scholarly journals Humoral cross-reactivity towards SARS-CoV-2 in young children with acute respiratory infection with low-pathogenicity coronaviruses

2022 ◽  
pp. 100061
Author(s):  
Nitin Dhochak ◽  
Tanvi Agrawal ◽  
Heena Shaman ◽  
Naseem Ahmed Khan ◽  
Prawin Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Cross Reactivity

scholarly journals Polusi Udara Dalam Rumah Terhadap Infeksi Saluran Pernafasan Akut pada Balita di TPA Sukawinatan Palembang

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rahmi Garmini ◽  
Rachmadhi Purwana
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Period Prevalence

Latar belakang: Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA) merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas pada bayi dan anak-anak. ISPA bisa terjadi karena pencemaran kualitas udara di luar maupun di dalam ruangan. Salah satunya gas sulfur dioksida (SO2) yang ada di tempat pembuangan sampah dapat mengganggu sistem pernapasan pada balita. Balita lebih berisiko tertular ISPA karena kekebalan tubuh yang dialami balita belum terbentuk sempurna. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi udara dalam rumah dan karakteristik balita terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita di sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Sukawinatan Kelurahan Sukajaya Palembang.Metode: Jenis penelitian analitik, desain penelitian cross sectional. Variabel terukur adalah kondisi udara dalam rumah, karakteristik balita, dan kejadian ISPA pada balita. Populasi penelitian adalah anak balita berumur 12-59 bulan yang bertempat tinggal di Kelurahan Sukajaya dan sampel berjumlah 94 orang. Data dianalisis dengan uji chi-square, t-test independent, dan regresi logistik. Hasil: Period Prevalence kejadian ISPA pada balita sebesar 59,6%. Variabel penggunaan obat anti nyamuk, perokok dalam rumah, ventilasi, status gizi dan status imunisasi secara statistik menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita, sedangkan variabel kadar SO2 dalam rumah dan umur balita secara statistik tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita. Hasil analisis multivariat diperoleh bahwa variabel ventilasi rumah merupakan variabel yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian ISPA pada balita.Simpulan: Ventilasi dapat menjadi faktor risiko terhadap terjadinya ISPA, karena ventilasi mempunyai fungsi sebagai sarana sirkulasi udara sehingga dapat mengurangi pencemaran udara dalam rumah. ABSTRACTTitle: Indoor Air Pollution And Acute Respiratory Infection In Child    Under Five Years In Sukawinatan Landfills Palembang.Background: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in young children. ARI can occurs because indoor and outdoor air pollution. One of them is gas sulfur dioxide (SO2) in landfills that it can be irritate the respiratory tract in young children. Young children have higher risk of contracting ARI because the immune of young children not yet fully formed. This research aims to find out Indoor air Pollution and Characteristics of acute respiratory infection in under-fives in Sukawinatan Landfills.Methods: Type of research was analitic, cross-sectional study design. Measurement of indoor air pollution, characteristics of young children, and prevalence of acute respiratory infection. The population of this research was young children aged 12-59 months who lived in Kelurahan Sukajaya and 94 samples. Data were analyzed by chi-square, t-test independent, and logistic regression.Results: Period Prevalence of acute respiratory infection in young children about 59,6%. Using mosquito repellent, smokers in the house, ventilation, nutrition and immunization status were significant correlation to acute respiratory infection in young children. While SO2 levels in the home and age of young children were insignificant correlation to acute respiratory infection in young children. Multivariate analysis showed that the variables of ventilation with SO2 levels were the most dominant variable related to acute respiratory infection in young children.Conclusion: One of risk factor of acute respiratory infection is ventilation, because its function as air circulation to reduce indoor air pollution.

scholarly journals Sars-Cov2 Not Detected in a Pediatric Population With Acute Respiratory Infection in Primary Care in Central and Southern Italy From November 2019 to Early March 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Rizzo ◽  
Daniela Loconsole ◽  
Elisabetta Pandolfi ◽  
Marta Luisa Ciofi Degli Atti ◽  
Jojanneke van Summeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Reference Laboratory ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
Primary Care Pediatricians

Background: In December 2019, a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 started circulating in China and this led to a major epidemic in Northern Italy between February and May 2020. Young children (aged <5 years) seem to be less affected by this coronavirus disease (COVID-19) compared to adults, although there is very little information on the circulation of this new virus among children in Italy. We retrospectively tested nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 in samples collected in young children between November, 2019 and March, 2020 in the context of the RSV ComNet study.Methods: Two networks of primary care pediatricians in Lazio (Central Italy) and Puglia (Southern Italy) collected nasopharyngeal swabs from children, aged <5 years, presenting with symptoms for an acute respiratory infection (ARI). The RSV ComNet study is a multicenter study implemented to estimate the burden of RSV in young children (aged <5 years) in the community. Swabs were sent to a central reference laboratory and tested for 14 respiratory viruses through RT-PCR. All collected samples were retrospectively tested for SARS-CoV-2 using RT-PCR (Istituto Superiore di Sanità protocol).Results: A total of 293 children with ARI were identified in the two participating networks. The highest number of cases were recruited in weeks 51/2019 and 3/2020. The majority of patients (57%) came from the Lazio region. All of the 293 samples tested negative for SARS-Cov2. Rhinovirus was the most frequently detected virus (44%), followed by RSV (41%) and influenza viruses (14%).Conclusions: Our study shows that in Lazio (a region of intermediate SARS-COV-2 incidence) and Puglia (a region of low incidence), the SARS-Cov2 virus did not circulate in a sample of ARI pediatric cases consulting primary care pediatricians between November 2019 and March 2020.

scholarly journals Humoral cross-reactivity towards SARS-CoV-2 in young children with acute respiratory infection with low-pathogenicity coronaviruses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Dhochak ◽  
Tanvi Agrawal ◽  
Heena Shaman ◽  
Naseem Ahmed Khan ◽  
Prawin Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort ◽  
Prospective Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Coronavirus Infections

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children frequently leads to only asymptomatic and mild infections. It has been suggested that frequent infections due to low-pathogenicity coronaviruses in children, imparts immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in this age group. From a prospective birth cohort study prior to the pandemic, we identified children (n=42) with proven low-pathogenicity coronavirus infections. Convalescent sera from these samples had antibodies against the respective seasonal CoVs as demonstrated by immunofluorescence assay. We tested these samples for neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 using virus microneutralization assay. Forty serum samples showed no significant neutralization of SARS-CoV-2, while 2 samples showed inconclusive results. These findings suggest that the antibodies generated in low-pathogenicity coronavirus infections offer no protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection in young children.

scholarly journals Poor Outcome of Acute Respiratory Infection in Young Children with Underlying Health Condition in Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliana Stravinskas Durigon ◽  
Danielle Bruna Leal Oliveira ◽  
Maria Carolina Calahani Felicio ◽  
Cristiane Finelli ◽  
Maria Fernanda Badue Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Poor Outcome

scholarly journals Recommendations for respiratory syncytial virus surveillance at national level

2021 ◽  
pp. 2003766
Author(s):  
Anne C. Teirlinck ◽  
Eeva K. Broberg ◽  
Are Stuwitz Berg ◽  
Harry Campbell ◽  
Rachel M. Reeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Tract Infections

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) and hospitalisations among young children and is globally responsible for many deaths in young children, especially in infants below 6 months of age. Furthermore, RSV is a common cause of severe respiratory disease and hospitalisation among the elderly. The development of new candidate vaccines and monoclonal antibodies highlights the need for reliable surveillance of RSV. In the European Union (EU), no up-to-date general recommendations on RSV surveillance are currently available. Based on outcomes of a workshop with 29 European experts in the field of RSV virology, epidemiology and public health, we provide recommendations to develop a feasible and sustainable national surveillance strategy for RSV that will enable harmonisation and data comparison at the European level. We discuss three surveillance components: active sentinel community surveillance, active sentinel hospital surveillance, and passive laboratory surveillance, using the EU acute respiratory infection (ARI) and WHO extended severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) case definitions. Furthermore, we recommend the use of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based assays as the standard detection method for RSV and virus genetic characterisation, if possible, to monitor genetic evolution. These guidelines provide a basis for a good quality, feasible and affordable surveillance of RSV. Harmonisation of surveillance standards at European and global level will contribute to the wider availability of national level RSV surveillance data for regional and global analysis, and estimation of the RSV burden and impact of the future immunisation programmes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document