scholarly journals Lifestyle Risk Factors and the Population Attributable Fractions for Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Students of Zhejiang Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Gu ◽  
Siliang Zhou ◽  
Ke Lou ◽  
Rui Deng ◽  
Xingxiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: To assess the relationship between modifiable lifestyle factors and risk of overweight/obesity in Chinese students, and to evaluate the predicting prevalence of overweight if the lifestyle risk factors were removed.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 40,141 students in grade three and above (8–24yrs) in 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China. Physical examination was performed, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect lifestyle information, including dietary behavior, physical activity, TV watching, sleeping, smoking, drinking, and tooth-brushing habits. Logistic regression models were performed to assess the relationship between overweight/obesity and a series of lifestyle factors. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were used to calculate the predicting prevalence of overweight/obesity if lifestyle risk factors were removed.Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity of participants was 25.5% (male 32.3%, female 18.1%). Overweight/obesity were associated with adverse lifestyle factors, such as watch TV ≥1 h/day (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.11–1.22), insufficient sleep (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.11–1.22), and irregular toothbrushing habits (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.01–1.39). Based on the calculated PAFs, the predicted prevalence of overweight/obesity would decline moderately if lifestyle factors were modified, with the magnitudes of decrease vary by sex, age and residence. Generally, a larger reduction was estimated if the sleeping time was increased and TV time was reduced, with the prevalence of overweight/obesity decreased by 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7, 1.5%) and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.6, 1.2%), respectively.Conclusions: Predicted prevalence of overweight/ obesity in Chinese students may decrease if modifiable lifestyle risk factors were removed. The attributable risk for obesity of lifestyle behaviors varied in age, sex and residence groups. The findings of this study may provide insights for planning and optimizing future obesity intervention endeavors.

scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and lifestyle diseases among rural population of Bengaluru rural district

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1558
Author(s):  
Deepadarshan H. ◽  
Shweta D. Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Training Centre ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Diseases

Background: Rapid urbanization and industrialization is leading to increased lifestyle risk factors and thus lifestyle diseases. Lifestyle diseases are causing more number of deaths and disability worldwide in recent years. Recent studies have shown a higher risk of lifestyle diseases among rural population. Hence this study was conducted to assess the lifestyle factors and lifestyle diseases and to know the prevalence of lifestyle diseases among rural population. Study design and setting: Cross-sectional study in Rural Health Training Centre, Sapthagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru.Methods: For a sample size of 108, systematic sampling was done and a questionnaire was administered. Data collected regarding lifestyle risk factors and diseases and analyzed using SPSS v 20. Results: 66 out of 108 participants (61.1%) had one or more lifestyle risk factors. Prevalence of lifestyle diseases was 37.03%. Hypertension was the most common disease with 27 (25%) cases followed by diabetes mellitus (16.7%) and asthma/COPD (7.5%). There was significant association between lifestyle factors like Tobacco and cigarette use, junk foods, overweight and obesity with lifestyle diseases. Conclusions: There is a need for population based program at primary level on lifestyle modification in the prevention of lifestyle diseases. 

scholarly journals Smoking, drinking, diet and physical activity—modifiable lifestyle risk factors and their associations with age to first chronic disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Ng ◽  
Rinku Sutradhar ◽  
Zhan Yao ◽  
Walter P Wodchis ◽  
Laura C Rosella
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the incidence of a person’s first diagnosis of a selected chronic disease, and the relationships between modifiable lifestyle risk factors and age to first of six chronic diseases.MethodsOntario respondents from 2001 to 2010 of the Canadian Community Health Survey were followed up with administrative data until 2014 for congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, diabetes, lung cancer, myocardial infarction and stroke. By sex, the cumulative incidence function of age to first chronic disease was calculated for the six chronic diseases individually and compositely. The associations between modifiable lifestyle risk factors (alcohol, body mass index, smoking, diet, physical inactivity) and age to first chronic disease were estimated using cause-specific Cox proportional hazards models and Fine-Gray competing risk models.ResultsDiabetes was the most common disease. By age 70.5 years (2015 world life expectancy), 50.9% of females and 58.1% of males had at least one disease and few had a death free of the selected diseases (3.4% females; 5.4% males). Of the lifestyle factors, heavy smoking had the strongest association with the risk of experiencing at least one chronic disease (cause-specific hazard ratio = 3.86; 95% confidence interval = 3.46, 4.31). The lifestyle factors were modelled for each disease separately, and the associations varied by chronic disease and sex.ConclusionsWe found that most individuals will have at least one of the six chronic diseases before dying. This study provides a novel approach using competing risk methods to examine the incidence of chronic diseases relative to the life course and how their incidences are associated with lifestyle behaviours.

The Relationship between Depression and Lifestyle Risk Factors in Office Workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
YoungYun Jin ◽  
Sunghun Yang ◽  
Haeryon Hong ◽  
Changduk Ha ◽  
Jiyoung Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Diet and Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Marian L. Fitzgibbon ◽  
Lisa Tussing-Humphreys ◽  
Angela Kong ◽  
Alexis Bains
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Obesity And Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Diet contributes to the development of 30% to 35% of cancers. Shifts in the food landscape have contributed to changes in dietary intake, energy balance, and the development of obesity. Obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 kg/m², is associated with several cancers. The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR), the American Cancer Society (ACS), and several large U.S.-based randomized trials are studying the relationship between diet, dietary patterns, lifestyle risk factors, obesity, and cancer. Prior research reported an association between individual nutrients and cancer risk. This research, however, did not fully investigate the complexity of diet and interactions between specific dietary components. Overall, according to data reported by the WCRF and the AICR, primary prevention of many cancers is possible through modifiable lifestyle changes. Identifying and intervening on barriers to lifestyle modifications remains a challenge, but it is increasingly apparent that there is a relationship between diet, lifestyle risk factors, and cancer development and that many cancers can be prevented.

scholarly journals Obesity and lifestyle risk factors among an adult population in Legal Amazon, Mato Grosso, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita De Cássia Spanhol ◽  
Carlos Kusano Bucalen Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

<p>To evaluate the frequency of obesity and lifestyle risk factors in the population of Barra do Garças, Legal Amazon.</p><p><strong>Methodology </strong>A randomized, transversal study with 305 adults of both genders was performed. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, food dietary habits, frequency of smoking and alcoholic consumption, practice of physical activity, and the physical activity level were evaluated.  </p><p><strong>Results </strong>Smoking and alcoholic consumption was higher among men compared to women. Almost 60 % of men engaged in leisure-time physical activities, whereas only 42.4 % of women practiced physical activity. Women were engaged in mostly sedentary behavior activities, such as watching television and using the computer use than men. Dietary daily intake of fruits and vegetables were higher among women compared to men (65.9 % and 51.5 %, respectively). Men were more prone to drink soft drinks than women. However, 39.4 % of men and only 3.4 % of women drank soft drinks three or more days <em>per</em> week. The prevalence of overweight and obesity according to body mass index (BMI) was higher in this study. 34.4 % of men and 33.7 % of women were overweight and 15.10 % and 17.50% of men and women, respectively, were classifyied as obese. Elevated values of waist circumference were found in 35.35 % of men and 70.73 % of women.</p><p><strong>Conclusión</strong> Women were more sedentary than men and had higher prevalence of abnormal waist circumference values.</p>

scholarly journals The Relationship of Lifestyle Risk Factors and Depression in Korean Adults: A Moderating Effect of Overall Nutritional Adequacy

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2626
Author(s):  
Minjeong Kang ◽  
Mingyu Joo ◽  
Haeryun Hong ◽  
Hyunsik Kang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Mean Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Little is known regarding the role of nutrition in determining the associations between lifestyle risk factors and depression. Objectives: This study examined whether or not nutritional adequacy modulates the relationship between depression and lifestyle risk factors in Korean adults aged 18-65 years (n = 7446). Methods: Data were obtained from the 2016 and 2018 Korea National Health and Examination Survey. Depression, smoking, at-risk alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, sleep deprivation, and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were assessed. Results: Individuals with two (OR = 1.960, p < 0.001), three (OR = 4.237, p < 0.001), or four (OR = 5.312, p < 0.001) risk factors had a significantly higher risk of depression compared to individuals with one or zero risk factor. In contrast, individuals with moderate MAR (OR = 0.607, p < 0.001) and high (OR = 0.698, p < 0.001) MAR had a lower depression risk compared to individuals with low MAR. Moderation analysis showed a moderating effect of MAR (coefficient = −0.220, p = 0.007) on the relationship between risk factors and depression. Conclusions: The current findings suggest that overall nutritional adequacy plays a modulating role in determining the relationship between depression and lifestyle risk factors in Korean adults.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Health and Cognitive Function: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Sophia X. Sui ◽  
Lana J. Williams ◽  
Kara L. Holloway-Kew ◽  
Natalie K. Hyde ◽  
Julie A. Pasco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Muscle Health ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Sarcopenia is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age. It involves both complex genetic and modifiable risk factors, such as lack of exercise, malnutrition and reduced neurological drive. Cognitive decline refers to diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual functioning. Contracting skeletal muscle is a major source of neurotrophic factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which regulate synapses in the brain. Furthermore, skeletal muscle activity has important immune and redox effects that modify brain function and reduce muscle catabolism. The identification of common risk factors and underlying mechanisms for sarcopenia and cognition may allow the development of targeted interventions that slow or reverse sarcopenia and also certain forms of cognitive decline. However, the links between cognition and skeletal muscle have not been elucidated fully. This review provides a critical appraisal of the literature on the relationship between skeletal muscle health and cognition. The literature suggests that sarcopenia and cognitive decline share pathophysiological pathways. Ageing plays a role in both skeletal muscle deterioration and cognitive decline. Furthermore, lifestyle risk factors, such as physical inactivity, poor diet and smoking, are common to both disorders, so their potential role in the muscle–brain relationship warrants investigation.

High antibody levels against human herpesvirus-6A interact with lifestyle factors in multiple sclerosis development

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852110220
Author(s):  
Jing Wu ◽  
Elin Engdahl ◽  
Rasmus Gustafsson ◽  
Anna Fogdell-Hahn ◽  
Tim Waterboer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Potential Interactions

Background: Infection with human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) has been suggested to increase multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. However, potential interactions between HHV-6A and environmental/lifestyle risk factors for MS have not previously been studied. Methods: We used two Swedish population-based case-control studies comprising 5993 cases and 5995 controls. Using logistic regression models, subjects with different HHV-6A antibody levels, environmental exposures, and lifestyle habits were compared regarding MS risk, by calculating odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential interactions between high HHV-6A antibody levels and common environmental exposures and lifestyle factors were evaluated on the additive scale. Results: High HHV-6A antibody levels were associated with increased risk of developing MS (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.4–1.6). Regarding MS risk, significant interactions were observed between high HHV-6A antibody levels and both smoking (attributable proportion (AP) = 0.2, 95% CI = 0.1–0.3), low ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure (AP = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.1–0.4), and low vitamin D levels (AP = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.0–0.6). Conclusion: High HHV-6A antibody levels are associated with increased MS risk and act synergistically with common environmental/lifestyle risk factors for MS. Further research is needed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying the interactions presented in this study.

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