scholarly journals St. Clair-Detroit River system: Phosphorus mass balance and implications for Lake Erie load reduction, monitoring, and climate change

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Scavia ◽  
Serghei A. Bocaniov ◽  
Awoke Dagnew ◽  
Colleen Long ◽  
Yu-Chen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
River System ◽  
Load Reduction ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Phosphorus Mass Balance

Modelling the Pathways of Toxic Contaminants in the St. Clair-Detroit River System Using the Toxfate Model: The Fate of Perchloroethylene

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraim Halfon
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
River System ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Local Water

Abstract Perchloroethylene (PERC) is a heavier-than-water, soluble and volatile solvent used primarily in the dry cleaning business. Black puddles (popularly known the the “blob”), containing several contaminants inducing PERC, were reported in the St. Clair River bottom sediments downstream from Sarnia in 1984 and in 1985. The TOXFATE model is used to predict the fate of PERC and the relative importance of volatilization in relation to water transport. Simulations show that in the St. Clair-Detroit River system about 82% (78-87%). under a variety of temperature and wind conditions) of the PERC loading is volatilized, about 17% (12-21%) of loading enters Lake Erie (more in winter, less in summer) and only about 1% remains in the system. The residence half life of PERC being transported in the water from Sarnia to Lake Erie is 350-400 hours and the half life of PERC being volatilized is 80-85 hours. A sensitivity analysis shows the importance of knowing the daily loadings to compute, in real time, local water concentrations following a PERC spill. The high water levels in the St. Clair River system do not influence the fate of PERC. Given the high volatility of PERC low temperatures and wind speeds do not reduce significantly the rate of removal of PERC from the system through volatilize nation.

Growth of submersed macrophyte communities in the St. Clair – Detroit river system between Lake Huron and Lake Erie

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1061-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald W. Schloesser ◽  
Thomas A. Edsall ◽  
Bruce A. Manny
Keyword(s):  
Lake Erie ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Seasonal Succession ◽  
River System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Species Succession ◽  
Major River ◽  
Study Sites

Growth of submersed aquatic macrophytes was determined from observation and on the basis of biomass of samples collected from April to November 1978 at seven study sites in a major river system of the Great Lakes, the St. Clair – Detroit river system between Lake Huron and Lake Erie. Growth usually began between April and June, peaked between July and October, and decreased by late November. Maximum biomass at six of the seven sites (118–427 g dry weight m−2) was similar or greater than that reported in other rivers at similar latitudes. Seasonal growth of the abundant taxa followed one of three seasonal patterns at each study site: one dominant taxon grew alone; codominant taxa grew sympatrically without species succession; and codominant taxa grew sympatrically with species succession. Differences in growth and seasonal succession of some taxa were apparently caused by the presence or absence of overwintering plant material, competition, and life-cycle differences.

scholarly journals Larval dispersal underlies demographically important intersystem connectivity in a Great Lakes yellow perch (Perca flavescens) population

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed M. Brodnik ◽  
Michael E. Fraker ◽  
Eric J. Anderson ◽  
Lucia Carreon-Martinez ◽  
Kristen M. DeVanna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larval Dispersal ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
River System ◽  
Juvenile Stage ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Western Lake ◽  
Western Lake Erie

Ability to quantify connectivity among spawning subpopulations and their relative contribution of recruits to the broader population is a critical fisheries management need. By combining microsatellite and age information from larval yellow perch (Perca flavescens) collected in the Lake St. Clair – Detroit River system (SC-DRS) and western Lake Erie with a hydrodynamic backtracking approach, we quantified subpopulation structure, connectivity, and contributions of recruits to the juvenile stage in western Lake Erie during 2006–2007. After finding weak (yet stable) genetic structure between the SC-DRS and two western Lake Erie subpopulations, microsatellites also revealed measurable recruitment of SC-DRS larvae to the juvenile stage in western Lake Erie (17%–21% during 2006–2007). Consideration of precollection larval dispersal trajectories, using hydrodynamic backtracking, increased estimated contributions to 65% in 2006 and 57% in 2007. Our findings highlight the value of complementing subpopulation discrimination methods with hydrodynamic predictions of larval dispersal by revealing the SC-DRS as a source of recruits to western Lake Erie and also showing that connectivity through larval dispersal can affect the structure and dynamics of large lake fish populations.

Loadings of Selected Chemicals into the St. Lawrence River System from Lake Ontario, 1986/87

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.K. Tsanis ◽  
J. Biberhofer ◽  
C.R. Murthy ◽  
A. Sylvestre
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
River System ◽  
Vertical Gradient ◽  
The South ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
The North ◽  
Loading Estimates ◽  
St Lawrence River

Abstract Determination of the mass output through the St. Lawrence River outflow system is an important component in computing mass balance of chemical loadings to Lake Ontario. The total flow rate in the St. Lawrence River System at the Wolfe Island area was calculated from detailed time series current meter measurements from a network of current meters and Lagrangian drifter experiments. This flow is roughly distributed in the ratio of 55% to 45% in the South and North channel, respectively. Loading estimates of selected chemicals have been made by combining the above transport calculations with the ongoing chemical monitoring data at the St. Lawrence outflow. A vertical gradient in the concentration of some organic and inorganic chemicals was observed. The measured concentration for some of the chemicals was higher during the summer months and also is higher in the South Channel than in the North Channel of the St. Lawrence River. These loading estimates are useful not only for modelling the mass balance of chemicals in Lake Ontario but also for serving as input loadings to the St. Lawrence River system from Lake Ontario.

scholarly journals Modeling impacts of climate change on crop yield and phosphorus loss in a subsurface drained field of Lake Erie region, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 103110
Author(s):  
Zhaozhi Wang ◽  
T.Q. Zhang ◽  
C.S. Tan ◽  
Lulin Xue ◽  
Melissa Bukovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Phosphorus Loss ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

scholarly journals Hydrology influences breeding time in the white-throated dipper

BMC Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna L. K. Nilsson ◽  
Thomas Skaugen ◽  
Trond Reitan ◽  
Jan Henning L’Abée-Lund ◽  
Marlène Gamelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Time Window ◽  
River System ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Environmental Indices ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
Breeding Time

Abstract Background Earlier breeding is one of the strongest responses to global change in birds and is a key factor determining reproductive success. In most studies of climate effects, the focus has been on large-scale environmental indices or temperature averaged over large geographical areas, neglecting that animals are affected by the local conditions in their home ranges. In riverine ecosystems, climate change is altering the flow regime, in addition to changes resulting from the increasing demand for renewable and clean hydropower. Together with increasing temperatures, this can lead to shifts in the time window available for successful breeding of birds associated with the riverine habitat. Here, we investigated specifically how the environmental conditions at the territory level influence timing of breeding in a passerine bird with an aquatic lifestyle, the white-throated dipper Cinclus cinclus. We relate daily river discharge and other important hydrological parameters, to a long-term dataset of breeding phenology (1978–2015) in a natural river system. Results Dippers bred earlier when winter river discharge and groundwater levels in the weeks prior to breeding were high, and when there was little snow in the catchment area. Breeding was also earlier at lower altitudes, although the effect dramatically declined over the period. This suggests that territories at higher altitudes had more open water in winter later in the study period, which permitted early breeding also here. Unexpectedly, the largest effect inducing earlier breeding time was territory river discharge during the winter months and not immediately prior to breeding. The territory river discharge also increased during the study period. Conclusions The observed earlier breeding can thus be interpreted as a response to climate change. Measuring environmental variation at the scale of the territory thus provides detailed information about the interactions between organisms and the abiotic environment.

scholarly journals On the characterization of glacier response by a single time-scale

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (159) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Harrison ◽  
D. H. Elsberg ◽  
K. A. Echelmeyer ◽  
R. M. Krimmel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Response Models ◽  
Single Time ◽  
Glacier Changes ◽  
Major Increase ◽  
Effect Of Surface

AbstractGlacier response to climate can be characterized by a single time-scale when the glacier changes sufficiently slowly. Then the derivative of volume with respect to area defines a thickness scale similar to that of Jóhannesson and others, and the time-scale follows from it. Our version of the time-scale is different from theirs because it explicitly includes the effect of surface elevation on mass-balance rate, which can cause a major increase in the time-scale or even lead to unstable response. The time constant has a dual role, controlling both the rate and magnitude of response to a given climate change. Data from South Cascade Glacier, Washington, U.S.A., illustrate the ideas, some of the difficulty in obtaining accurate values for the thickness and time-scales, and the susceptibility of all response models to potentially large errors.

scholarly journals Reanalysing glacier mass balance measurement series

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1227-1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zemp ◽  
E. Thibert ◽  
M. Huss ◽  
D. Stumm ◽  
C. Rolstad Denby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Error Estimation ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Systematic Errors ◽  
Glacier Mass Balance ◽  
Uncertainty Estimates ◽  
Measurement Series

Abstract. Glacier-wide mass balance has been measured for more than sixty years and is widely used as an indicator of climate change and to assess the glacier contribution to runoff and sea level rise. Until recently, comprehensive uncertainty assessments have rarely been carried out and mass balance data have often been applied using rough error estimation or without consideration of errors. In this study, we propose a framework for reanalysing glacier mass balance series that includes conceptual and statistical toolsets for assessment of random and systematic errors, as well as for validation and calibration (if necessary) of the glaciological with the geodetic balance results. We demonstrate the usefulness and limitations of the proposed scheme, drawing on an analysis that comprises over 50 recording periods for a dozen glaciers, and we make recommendations to investigators and users of glacier mass balance data. Reanalysing glacier mass balance series needs to become a standard procedure for every monitoring programme to improve data quality, including reliable uncertainty estimates.

scholarly journals Forecasting the combined effects of anticipated climate change and agricultural conservation practices on fish recruitment dynamics in Lake Erie

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1487-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Dippold ◽  
Noel R. Aloysius ◽  
Steven Conor Keitzer ◽  
Haw Yen ◽  
Jeffrey G. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Agricultural Conservation ◽  
Fish Recruitment
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