Comparative study of physico-chemical properties of binary mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide with 1-alkanols at different temperatures

In this article, the normal continuous mode of distillation is considered using an example of binary two-phase mixture distillation. In practice, there are often deviations from the normal mode. It has been proved that the deviation leads to an increase in energy consumption for the ongoing process. In the industry, columns separating binary mixtures are normally the finishing apparatuses in the flow-sheet separation of multicomponent mixtures, which are obtained in the reactor as a result of main reactions as well as by-reactions. The distillation of binary mixtures is relatively simpler than that of multicomponent mixtures. In this regard, the fundamental parts of monographs especially in the thirties-forties of the last century started with the study of binary mixtures, although multicomponent mixtures were the main focus. The aim of analyzing this complex and the highly energy-intensive process is to facilitate the choice of a mathematical model for the process and the determination on its basis variance. Variance is a set of independent variables that allow calculation of a process only after taking into account the number of independent equations related to these variables. A case of deviation from the normal distillation regime where an under-heated liquid enters the column feed has been revised. This leads to an increase in energy consumption during distillation. Key indicators of the normal regime relative to the level of feed and the temperature of the liquid are shown in the text.

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Comparative Study of the Effects of Two Organic Manures on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties, and Yield of Potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum L.</i>)

Plant ◽

10.11648/j.plant.20160401.11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Muyang Rosaline Fosah

Keyword(s):

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Manures ◽

Physico Chemical

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Optimization of Electrolysis Parameters for Green Sanitation Chemicals Production Using Response Surface Methodology

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8070792 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 792

Author(s):

Nurul Izzah Khalid ◽

Nurul Shaqirah Sulaiman ◽

Norashikin Ab Aziz ◽

Farah Saleena Taip ◽

Shafreeza Sobri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Food Industry ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Bactericidal Effect ◽

Electrolyzed Water ◽

Optimum Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Different Types ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Optimized Conditions

Electrolyzed water (EW) shows great potential as a green and economical sanitation solution for the food industry. However, only limited studies have investigated the optimum electrolysis parameters and the bactericidal effect of acidic electrolyzed water (AcEW) and alkaline electrolyzed water (AlEW). Here, the Box–Behnken experimental design was used to identify the optimum parameters. The tests were conducted with different types of electrodes, electrical voltages, electrolysis times, and NaCl concentrations. There were no obvious differences observed in the physico-chemical properties of EW when different electrodes were used. However, stainless steel was chosen as it meets most of the selection criteria. The best-optimized conditions for AcEW were at 11.39 V, 0.65 wt.% NaCl, and 7.23 min, while the best-optimized conditions for AlEW were at 10.32 V, 0.6 wt.% NaCl, and 7.49 min. The performance of the optimum EW (AcEW and AlEW) compared with commercial cleaning detergents for the food industry was then evaluated. The bactericidal activity of AcEW and AlEW was examined against Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 at different temperatures (30 °C and 50 °C) for 30 s. The results show that both AcEW and AlEW have the ability to reduce the Escherichia coli to non-detectable levels (less than 2 log CFU/mL).

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