Two-phase synthesis of Fe-loaded hydrochar for As removal: The distinct effects of initial pH, reaction time and Fe/hydrochar ratio

The degradation of chlorpyriphos by different advanced oxidation processes such as photo-Fenton, TiO2, TiO2/H2O2, O3 and O3/H2O2 was investigated. The photo-Fenton and TiO2 processes were optimized using a solar chamber as light source. The optimum dosages of the photo-Fenton treatment were: [H2O2]=0.01 M; [Fe3 + ]=10 mg l−1; initial pH = 3.5. With these optimum conditions total degradation was observed after 15 minutes of reaction time. The application of sunlight was also efficient as total degradation was achieved after 60 minutes. The optimum dosage using only TiO2 as catalyst was 1,000 mg l−1, obtaining the maximum degradation at 20 minutes of reaction time. On the other hand, the addition of 0.02 M of H2O2 to a lower dosage of TiO2 (10 mg l−1) provides the same degradation. The ozonation treatment achieved complete degradation at 30 minutes of reaction time. On the other hand, it was observed that the degradation was faster by adding H2O2 (H2O2/O3 molar ratio = 0.5). In this case, total degradation was observed after 20 minutes.

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Effects of operational parameters on defluoridation efficiency using electrocoagulation process

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2011.015 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Behbahani ◽

M.R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽

M. Arami

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Anode Material ◽

Removal Efficiency ◽

Fluoride Concentration ◽

Fluoride Removal ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Applied Current ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Electrocoagulation Process ◽

Electrode Connection

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of operational parameters on fluoride removal using electrocoagulation method. For this purpose, various operational parameters including initial pH, initial fluoride concentration, applied current, reaction time, electrode connection mode, anode material, electrolyte salt, electrolyte concentration, number of electrodes and interelectrode distance were investigated. The highest defluoridation efficiency achieved at initial pH 6. In the case of initial fluoride concentration, maximum removal efficiency (98.5%) obtained at concentration of 25mg/l. The increase of applied current and reaction time improved defluoridation efficiency up to 99%. The difference of fluoride removal efficiencies between monopolar and bipolar series and monopolar parallel were significant, especially at reaction time of 5 min. When aluminum used as anode material, higher removal efficiency (98.5%) achieved compared to that of iron anode (67.7%). The best electrolyte salt was NaCl with the maximum defluoridation efficiency of 98.5% compared to KNO3 and Na2SO4. The increase of NaCl had no effect on defluoridation efficiency. Number of electrodes had little effect on the amounts of Al3+ ions released in the solution and as a result defluoridation efficiency. Almost the same fluoride removal efficiency obtained for different interelectrode distances.

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Photocatalytic Degradation of Naphthalene By UV/Zno: Kinetics, Influencing Factors and Mechanisms

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/370108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70

Author(s):

Aram Dokht Khatibi ◽

Kethineni Chandrika ◽

Ferdos Kord Mostafapour ◽

Ali Akbar Sajadi ◽

Davoud Balarak

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Contact Time ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Applied Study ◽

Batch System ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Conventional Wastewater Treatment

Conventional wastewater treatment is not able to effectively remove Aromatic hydrocarbons such as Naphthalene, so it is important to remove the remaining antibiotics from the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of UV/ZnOphotocatalytic process in removing naphthalene antibiotics from aqueous solutions.This was an experimental-applied study that was performed in a batch system on a laboratory scale. The variables studied in this study include the initial pH of the solution, the dose of ZnO, reaction time and initial concentration of Naphthalene were examined. The amount of naphthalene in the samples was measured using GC.The results showed that by decreasing the pH and decreasing the initial concentration of naphthalene and increasing the contact time, the efficiency of the process was developed. However, an increase in the dose of nanoparticles to 0.8 g/L had enhance the efficiency of the process was enhanced, while increasing its amount to values higher than 0.8 g/L has been associated with a decrease in removal efficiency.The results of this study showed that the use of UV/ZnOphotocatalytic process can be addressed as a well-organized method to remove naphthalene from aqueous solutions.

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Two-phase synthesis of hydrophobic ionic liquid-capped gold nanoparticles and their application for sensing cholesterol

Electrochimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.electacta.2014.03.142 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 465-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mingjun Dong ◽

Zhihan Nan ◽

Panpan Liu ◽

Yanjun Zhang ◽

Zhonghua Xue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Ionic Liquid ◽

Two Phase ◽

Phase Synthesis ◽

Hydrophobic Ionic Liquid

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Application of a Continuous Bipolar Mode Electrocoagulation (CBME) system for polishing distillery wastewater

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20199302005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 ◽

pp. 02005 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Madhuri Damaraju ◽

Debraj Bhattacharyya ◽

Tarun Panda ◽

Kiran Kumar Kurilla

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Current Density ◽

Optimal Point ◽

Suitable Alternative ◽

Toc Removal ◽

Bipolar Mode ◽

Recalcitrant Carbon ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Distillery Wastewater ◽

Experimental Values

A continuous bipolar mode electrocoagulation (CBME) unit was used in this study for polishing a biologically treated distillery wastewater at laboratory scale. This study focuses on optimizing the process for removal of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) from an anaerobically-treated distillery wastewater. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for optimizing the process. The study was conducted by varying three operating parameters: Initial pH (2-10), reaction time (0.5-15 min), and current density (13-40 A/sqm). High R-square values, above 0.9, were obtained with ANOVA. Optimal point was observed to be at pH-6.04, Reaction time-11.63 min, current density-39.2 A/sqm. Experimental values of TOC removal at optimal point were found to be 73% against maximum predicted value of 79%. Color removal efficiency was observed to be 85% at the optimal points. It can be concluded that CBME system can be a suitable alternative for removal of recalcitrant carbon and color post-biological treatment in distillery wastewaters.

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Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Products Derived from Xylose–Bovine Casein Hydrolysate Maillard Reaction: Impact of Reaction Time

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods8070242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 242 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kun Chen ◽

Jiajia Zhao ◽

Xiaohan Shi ◽

Qayum Abdul ◽

Zhanmei Jiang

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Maillard Reaction ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Casein Hydrolysate ◽

Size Exclusion ◽

Maillard Reaction Products ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Exclusion Chromatography ◽

Initial Ph

The characterization and antioxidant activity on Maillard reaction products (MRPs) derived from xylose and bovine casein hydrolysate (BCH) was investigated at 100 °C and initial pH 8.0 as a function of reaction time. The pH values and free amino groups contents of xylose–BCH MRPs remarkably decreased with the reaction time up to 8 h, whereas their browning intensities significantly increased (p < 0.05). After 4 h of heat treatment, the fluorescence properties of xylose–BCH MRPs reached the maximum. There was a production of higher and smaller molecular substances in xylose–BCH MRPs with an increased reaction time, as analyzed by size exclusion chromatography. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging capacity and ferrous reducing activity of xylose-BCH MRPs gradually increased with the reaction time extended from 0 to 8 h.

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Mechanistic Insights into the Brust–Schiffrin Two-Phase Synthesis of Organo-chalcogenate-Protected Metal Nanoparticles

Journal of the American Chemical Society ◽

10.1021/ja3021999 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 134 (14) ◽

pp. 6498-6498 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ying Li ◽

Oksana Zaluzhna ◽

Bolian Xu ◽

Yuan Gao ◽

Jacob M. Modest ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Nanoparticles ◽

Two Phase ◽

Phase Synthesis

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Synergetic Degradation of Zidovudine Wastewater by Ultrasonic and Iron-Carbon Micro-Electrolysis

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1949 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 347-353 ◽

pp. 1949-1952 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Liang Li ◽

Bing Zhe Xu ◽

Chang Yu Lin ◽

Xiao Min Hu

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Cod Removal ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Cod Removal Rate

Zidovudine wastewater is difficult to biodegradation due to high COD and toxicity. The synergetic treatment of Zidovudine wastewater by Ultrasonic and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology was studied. The influence of initial pH, reaction time, mass ratio of iron and carbon and mass ratio of iron and water on degradation rate of COD was researched. The result showed that the COD removal rate was only about 54.3% and the degradation speed is very slow when iron-carbon micro-electrolysis treated Zidovudine wastewater　separately. However, when ultrasonic synergy micro-electrolysis to treat Zidovudine wastewater, the COD removal rate could was up to 85% and the reaction time was also decreased. Moreover, the BOD5 / COD rose from 0.15 to 0.35, which meant the wastewater became easily biodegradable.

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