Sensitivity of urban flood simulations to stormwater infrastructure and soil infiltration

2020 ◽  
Vol 588 ◽  
pp. 125028
Author(s):  
Afrin Hossain Anni ◽  
Sagy Cohen ◽  
Sarah Praskievicz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Simulations

ANN based Scaling of Rainfall Data for Urban Flood Simulations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Ashok Rangari ◽  
K. Veerendra Gopi ◽  
Umamahesh V Nanduri ◽  
Roshan Bodile
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Data ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Simulations

scholarly journals Study on the influence of infiltration on flood propagation with different peak shape coefficients and duration

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingming Hou ◽  
Zhaoan Zhang ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Baoshan Shi ◽  
Guangzhao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Peak Shape ◽  
Maximum Difference ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Flood Duration ◽  
Inundation Area ◽  
Flood Simulations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Traditional flood simulations fail to properly consider the impact of soil infiltration in floodplain areas with high soil infiltration rates. Notably, ignoring soil infiltration will lead to considerable uncertainty in flood simulations. In this paper, a fully hydrodynamic model coupled with the Green–Ampt infiltration model was used. Taking a natural reach in northern China (HTH in this paper) as a case study, observed flood discharge data were used to analyze the influence of soil infiltration on flood propagation based on the flood propagation simulation results for various inflow conditions. The maximum difference of inundation area is about 25%. The results show that soil infiltration has little effect on the inundation area during the rising stage of a flood. In the late period of a flood, the inundation area considering the effect of infiltration is smaller than that without infiltration, and the smaller the peak coefficient is, the longer the flood duration is, the larger the impact of infiltration on the inundation area. When the peak shape coefficient is 0.42 and the flood duration is 44.4 h, the maximum difference of the inundation area is about 28%. The research results provide a reference for flood management and post-disaster rescue efforts.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Building Representations in TELEMAC-2D for Flood Inundation in Idealized Urban Districts

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Liu ◽  
Mei ◽  
Shao ◽  
Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Urban Districts ◽  
Mesh Resolution ◽  
Flood Simulations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

This study aims to better understand the impact of different building representations and mesh resolutions on urban flood simulations using the TELEMAC-2D model in idealized urban districts. A series of numerical models based on previous laboratory experiments was established to simulate urban flooding around buildings, wherein different building layouts (aligned and staggered) were modeled for different building representations: building–hole (BH), building–block (BB), and building–resistance (BR) methods. A sensitivity analysis of the Manning coefficient for building grids indicated that the unit-width discharge and water depth in building grids reduce as the Manning coefficient is less than 104 m-1/3⋅s. The simulated depths via the BH, BB, and BR methods were compared with the measured data in terms of three accuracy indicators: root mean square error, Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient, and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency. Observing apparent discrepancies based on the hydrographs was difficult; however, some slight distinctions were observed based on the aforementioned three indicators. The sensitivity of 1, 2, and 5 cm mesh resolutions was also analyzed: results obtained using 1 cm resolution were better than those obtained using other resolutions. The complex flow regime around buildings was also investigated based on mesh resolution, velocity, and Froude number according to our results. This study provides key data regarding urban flood model benchmarks, focusing on the effect of different building representations and mesh resolutions.

scholarly journals Collaborative Development of Green Infrastructure: Urban Flood Control Measures on Small-Scale Private Lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-468
Author(s):  
Fumiko Taura ◽  
Masaki Ohme ◽  
Yukihiro Shimatani ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Focusing on green infrastructure (GI), which utilizes nature’s diverse resources, we developed urban flood control measures on three small-scale private tracts in Tokyo and Fukuoka in Japan, experiencing high rainfall. In addition, we implemented these measures and verified the possibility of introduction. Using a target rainfall of 100 mm/h and previous rainfall data, we set our goal of reducing runoff from each site below the capacity of a public sewage pipe. Implementation was conducted by assessing the soil infiltration rate and developing and installing rain gardens and storage layers using crushed stones. These measures satisfied the initially set goals, drastically reducing runoff at all three sites. The target installation cost was set at 100,000 yen per cubic meter of runoff reduction. The target costs were met in the two Fukuoka sites but not at the Tokyo site. The key reasons were the high costs of removing non-permeable surfaces or improving the soil of compacted surfaces, which called for a process to balance the runoff reduction and cost to determine the most effective plan for implementing GI in urban areas. The development and implementation processes were conducted in collaboration with the house owners and concerned parties; the workshops produced constructive ideas being unconstrained by conventional thinking. Visitors highly appreciated ideas related to using water because the techniques were derived from the Japanese culture of lifestyle. Thus, introducing attractive and effective GI may be possible through collaboration. Additionally, sharing experiences led to the formation of new community ties, supporting post-implementation site maintenance.

Multi-layered coarse grid modelling in 2D urban flood simulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 470-471 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert S. Chen ◽  
Barry Evans ◽  
Slobodan Djordjević ◽  
Dragan A. Savić
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Grid ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Simulations

SURFACE WATER INFILTRATION BASED APPROACH FOR URBAN FLOOD SIMULATIONS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLOS MARTÍNEZ ◽  
ARLEX SANCHEZ ◽  
ZORAN VOJINOVIC ◽  
OSCAR HERNANDEZ
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Simulations

scholarly journals Modeling Urban Flood Inundation and Recession Impacted by Manholes

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merhawi GebreEgziabher ◽  
Yonas Demissie
Keyword(s):  
Drainage System ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Storm Event ◽  
Flood Inundation ◽  
Water Drainage ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Simulations ◽  
Flooding Events

Urban flooding, caused by unusually intense rainfall and failure of storm water drainage, has become more frequent and severe in many cities around the world. Most of the earlier studies focused on overland flooding caused by intense rainfall, with little attention given to floods caused by failures of the drainage system. However, the drainage system contributions to flood vulnerability have increased over time as they aged and became inadequate to handle the design floods. Adaption of the drainages for such vulnerability requires a quantitative assessment of their contribution to flood levels and spatial extent during and after flooding events. Here, we couple the one-dimensional Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) to a new flood inundation and recession model (namely FIRM) to characterize the spatial extent and depth of manhole flooding and recession. The manhole overflow from the SWMM model and a fine-resolution elevation map are applied as inputs in FIRM to delineate the spatial extent and depth of flooding during and aftermath of a storm event. The model is tested for two manhole flooding events in the City of Edmonds in Washington, USA. Our two case studies show reasonable match between the observed and modeled flood spatial extents and highlight the importance of considering manholes in urban flood simulations.

Urban Flood Mapping

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Riyanto ◽  
Lestari Margatama
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Satisfying Condition ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Data ◽  
Recent Occurrence ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Digital Elevation Model Data ◽  
Potential Area

The recent degradation of environment quality becomes the prime cause of the recent occurrence of natural disasters. It also contributes in the increase of the area that is prone to natural disasters. Flood history data in Jakarta shows that flood occurred mainly during rainy season around January – February each year, but the flood area varies each year. This research is intended to map the flood potential area in DKI Jakarta by segmenting the Digital Elevation Model data. The data used in this research is contour data obtained from DPP–DKI with the resolution of 1 m. The data processing involved in this research is extracting the surface elevation data from the DEM, overlaying the river map of Jakarta with the elevation data. Subsequently, the data is then segmented using watershed segmentation method. The concept of watersheds is based on visualizing an image in three dimensions: two spatial coordinates versus gray levels, in which there are two specific points; that are points belonging to a regional minimum and points at which a drop of water, if placed at the location of any of those points, would fall with certainty to a single minimum. For a particular regional minimum, the set of points satisfying the latter condition is called the catchments basin or watershed of that minimum, while the points satisfying condition form more than one minima are termed divide lines or watershed lines. The objective of this segmentation is to find the watershed lines of the DEM image. The expected result of the research is the flood potential area information, especially along the Ciliwung river in DKI Jakarta.

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