A new combined electrocoagulation-electroflotation process for pretreatment of synthetic and real Moquette-manufacturing industry wastewater: Optimization of operating conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 104263
Author(s):  
Hossein Ehsani ◽  
Naser Mehrdadi ◽  
Gholamreza Asadollahfardi ◽  
Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi ◽  
Ghasem Azarian
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Industry Wastewater

scholarly journals Experimental analysis on the synergistic effect of combined use of ozone and UV radiation for the treatment of dairy industry wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 200375-0
Author(s):  
Ramya Suresh ◽  
Baskar Rajoo ◽  
Maheswari Chenniappan ◽  
Manikandan Palanichamy
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Reduction Efficiency ◽  
Cylindrical Reactor ◽  
Ozone Injection ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The present study focused on the various advanced oxidation processes; Ozone, UV radiation, O<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>/UV, UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>/UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for treatability of dairy industry wastewater. With this aim, the trials were carried out in cylindrical reactor fortified with UV radiation and Ozone injection. Efficiency of the treatment process was evaluated considering Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), lactose reduction and process parameters were determined to be reaction time, pH, circulation rate, and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> dosage. 32.5%, 35.2% , 25%, 83% COD and 40.6%, 43.6%, 38.2%, 80% lactose reduction efficiency were obtained under the operating conditions for O<sub>3</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>3</sub>/UV, UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub>/UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> processes, respectively. As per this outcome, UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>3</sub> process gave more than 65% of COD and 52.36% of lactose reduction efficiency than other hybrid processes. Optimum conditions for UV/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/O<sub>3</sub> process (pH = 5, time = 180 mins, circulation rate = 50 mL/h and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> dosage of 0.5 mL) resulted in 88% of COD and 93.4% lactose reduction.

Friction Torque and Leakage Based Data-Driven Approach for Rotary Seal Prognostics in Manufacturing Industry

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhumitha Ramachandran ◽  
Zahed Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Friction Torque ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Direct Estimation ◽  
Rotary Seal ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Rotary seals are found in many manufacturing equipment and machines used for various applications under a wide range of operating conditions. Rotary seal failure can be catastrophic and can lead to costly downtime and large expenses; so it is extremely important to assess the degradation of rotary seal to avoid fatal breakdown of machineries. Physics-based rotary seal prognostics require direct estimation of different physical parameters to assess the degradation of seals. Data-driven prognostics utilizing sensor technology and computational capabilities can aid in the in-direct estimation of rotary seals’ running condition unlike the physics-based approach. An important aspect of data-driven prognostics is to collect appropriate data in order to reduce the cost and time associated with the data collection, storage and computation. Seals in machineries operate in harsh conditions, especially in the oil field, seals are exposed to harsh environment and aggressive fluids which gradually reduces the elastic modulus and hardness of seals, resulting in lower friction torque and excessive leakage. Therefore, in this study we implement a data-driven prognostics approach which utilizes friction torque and leakage signals along with Multilayer Perceptron as a classifier to compare the performance of the two metrics in classifying the running condition of rotary seals. Friction torque was found to have a better performance than leakage in terms of differentiating the running condition of rotary seals throughout its service life. Although this approach was designed for seals in oil and gas industry, this approach can be implemented in any manufacturing industry with similar applications.

China Rising

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 88-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Curado
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
The State ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Productive Structure

China’s economic rise has caused a radical change in the operating conditions of the capitalist system and opened a wide range of opportunities and challenges for Brazil’s development. The Brazilian productive structure is going through great changes, key among them being the loss of importance of the manufacturing industry in job creation and in total GDP, and the efforts of Brazilian capitalists to promote investment and innovation have fallen short. The latter is a key element for an understanding of Brazilian industry’s weak participation in the highly competitive international scene. These opportunities and challenges can only be adequately addressed by the maintenance and expansion of the planning efforts of the state.A ascensão econômica da China tem causado mudança radical nas condições de fun-cionamento do sistema capitalista e criou um vasto espectro de oportunidades e desafios ao desenvolvimento do Brasil. A estrutura produtiva brasileira vem passando por grandes transformações. Entre elas, uma das mais sérias tem sido a perda na capacidade da indústria manufatureira de gerar empregos e a queda de sua participação no PIB. Demais, nota-se que os esforços de capitalistas brasileiros para promover investimento e inovação têm sido pífios. Esse último problema constitui elemento-chave para compreender-se a participação fraca da indústria brasileira em um cenário international extremamente competitivo. As oportunidades e desafios mencionados só podem ser adequadamente tratados por meio da manutenção e expansão do planejamento estatal.

scholarly journals A Review on the Treatment of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Advanced Oxidation Processes

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 782
Author(s):  
Wamda Faisal Elmobarak ◽  
Bassim H. Hameed ◽  
Fares Almomani ◽  
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Petroleum Refinery ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Petroleum Refinery Wastewater ◽  
Industry Wastewater

The petroleum industry is one of the most rapidly developing industries and is projected to grow faster in the coming years. The recent environmental activities and global requirements for cleaner methods are pushing the petroleum refining industries for the use of green techniques and industrial wastewater treatment. Petroleum industry wastewater contains a broad diversity of contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, oil and grease, phenol, ammonia, sulfides, and other organic composites, etc. All of these compounds within discharged water from the petroleum industry exist in an extremely complicated form, which is unsafe for the environment. Conventional treatment systems treating refinery wastewater have shown major drawbacks including low efficiency, high capital and operating cost, and sensitivity to low biodegradability and toxicity. The advanced oxidation process (AOP) method is one of the methods applied for petroleum refinery wastewater treatment. The objective of this work is to review the current application of AOP technologies in the treatment of petroleum industry wastewater. The petroleum wastewater treatment using AOP methods includes Fenton and photo-Fenton, H2O2/UV, photocatalysis, ozonation, and biological processes. This review reports that the treatment efficiencies strongly depend on the chosen AOP type, the physical and chemical properties of target contaminants, and the operating conditions. It is reported that other mechanisms, as well as hydroxyl radical oxidation, might occur throughout the AOP treatment and donate to the decrease in target contaminants. Mainly, the recent advances in the AOP treatment of petroleum wastewater are discussed. Moreover, the review identifies scientific literature on knowledge gaps, and future research ways are provided to assess the effects of these technologies in the treatment of petroleum wastewater.

scholarly journals Optimal Operation of Multiple Energy System Based on Multi-Objective Theory and Grey Theory

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Bo Hu ◽  
Nan Wang ◽  
Zaiming Yu ◽  
Yunqing Cao ◽  
Dongsheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Grey Theory ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Electricity Cost

The manufacturing industry consumes electricity and natural gas to provide the power and heat required for manufacturing. Additionally, large amounts of electric energy and heat energy are used, and the electricity cost, amount of environmental pollution, and equipment maintenance cost are high. Thus, optimizing the management of equipment with new energy is important to satisfy the load demand from the system. This paper formulates the scheduling problem of these multiple energy systems as a multi-objective linear regression model (MLRM), and an energy management system is designed focusing on the economy and on greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, a variety of optimization objectives and constraints are proposed to make the energy management scheme more practical. Then, grey theory is combined with the common MLRM to accurately represent the uncertainty in the system and to make the model better reflect the actual situation. This paper takes load fluctuation, total grid operation cost, and environmental pollution value as reference standards to measure the effect of the gray optimization algorithm. Lastly, the model is applied to optimize the energy supply plan and its performance is demonstrated using numerical examples. The verification results meet the optimized operating conditions of the multi-energy microgrid system.

scholarly journals Uncertainty evaluation in industrial pressure measurement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-259
Author(s):  
Nadine Schiering ◽  
Olaf Schnelle-Werner
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Uncertainty ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Uncertainty Budget ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Product ◽  
Uncertainty Calculation ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Calibration Laboratories

Abstract. In the process and manufacturing industry, pressure is one of the variables that most often need to be recorded and monitored. Whether in standard applications or under special operating conditions, each application requires pressure gauges that are perfect for their needs. In Germany, pressure gauges are calibrated by accredited calibration laboratories, according to guideline DKD-R 6-1 (DKD-R 6-1, 2014). This calibration guideline establishes minimum requirements for the calibration procedure and the measurement uncertainty calculation when calibrating pressure gauges. In addition to the uncertainty contributions due to the calibration, the uncertainty contributions due to the specific application, like extreme temperatures, high pressure in containers, extreme height differences, shocks, aggressive media or problematic physical product properties, should be taken into account. This paper presents the approach in which the measurement uncertainty can be calculated in industrial pressure measurements. Furthermore, the individual uncertainty contributions and their identification or origin are discussed. Finally, an example of a measurement uncertainty budget is shown as an important tool in the measurement uncertainty calculation.

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