scholarly journals Risk Factors for the Development of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation and Their Population-Attributable Fractions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1643-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diab Mutlak ◽  
Jawad Khalil ◽  
Jonathan Lessick ◽  
Izhak Kehat ◽  
Yoram Agmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions

Preventable Risk Factors for Dementia: Population Attributable Fractions in a Brazilian Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyllians Vendramini Borelli ◽  
Vanessa Bielefeldt Leotti ◽  
Matheus Zschornack Strelow ◽  
Márcia Lorena Fagundes Chaves ◽  
Raphael Machado Castilhos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions

scholarly journals Results after Repair of Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation with a Three-Dimensional Annuloplasty Ring

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5080
Author(s):  
Elda Dzilic ◽  
Thomas Guenther ◽  
Amel Bouziani ◽  
Bernhard Voss ◽  
Stephanie Voss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Annuloplasty Ring ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Cardiac Procedure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Reoperation Rates

Background: Tricuspid valve (TV) repair is the recommended treatment for severe functional tricuspid regurgitation (fTR) in patients undergoing left-sided surgery. For this purpose, a wide range of annuloplasty devices differing in form and flexibility are available. This study reports the results using a three-dimensional annuloplasty ring (Medtronic, Contour 3D Ring) for TV repair and analysis of risk factors. Methods: A cohort of 468 patients who underwent TV repair (TVr) with a concomitant cardiac procedure from December 2010 to January 2017 was retrospectively analyzed. Results: At follow-up, 96.1% of patients had no/trivial or mild TR. The 30-day mortality was 4.7%; it significantly differed between electively performed operations (2.7%) and urgent/emergent operations (11.7%). Risk factors for recurrent moderate and severe TR were LVEF < 50%, TAPSE < 16 mm, and moderate mitral valve (MV) regurgitation at follow-up. Preoperatively reduced renal function lead to a higher 30-day and overall mortality. Reoperation of the TV was required in six patients (1.6%). Risk factors for TV related reoperations were preoperative TV annulus over 50 mm and an implanted permanent pacemaker. Conclusions: TVr with the Contour 3D annuloplasty ring shows low TR recurrence and reoperation rates. Risk-factor analysis for the recurrence of TR revealed the importance of left- and right-ventricular function.

scholarly journals Regional variations in the economic burden attributable to excess weight, physical inactivity and tobacco smoking across British Columbia

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Krueger ◽  
J.M. Koot ◽  
D.P. Rasali ◽  
S. E. Gustin ◽  
M. Pennock
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Excess Weight ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Social Environmental

Introduction Prevalence rates of excess weight, tobacco smoking and physical inactivity vary substantially by geographical region within British Columbia (B.C.). The purpose of this study is to determine the potential reduction in economic burden in B.C. if all regions in the province achieved prevalence rates of these three risk factors equivalent to those of the region with the lowest rates. Methods We used a previously developed approach based on population-attributable fractions to estimate the economic burden associated with the various risk factors. Sexspecific relative risk and age/sex-specific prevalence data was used in the modelling. Results The annual economic burden attributable to the three risk factors in B.C. was about $5.6 billion in 2013, with a higher proportion of this total attributable to excess weight ($2.6 billion) than to tobacco smoking ($2.0 billion). While B.C. has lower prevalence rates of the risk factors than any other Canadian province, there is significant variation within the province. If each region in the province were to achieve the best prevalence rates for the three risk factors, then $1.4 billion (24% of the $5.6 billion) in economic burden could be avoided annually. Conclusion There are notable disparities in the prevalence of each risk factor across health regions within B.C., which were mirrored in each region’s attributable economic burden. A variety of social, environmental and economic factors likely drive some of this geographical variation and these underlying factors should be considered when developing prevention programs.

scholarly journals What to deploy to prevent hip OA; population attributable fractions of risk factors for incident clinical and radiographic hip OA

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. S271-S272
Author(s):  
J. Runhaar ◽  
M. Hall ◽  
D. Schiphof ◽  
F. Saberi Hosnijeh ◽  
J. van Meurs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions

Risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis in east China: a matched case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1020-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. X. YAN ◽  
Y. DAI ◽  
Y. J. ZHOU ◽  
H. LIU ◽  
S. G. DUAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYTo determine risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis, we conducted a population-based case-control study in sentinel hospital surveillance areas of Shanghai and Jiangsu province, China. Seventy-one patients with diarrhoea and confirmedV. parahaemolyticusinfections were enrolled, and they were matched with 142 controls for gender, age and residential area. From the multivariable analysis,V. parahaemolyticusinfections were associated with antibiotics taken during the 4 weeks prior to illness [odds ratio (OR) 8·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–56·4)], frequent eating out (OR 3·3, 95% CI 1·1–10·1), and shellfish consumption (OR 3·2, 95% CI 1·0–9·9), with population-attributable fractions of 0·09, 0·25, and 0·14, respectively. Protective factors included keeping the aquatic products refrigerated (OR 0·4, 95% CI 0·1–0·9) and pork consumption (OR 0·2, 95% CI 0·1–0·8). Further study of the association ofV. parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis with prior antibiotic use and shellfish consumption is needed.

scholarly journals Lifestyle Risk Factors and the Population Attributable Fractions for Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Students of Zhejiang Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Gu ◽  
Siliang Zhou ◽  
Ke Lou ◽  
Rui Deng ◽  
Xingxiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: To assess the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and risk of overweight/obesity in Chinese students, and to evaluate the predicting prevalence of overweight if the lifestyle risk factors were removed.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 40,141 students in grade three and above (8–24yrs) in 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China. Physical examination was performed, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect lifestyle information, including dietary behavior, physical activity, TV watching, sleeping, smoking, drinking, and tooth-brushing habits. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and a series of lifestyle factors. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were used to calculate the predicting prevalence of overweight/obesity if lifestyle risk factors were removed.Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity of participants was 25.5% (male 32.3%, female 18.1%). Overweight/obesity were associated with adverse lifestyle factors, such as watch TV ≥1 h/day (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.11–1.22), insufficient sleep (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.11–1.22), and irregular toothbrushing habits (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01–1.39). Based on the calculated PAFs, the predicted prevalence of overweight/obesity would decline moderately if lifestyle factors were modified, with the magnitudes of decrease vary by sex, age and residence. Generally, a larger reduction was estimated if the sleeping time was increased and TV time was reduced, with the prevalence of overweight/obesity decreased by 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7, 1.5%) and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.6, 1.2%), respectively.Conclusions: Predicted prevalence of overweight/ obesity in Chinese students may decrease if modifiable lifestyle risk factors were removed. The attributable risk for obesity of lifestyle behaviors varied in age, sex and residence groups. The findings of this study may provide insights for planning and optimizing future obesity intervention endeavors.

scholarly journals 1396. Risk Factors for Brain Abscess: A Nationwide Population-based Nested Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S507-S508
Author(s):  
Jacob Bodilsen ◽  
Michael Dalager-Pedersen ◽  
Diederik van de Beek ◽  
Matthijs C Brouwer ◽  
Henrik Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Population Controls ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Knowledge of risk factors for brain abscess is limited and relies on single-center cohorts without control groups. Methods We accessed nationwide medical registries to conduct a population-based nested case–control study of risk factors for brain abscess. We applied risk set sampling for selection of population controls (1:10) individually matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Next, population attributable fractions were calculated. Results We identified 1,384 brain abscess patients in Denmark from 1982 through 2016 and 13,839 matched population controls. The median age was 50 years (interquartile range 33–63) and 37% were female. Cases often had a Charlson comorbidity score>2 (16%) compared with controls (3%). Adjusted ORs were: head trauma 2.15 (1.72–2.70), neurosurgery 19.3 (14.3–26.0), dental infection 4.61 (3.39–6.26) or surgery 2.57 (1.71–3.84), ear-nose-throat infection 3.81 (3.11–4.67) or surgery 2.85 (2.21–3.70), congenital heart disease 15.6 (9.57–25.4), diabetes mellitus 1.74 (1.33–2.29), alcohol abuse 2.22 (1.58–3.11), liver disease 2.37 (1.53–3.68), kidney disease 2.04 (1.30–3.20), and lung abscess or bronchiectasis 8.15 (3.59–18.5). The aORs were 4.12 (3.37–5.04) and 8.77 (5.66–13.6) for solid and hematological cancer, 12.0 (6.13–23.7) for HIV, and 5.71 (4.22–7.75) for immuno-modulating treatments. Risks were twice as high when risk factors were observed within 5 years before brain abscess. Population attributable fractions showed that neurosurgery (12%), solid cancer (11%), ear-nose-throat infections (7%) and immuno-modulating treatments (5%) were substantial contributors to occurrence of brain abscess. Conclusion Important risk factors included neurosurgery, cancer, ear-nose-throat infections and immuno-modulating treatments Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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