Sub-chronic toxicity study of arecae semen aqueous extract in Wistar rats

Olea europaea var. sylvestris, also named oleaster, is widely used by traditional medicine practitioners in Algeria to treat high blood pressure and diabetes. However, the antidiarrhoeal activity of this plant has not been scientifically evaluated. The main aim of the study deals with an investigation of three topics: the phytochemical screening, the acute toxicity, and antidiarrhoeal activity of the oleaster leaf aqueous extract. Acute oral toxicity study was carried out based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 guideline. The extract was orally administered in wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight and the animals were observed for mortality, behavioral changes and other abnormal signs. Qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents was carried out using standard methods developed by Harborne, Trease and Evans. Castor oil-induced diarrhoea tests and gastro intestinal motility assay were evaluated in rats to determine the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract. In the acute toxicity study, the extract did not induce death or any sign of toxicity in treated rats. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The oleaster extract at oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed a significant (P<0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity compared to the control group treated with castor oil induced diarrhoea, enteropooling and gastrointestinal motility assay, after charcoal meal administration. The oleaster leaf aqueous extract has shown a gradual response with increasing dose. The present study indicates that the oleaster leaf aqueous extract is safe with antidiarrhoeal property.

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A chronic toxicity study of cyadox in Wistar rats

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.yrtph.2010.11.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 324-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Xu Wang ◽

Qing-Hua He ◽

Yu-Lian Wang ◽

Awais Ihsan ◽

Ling-Li Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study

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Acute and sub-chronic toxicity study of diaveridine in Wistar rats

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.yrtph.2015.07.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 232-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xu Wang ◽

Shijia Su ◽

Awais Ihsan ◽

Qin Huang ◽

Dongmei Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study

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Toxicity Study of Potash Extract, “jar Kanwa”: An Earthy Material Consumed for Remedy of various Ailments in Northern Nigeria

Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.46912/jbrcp.120 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 197-201

Author(s):

A Rabiu ◽

S Malami

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Northern Nigeria ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii

Potash comprises potassium bearing minerals. These minerals are traditionally used for treatments of many ailments in Northern Nigeria with little knowledge of their safety profile. Acute toxicity (LD50) study of the potash extract was carried out on adults Wistar rats. Based on the result of LD50; four groups of Wistar rats; Group I, II, III and IV, each containing six males were formed. Group I was administered distilled water while group II was administered 20% (1,000 mg/kg) of the highest non-lethal dose. Group III and IV were administered 10% (500 mg/kg) and 5% (250 mg/kg) of the highest non-lethal dose respectively. These were done continuously for 28 days. Intakes of food and water were recorded daily while weights of animals were recorded weekly. There was no mortality at both phase 1& 2 of the LD50. Results of chronic toxicity revealed two mortalities recorded in group II. Acute toxicity studies of potash extract showed that it is generally safe but in sub-chronic toxicity study, the extract was lethal on the experimental animals at higher doses. Therefore, consumption of this earthy material on a long term basis should be discouraged due to its lethal effects on animal studies

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Psorospermum febrifugum Spach aqueous extract did not exhibit acute or sub-chronic toxicity. Experimental study on Wistar rats

International Journal of Biology ◽

10.5539/ijb.v11n4p123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

F Agbogba ◽

M Sènou ◽

AP Tchogou ◽

JE Lokonon ◽

TI Sacramento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Root Bark ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Function Tests

Psorospermum febrifugum Spach (Clusiaceae) was a tropical plant whose root bark was used to treat anemia. This work aimed to evaluate the safety of the ethyl acetate fraction of the aqueous extract of this bark. Methods: The ethyl acetate fraction of the extract was administered to Wistar rats in a single dose of 2000 mg / Kg body weight for acute oral toxicity test or daily doses of 200 mg / Kg of body weight during 28 days for sub-chronic oral toxicity test, as recommended by the OECD. At day 0, then at day 14 for the acute phase and day 28 for the sub-chronic phase, the rats were weighed and their blood collected for tests. The activity of transaminases AST and ALT were measured in the liver function tests, blood urea and creatinine were measured for renal function tests and blood leukocytes were counted for the immune balance. These analyzes were supplemented by the histology of the liver, kidneys and spleen, an immune organ. Results: In acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity tests, rat’s weight, liver, kidney and immune balances as well as these organs histology were not affected, suggesting the safety of the extract fraction. Conclusion: The ethyl acetate fraction of the aqueous extract of the root bark of Psorospermum febrifugum did not reveal any acute or sub-chronic oral toxicity. This effect could be related to its richness in flavonoids which have cytoprotective effects. The study of biological tolerance deserves to be continued by the chronic toxicity test and appropriate clinical trials.

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Aqueous extract of Senecio candicans DC induce liver and kidney damage in a sub-chronic oral toxicity study in Wistar rats

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.05.010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 79 ◽

pp. 25-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hariprasath Lakshmanan ◽

Jegadeesh Raman ◽

Arjun Pandian ◽

Kumaresan Kuppamuthu ◽

Raaman Nanjian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Kidney Damage ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Liver And Kidney Damage

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Sub Chronic Toxicity Study of ovally administrated Ganoderma Lucidum on Aorta in Wistar Rats

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/01.hjh.0000469857.46811.10 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. e37

Author(s):

Gregorius Didik Wicaksono S ◽

Djanggan Sargowo ◽

Mohammad Aris Widodo ◽

Titin Andri Wihastuti ◽

Teuku Heriansyah

Keyword(s):

Ganoderma Lucidum ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study

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Acute and sub chronic toxicity study of aqueous extract from the leaves and branches of Campomanesia velutina (Cambess) O. Berg

Journal of Ethnopharmacology ◽

10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.043 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 201 ◽

pp. 17-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Marcela Carolina de Paula Michel Araújo ◽

Neila Márcia Silva Barcellos ◽

Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira ◽

Thiago Magalhães Gouveia ◽

Martha Oliveira Guerra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Study

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Antihyperglycemic, Endothelial protection and Toxicity study of Basil Leaves Extract on Diabetic Rats

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (A) ◽

pp. 589-594

Author(s):

Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽

Rusdiana Rusdiana ◽

Maya Savira ◽

Rina Amelia

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Chronic Toxicity ◽

Endothelial Activation ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Activation Markers ◽

Toxicity Studies ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a serious debilitating global health problem in low- and middle-income countries with rising incidence of DM-related complications due to ineffective Diabetic control. Herbs of the Ocimum family, especially Ocimum basilicum or basil leaves, have been investigated for their antihyperglycemic properties. AIM: This study aimed to demonstrate the antihyperglycemic effect, endothelial protection, and toxicity of basil leaves on Diabetes-induced Wistar rats in vivo. METHODS: Streptozosin injections were used to induced diabetes in male Wistar rats. Basil leaves extracts 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg BW were introduced to diabetic rats. Blood glucose levels (BGL), soluble Advanced Glycation End, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Kidney and liver functions together with the histopathology reports were reported for acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity studies. RESULTS: Basil leaves exposure significantly lowers BGL (p < 0.00), but yielded no statistically significant difference between extract doses. Hemostatic parametersshowed significantly reduced endothelial dysfunction markers for all doses compared to control. Toxicity study yielded no differences between control and any doses of basil leaves in all acute, subacute, and chronic toxicity studies. Histopathological findings exhibited no evidence of tissue damage on the liver, kidney, heart, pancreas, lung, and lymph tissues in either control or experiment rats. CONCLUSIONS: Basil leaves exposure were positively associated with lower glucose level, lower endothelial activation markers on Diabetic rats. The toxicity and histopathological results of the extract are on par with control.

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