41  Macleaya cordata phytotherapic supplementation can modulate immune response in ponies fed a high starch diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 103504
Author(s):  
J.R.M. Ferreira ◽  
P.A. Ferraz ◽  
A.H. da Silva ◽  
A.M.C. Araújo Júnior ◽  
F.L. Bastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Starch Diet

scholarly journals Glucokinase is required for high‐starch diet‐induced β‐cell mass expansion in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhisa Tsuchida ◽  
Akinobu Nakamura ◽  
Hideaki Miyoshi ◽  
Kelaier Yang ◽  
Yuki Yamauchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mass ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Mass Expansion ◽  
Starch Diet

Glucose and fatty acid metabolism in cows producing milk of low fat content

1974 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Annison ◽  
R. Bickerstaffe ◽  
J. L. Linzell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acetate Production ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Starch Diet

SUMMARYThe effects of changing to a high starch: low roughage diet have been studied in two Friesian and two Jersey cows, surgically prepared for the simultaneous study of udder metabolism (arteriovenous difference x udder blood flow) and whole body turnover of milk precursors (isotope dilution).In the Friesian cows milk fat concentration was lower on the high starch diet but in the Jerseys fell only slightly in one animal. In both Friesians and in the one Jersey these changes were accompanied by an increase in total rumen VFA concentration. Rumen acetate concentration did not change but propionate doubled. Thus this confirms that the usually reported fall in ‘acetate:propionate ratio’ is due to a rise in propionate production rather than due to a fall in acetate production.There were significant falls in the blood concentrations of acetate and β-hydroxy-butyrate. The rate of extraction by the udder of acetate and β-hydroxybutyrate did not change but triglyceride extraction fell. Therefore since udder blood flow did not alter the uptake of all three fat precursors fell.The entry rate of glucose into the circulation and its contribution to total body CO2 increased. The entry rate and contribution to CO2 of acetate decreased but this was probably mainly due to a fall in endogenous acetate production by the body tissues. Plasma FFA concentration showed little change but the entry rate of palmitate fell on the high starch diet. There was also an increased proportion of unsaturated and trans fatty acids in the plasma and milk triglycerides.

scholarly journals Effect of Live Yeast Culture Supplementation on Fibrolytic and Saccharolytic Bacterial Populations in the Feces of Horses Fed a High-Fiber or High-Starch Diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 41-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo-Anne Mary Davina Murray ◽  
Sheena Brown ◽  
Peter O'Shaughnessy ◽  
Ana Monteiro ◽  
Helen Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Live Yeast ◽  
Starch Diet

Relation between dietary-induced increase of intestinal lactase activity and lactose digestion and absorption in adult rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (6) ◽  
pp. G729-G735
Author(s):  
J. Leichter ◽  
T. Goda ◽  
S. D. Bhandari ◽  
S. Bustamante ◽  
O. Koldovsky
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Lactase Activity ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Starch Diet

To study the relation between dietary-induced increase of intestinal lactase activity and lactose absorption, 11-wk-old rats were fed either a high-starch (70 cal%), low-fat (7 cal%) diet or a low-starch (5 cal%), high-fat (73 cal%) diet for 7 days. Food intake and body weight changes were similar in the two dietary groups. In the first experiment, lactose absorption was studied in vivo after oral administration of 600 mg lactose (10% solution in water with added [3H]PEG) to rats fasted for 16 h. Groups of rats were killed at time 0 and at 1-h intervals for the next 3 h. Lactase activity and lactose absorption were significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in the high-starch group than in the low-starch group. In the subsequent experiment, 9-wk-old rats were fed the two isocaloric diets for 3 days. By use of the everted sac technique, we have demonstrated a significantly higher absorption of monosaccharides from lactose in the high-starch diet group; also, glucose transport was higher in the high-starch diet-fed animals. When Tris, an inhibitor of lactase, was added into the mucosal fluid, absorption of lactose was abolished and no effect was seen on glucose absorption (in vivo and in vitro). In both experiments, significant linear regression was established between lactase activity and lactose absorption. Our results thus show that the increase in lactase activity, induced by feeding a high-starch diet to adult rats, is accompanied by an increased capacity to hydrolyze lactose and absorb the constituent monosaccharides.

High Pancreatic Amylase Expression Promotes Adiposity in Obesity-Prone Carbohydrate-Sensitive Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalila Azzout-Marniche ◽  
Catherine Chaumontet ◽  
Julien Piedcoq ◽  
Nadezda Khodorova ◽  
Gilles Fromentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Amylase Secretion ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Dietary Starch ◽  
Starch Diet

ABSTRACT Background We have reported large differences in adiposity (fat mass/body weight) gain between rats fed a low-fat, high-starch diet, leading to their classification into carbohydrate “sensitive” and “resistant” rats. In sensitive animals, fat accumulates in visceral adipose tissues, leading to the suggestion that this form of obesity could be responsible for rapid development of metabolic syndrome. Objective We investigated whether increased amylase secretion by the pancreas and accelerated starch degradation in the intestine could be responsible for this phenotype. Method Thirty-two male Wistar rats (7-wk-old) were fed a purified low-fat (10%), high-carbohydrate diet for 6 wk, in which most of the carbohydrate (64% by energy) was provided as corn starch. Meal tolerance tests of the Starch diet were performed to measure glucose and insulin responses to meal ingestion. Indirect calorimetry combined with use of 13C-labelled dietary starch was used to assess meal-induced changes in whole body and starch-derived glucose oxidation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess mRNA expression in pancreas, liver, white and brown adipose tissues, and intestine. Amylase activity was measured in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum contents. ANOVA and regression analyses were used for statistical comparisons. Results “Resistant” and “sensitive” rats were separated according to adiposity gain during the study (1.73% ± 0.20% compared with 4.35% ± 0.36%). Breath recovery of 13CO2 from 13C-labelled dietary starch was higher in “sensitive” rats, indicating a larger increase in whole body glucose oxidation and, conversely, a larger decrease in lipid oxidation. Amylase mRNA expression in pancreas, and amylase activity in jejunum, were also higher in sensitive rats. Conclusion Differences in digestion of starch can promote visceral fat accumulation in rats when fed a low-fat, high-starch diet. This mechanism may have important implications in human obesity.

Effect of live yeast supplementation on gastric ecosystem in horses fed a high-starch diet

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samy Julliand ◽  
Agathe Martin ◽  
Véronique Julliand
Keyword(s):  
High Starch ◽  
Live Yeast ◽  
Starch Diet

Dietary carbohydrates and amino acids influence oocyte quality in dairy heifers

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rooke ◽  
A. Ainslie ◽  
R. G. Watt ◽  
F. M. Alink ◽  
T. G. McEvoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Antral Follicle ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Starch Diet

The objective of the present experiment was to determine whether increasing plasma insulin by different nutritional regimes affects oocyte quality. Holstein dairy heifers (eight per treatment) were assigned, using a two times two factorial design, to diets containing either low or high dietary leucine and either low or high dietary starch. Each heifer underwent six sessions of ovum pick-up beginning 25 days after introduction of the diets. Oocyte quality was assessed by development to the blastocyst stage in synthetic oviducal fluid following in vitro fertilisation. Feeding diets containing high leucine resulted in significantly higher plasma free leucine and tyrosine concentrations. The high-starch diet significantly increased plasma insulin but not glucagon concentration, whereas high dietary leucine increased plasma glucagon but not insulin. Oocyte cleavage was not influenced by diet. The high-starch diet, which was associated with a high plasma insulin : glucagon ratio, had adverse effects on oocyte quality that were avoided when leucine intake was increased. There was an association between total plasma free amino acid concentration and oocyte cleavage. Therefore, in dairy heifers dietary amino acids and carbohydrates during antral follicle development appear to mediate effects on oocyte quality by different mechanisms. These findings have implications for both diet formulation and feeding regimes.

Effects of supplemental dietary bile acids on growth, liver function and immunity of juvenile largemouth bass（Micropterus salmoides）fed high-starch diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 602-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Ling Guo ◽  
Wen-Ming Kuang ◽  
Yun-Fei Zhong ◽  
Yue-Lang Zhou ◽  
Yong-Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Largemouth Bass ◽  
Micropterus Salmoides ◽  
High Starch ◽  
Starch Diet
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