scholarly journals Using eDNA to simultaneously detect the distribution of native and invasive crayfish within an entire country

2022 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 113929
Author(s):  
Alex C. King ◽  
Raphael Krieg ◽  
Anna Weston ◽  
Armin K. Zenker
Keyword(s):  
Entire Country ◽  
Invasive Crayfish

The Socio-Economic Challenges of South African Indigenous Musicians: A Case Study of Venda-Based Vho-Ntshengedzeni Mamphodo

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N G Mugovhani ◽  
Lebogang Lance Nawa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Arts Management ◽  
Black South African ◽  
Indigenous Music ◽  
Entire Country

This article discusses and raises awareness about the socio-economic plight of indigenous musicians in South Africa. Through a qualitative case study of the Venda musician, Vho-Talelani Andries Ntshengedzeni Mamphodo, dubbed the “Father of mbila music,” the article highlights the fact that the welfare of Black South African artists, particularly indigenous musicians in South Africa, is generally a precarious affair. Their popularity, at the height of their careers, sometimes masks shocking details of exploitation, neglect, and the poverty they are subjected to, which are exposed only after they have died. Empirical data identifies this as a symptom of, among other things, cultural policy and arts management deficiencies in the promotion of indigenous music. The article aims to find ways to redress this unfortunate situation, which is partially a product of general apathy and scant regard that these artists have perennially been subjected to, even by their own governments, as well as some members of their societies. All these factors mentioned are compounded by ignorance on the part of South African artists. Part of the objective of this study was to establish whether the exposition of the Vhavenda musicians is a typical example of all Black South African indigenous musicians and, if this is the case, whether the suggested ways to redress this unfortunate situation could contribute to or play a role in alleviating the plight of such artists in the entire country.

Potenzielle Eichenwuchsgebiete und aktuelle Eichenmischwälder der Schweiz | Potential oak sites and actual mixed oak forests in Switzerland

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Urs Mühlethaler ◽  
Yvonne Reisner ◽  
Nele Rogiers
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Natural Growth ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Middle Spotted Woodpecker ◽  
Evaluation Matrix ◽  
Common Oak

On behalf of the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), the Swiss College for Agriculture established the basis to foster oak species in Switzerland. For this, the growth areas of three oak species, common oak (Quercus robur), sessile oak (Q. petraea) and pubescent oak (Q. pubescens) were assessed throughout the entire country. The assessment was based on their physiological potential, their natural growth area and on the appearance of the middle spotted woodpecker. In addition, the older mixed oak stands were surveyed. These fundamental data were collected with a geographical information system and analyzed for each canton. Altogether, approximately one-fourth of the Swiss forest area is suitable for oak. The natural oak growth area covers however 38 500 ha only. About 19 000 ha of forest are populated by the middle spotted woodpecker and extended older mixed oak forests are found on approximately 24 500 ha. According to the applied evaluation matrix, the greatest potential for fostering oak species lies in eight cantons: Aargau, Zürich, Solothurn, Thurgau, Vaud, BaselLandschaft, Ticino and Schaffhausen.

Estimating native and invasive crayfish distributions in relation to culvert barriers with environmental DNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousuke Ikeda ◽  
Hideyuki Doi ◽  
Shigeharu Terui ◽  
Atsuko Kato ◽  
Takashi Mitsuzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Invasive Crayfish

scholarly journals Birth prevalence of tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency in China: data from the national newborn screening program, 2013–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuelian Yuan ◽  
Jun Zhu ◽  
Hanmin Liu ◽  
Liangcheng Xiang ◽  
Yongna Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
National Level ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Birth Prevalence ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Tetrahydrobiopterin Deficiency ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Northern Regions

Abstract Background Tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency (BH4D), a less common form of hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA), can lead to severe developmental retardation if untreated. Little has been reported on the prevalence of BH4D among live births worldwide. This study examined its prevalence across China and between geographical areas within the country. Methods We analyzed data from the Chinese national screening program for HPA in newborns between 2013 and 2019. BH4D prevalence was examined by province, region and the entire country. Provincial-level prevalence was estimated from the number of confirmed BH4D cases and screened newborns, after adjusting for HPA-positive recall rate. Regional- and national-level prevalences were estimated by summing provincial-level prevalences after weighting them by the number of live births. A Poisson distribution was assumed in order to calculate 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for prevalence. Results Among 107,078,115 newborns screened for HPA in China, 380 with BH4D were identified, corresponding to a total prevalence of 3.8 per 1,000,000 live births. Prevalence was higher in eastern regions (5.9 per 1,000,000) and northern regions (4.1 per 1,000,000) of China than in southern regions (1.6 per 1,000,000) or northwestern regions (1.7 per 1,000,000). Across the entire country, 3.9% cases of HPA were diagnosed as BH4D, and this proportion reached as high as 15.1% in the southern part of the country. Conclusions These first insights into BH4D prevalence across China suggest slightly higher prevalence than in other countries, and it varies substantially by region. More attention should be paid to early diagnosis and timely treatment of BH4D.

scholarly journals Locate your soundscape: interacting with the acoustic environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Orio ◽  
Berardina De Carolis ◽  
Francesco Liotard
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Initial Experiment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Acoustic Environment ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Interactive Map ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The City

AbstractAlthough overshadowed by visual information, sound plays a central role in how people perceive an environment. The effect of a landscape is enriched by its soundscape, that is, the stratification of all the acoustic sources that, often unconsciously, are heard. This paper presents a framework for archiving, browsing, and accessing soundscapes, either remotely or on-site. The framework is based on two main components: a web-based interface to upload and search the recordings of an acoustic environment, enriched by in- formation about geolocation, timing, and context of the recording; and a mobile app to browse and listen to the recordings, using an interactive map or GPS information. To populate the archive, we launched two crowdsourcing initiatives. An initial experiment examined the city of Padua’s soundscape through the participation of a group of undergraduate students. A broader experiment, which was proposed to all people in Italy, aimed at tracking how the nationwide COVID-19 lockdown was dramatically changing the soundscape of the entire country.

scholarly journals Modelling Stochastic Electricity Demand of Electric Vehicles Based on Traffic Surveys—The Case of Austria

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Albert Hiesl ◽  
Jasmine Ramsebner ◽  
Reinhard Haas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Trip Purpose ◽  
Entire Country ◽  
Electricity Load ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Model Based Analysis

Battery-powered electric mobility is currently the most promising technology for the decarbonisation of the transport sector, alongside hydrogen-powered vehicles, provided that the electricity used comes 100% from renewable energy sources. To estimate its electricity demand both nationwide and in individual smaller communities, a calculation based assessment on driving profiles that are as realistic as possible is required. The developed model based analysis presented in this paper for the creation of driving and thus electricity load profiles makes it possible to build different compositions of driving profiles. The focus of this paper lies in the analysis of motorised private transport, which makes it possible to assess future charging and load control potentials in a subsequent analysis. We outline the differences in demand and driving profiles for weekdays as well as for Saturdays, Sundays and holidays in general. Furthermore, the modelling considers the length distribution of the individual trips per trip purpose and different start times. The developed method allows to create individual driving and electric vehicle (EV) demand profiles as well as averaged driving profiles, which can then be scaled up and analysed for an entire country.

Behavioural responses of Australian freshwater crayfish (Cherax cainii and Cherax albidus) to exotic fish odour

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 399 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Height ◽  
G. J. Whisson
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Behavioural Plasticity ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Indigenous Species ◽  
Exotic Fish ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Invasive Crayfish ◽  
Australian Freshwater

Exotic finfish and crayfish have been translocated into Western Australia for more than 100 years. Deliberate stocking and subsequent escape from man-made impoundments have resulted in widespread distribution of non-native yabbies (Cherax albidus) and the exotic redfin perch (Perca fluviatilis) in the State’s south-west. Both species are considered invasive and are known to compete with indigenous species for resources. The nature and degree of impact on native marron (Cherax cainii) is unclear and the subject of current debate. Other researchers have hypothesised that invasive species modify their behaviour in the presence of predators in a more rapid and advantageous manner than native species. This greater behavioural plasticity can result in displacement of indigenous species and successful colonisation of invaders. The aim of this study was to investigate behavioural responses of an indigenous crayfish (C. cainii) and an invasive crayfish (C. albidus) to odours from a native predator (Tandanus bostocki) and an exotic predatory fish (P. fluviatilis) present in Western Australia. Crayfish behaviour was observed in individual glass tanks following the addition of odours from native (T. bostocki) or exotic (P. fluviatilis) finfish predators. Marron exhibited minor behavioural modifications when presented with odours from native or exotic finfish. In contrast, the invasive yabby showed greater detection of odours, displaying significant changes in behaviour (P < 0.05). Yabbies also appeared to distinguish between food odour (commercial crayfish feed) and predator odour; however, neither marron nor yabbies displayed behaviour indicating that they could distinguish between a native or exotic fish predator. Results support the hypothesis that invasive crayfish species have a greater capacity for behavioural plasticity than non-invasive crayfish.

The influence of evolution and plasticity on the behavior of an invasive crayfish

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey S. Reisinger ◽  
Ashley K. Elgin ◽  
Kevin M. Towle ◽  
David J. Chan ◽  
David M. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Crayfish

Second and Third Sessions of the Seventy-fifth Congress, 1937–38

1938 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1123
Author(s):  
O. R. Altman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Political Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Entire Country

The election returns of November, 1936, seemed to portray a democracy strongly united behind a leader and a program of action. It appeared that Franklin D. Roosevelt and his New Deal platform had been endorsed by nearly every interest and section in the United States, and an overwhelmingly Democratic Congress selected to enact into law those principles for which he “had just begun to fight.” Within six months, however, that unity started to disintegrate. Congress began to dissect carefully the program which the President proclaimed to be both beneficial for the entire country and politically prudent for the political party which he headed.

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