Recovery ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Supply Systems ◽

The City

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Identifying Critical Links in Water Supply Systems Subject to Various Earthquakes to Support Inspection and Renewal Decision Making

Computing in Civil Engineering 2017 ◽

10.1061/9780784480847.029 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

B. Pudasaini ◽

S. M. Shahandashti ◽

M. Razavi

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Critical Links ◽

Supply Systems

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Sustainability assessment and environmental impacts of water supply systems: a case study in Tampa Bay water supply system

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202130801010 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 308 ◽

pp. 01010

Author(s):

Shen Yizhi ◽

Wei Minrui ◽

Hou Bowen

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Tampa Bay ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Supply Systems

Due to the accelerated industrial and urbanization development, climate change, and increasing populations and life quality expectations, the issue of drinking water shortage has raised much public awareness. The desalination system has been widely applied to accommodate the growing demand for clean water resources despite the continuous concerns about its relatively higher energy consumption and environmental footprints. This research conducted a case study in the Tampa Bay Regional Surface Water Treatment Plant and Tampa Bay Seawater Desalination Plant in Florida, U.S. It analysed the performance and environmental impacts of conventional and desalination water supply systems on three sides: energy consumption, carbon footprint, and solid waste. Potential negative effects of both water supply systems are generally associated with surface water ecology, groundwater aquifers, coastal environment, and marine organisms. Various environmental impact mitigation plans have been proposed to prevent or restore the detriments caused by carbon dioxide emissions, plant construction, and concentrated brine discharge. Due to the deficiency in freshwater resources, desalination technology is more promising through proper regulations and regional sustainable development.

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