“I stewed over that number set for like an hour last night”: Purposeful selection of numbers for fraction story problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 100909
Author(s):  
Susan B. Empson ◽  
Gladys H. Krause ◽  
Victoria R. Jacobs
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Blusiewicz

Based on the late medieval leather artefacts from Puck, Gniew, Lębork and Chojnice, an attempt was made to assess the level of shoemaking production at that time. Microscopic analyses of leather goods and production waste proved that in the field of tanning the activities related to the mechanical treatment of leather were carefully performed, although with insufficient professional knowledge concerning the process. The results of the identification of the animal origin of the leather confirmed the purposeful selection of raw material with different properties for individual footwear elements and the ability to properly cut it. The quality of the shoemaking products was highly rated in terms of technology and style. However, in the analysed collections a clearly perceptible difference in craftsmanship and assortment of products from Gniew and the other three towns was noticed.


SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402093253
Author(s):  
Bruno F. Abrantes

Internationalization is a theme of great interest to practitioners worldwide, intensified by the increasing business environmental turbulence in last decades. The latter led to the proliferation and expanding of research into new areas, while neoclassic archetypes were conversely dubbed as, supposedly “old-fashioned.” In this context, a review article aims at breaking with such dogma, rejuvenating prior knowledge, and contextualizing it in current time. Hence, this research focus on a seminal framework, the well-known Uppsala Model, purposively selected as being an exception, as it keeps capturing the interest of scholars and is still one of the most cited frameworks in this area. Thus, a theoretical review addresses the evolution of the model in the aftermath of more than 40 years of research, and contextualizes it within the state-of-the-art of internationalization-related theories. An integrative review process is applied to a purposeful selection of descending frameworks of the model, circumscribed to the last decade (2009–2019). An enduring utility is positively observed, grounded on a reactive adaption purpose. In parallel, a shift is assisted from the neoclassic paradigm to a behavioral paradigm pillared on a capability-building logic for the adaption toward volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environments. This led to the extension of the Uppsala paradigm from a pure internationalization process model to enter the realm of the international capabilization framework.


Author(s):  
Zoran Bursac ◽  
C Heath Gauss ◽  
David Keith Williams ◽  
David W Hosmer

Author(s):  
Clayton D. Rothwell ◽  
Griffin D. Romigh ◽  
Brian D. Simpson ◽  
Eric R. Thompson

Listeners can use vocal features of speech to help segregate a target talker from a field of different- voiced speech maskers. However, recent research also suggests that acoustic features (such as those responsible for identity) are stored with speech’s lexical content in episodic memory and can be beneficial in some non-overlapping speech perception tasks as well (e.g., Goldinger, 1996). This paired-voice benefit may have implications for speech displays and dialog systems since purposeful selection of the speaker’s voice is possible, unlike in most live speech communication tasks. In the current experiments, we investigated if manipulating voice identity could improve performance in three complex listening situations relevant to speech displays: extraction of information from background speech, listening while simultaneously speaking, and keeping track of multiple agents’ states. Results indicate that the benefits of individualized voices seen in the episodic memory literature do not translate to the current, more complex, speech tasks.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Akhmad Jazuli ◽  
Muhimmatul Lathifah

This study aims to describe the ability of mathematical problem solving in solving story problems in terms of the extrovert introvert personality types of SMP N 6 Rembang students on a two-variable linear equation system. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The subjects in this study were students of class VIIIB SMP N 6 Rembang. Selection of Respondents used a purposive sampling technique consisting of three students for each personality type. Data collection techniques using questionnaires, tests, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques with data presentation steps, data reduction and conclusions. The results showed that the problem-solving ability for (1) extroverted students: were able to  understand the problem and were able to explain again in their own language, were able to draw up a problem-solving plan, were able to carry out calculations and writing very neatly, were able to check the results obtained, ( 2) introverted  students: have been able to understand the problem but have not been able to explain again with their own language, have been able to draw up a problem solving plan and are able to do calculations even though the writing is still messy, in general do not re-check the answers he has obtained.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Landy ◽  
David Brookes ◽  
Ryan Smout

We propose that construction processes involve an alignment of notational structures across representation systems, biasing reasoners toward the selection of formal notations that maintain the visuo-spatial structure of source representations. For example, in the statement “There are five elephants for every three rhinoceroses,” the spatial proximity of “five” and “elephants; and “three” and “rhinoceroses” will bias reasoners to write the incorrect expression 5E = 3R because that expression maintains the spatial relationships encoded in the source representation. In three experiments, participants construct equations with given structure, based on story problems with a variety of phrasings. We demonstrate how the notational alignment approach accounts naturally for a variety of previously reported phenomena in equation construction, and successfully predicts error patterns that are not accounted for by prior explanations such as the “left to right transcription heuristic.”


1938 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 301-305

The death of Dr. E. H. Kettle, Professor of Pathology at the London Post-graduate School of Medicine, came at the height of his powers and at a time when his influence and authority in scientific medicine gave promise of increasing value. Edgar Hartley Kettle was born in London on 20 April, 1882. He died 1 December, 1936, at the age of 54 after a long and finally painful illness. He was educated at Skipton Grammar School and while at school, as a result of an affection of the knee, suffered the first of his physical handicaps, a shortened and rigid leg. After leaving school he studied medicine in London in St. Mary ’s Hospital, graduating M.B ., B.S. in 1907 and M.D. 1910. He was appointed Pathologist to the Cancer Hospital, Fulham, in 1907, and during his tenure of this post conceived and carried out the plan of his first work, The Pathology of Tumours . This useful little handbook is important for his development, from the series of figures drawn by himself. The main advantage he himself claimed from the venture was the discipline of purposeful selection of representative fields, rigid exclusion of irrelevant detail, and unambiguous draughtsmanship. It is still, after twenty-five years, a useful and shrewd summary of the fundamental problems of tumour pathology. In 1912 he returned to the pathological department of St. Mary ’s Hospital as assistant to Spilsbury and succeeded him as Lecturer on Pathology in the Medical School in 1918. During the War, Kettle acted as Pathologist to the 3rd London General Hospital in addition to his duties as Pathologist to St. Mary’s Hospital. Unofficially nothing came amiss to him ; he acted as Superintendent of the Hospital when that overworked official finally required a holiday, and he edited, and largely wrote, the student’s Journal when it threatened to lapse.


Author(s):  
Adam Harasim ◽  
Andrzej Madej ◽  
Andrzej Górnik

The objective of the study was to survey the opinion of the operators of different types agricultural of farms (cattle, pig, mixed, and crop farms) situated in the regions of Mazowsze and Podlasie regarding the issue of innovations in agriculture. The aim of the study was to learn about the sources of information on innovations in agriculture and about the demand for agricultural counseling. Purposeful selection of the sample was used and farmers’ opinions were surveyed by the query method. Pro-innovative attitudes were shown by the majority of the owners of cattle and crop farms. The owners of all types of farms usually drew upon the following sources of information: ODR (Agricultural Advisory Centres) extension officers, technical journals, training courses, internet and television. Livestock farms (cattle and pig farms) showed a greater demand for extension services that did mixed production farms. Of the extension services present, consulting by ODR’s workers and by agricultural agencies were in the greatest demand.


Numeracy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irmayanti ◽  
Rohani ◽  
Laili Habibah Pasaribu ◽  
Indah Fitria Rahma ◽  
Rahmi Nazliah

This research is a descriptive qualitative research which aims to describe the students 'ability in solving story problems in terms of students' mathematical reasoning and communication abilities. Reasoning and communication abilities can be identified by solving story problems on two-variable linear equation material based on reasoning and communication indicators in research, namely (1) proposing conjectures, (2) stating everyday events in language or mathematical symbols, (3) estimating answer and solution process, (4) draw conclusions, compile evidence and provide reasons for the correctness of the solution. The selection of the research subjects used a purposive sampling technique. The data collection method was the test method through 3 steps of analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the students' ability in solving story problems in terms of mathematical reasoning and communication abilities was classified as moderate with the average percentage of each indicator, namely: 77% of the indicators proposed a guess; 73% of indicators represent everyday events in language or mathematical symbols; 66% on indicators predicted the answer and solution process; and 50% on indicators draw logical conclusions. Overall, the percentage results obtained an average of 66% in the medium category. From these results it can be concluded that the ability to solve story problems of class X students of SMK Dwi Guna Kampung Pajak in terms of mathematical reasoning and communication abilities of students is classified as moderate. Abstrak Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi matematis siswa. Kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi dapat diidentifikasi dagan menyelesaikan soal cerita pada materi persamaan linier dua variable yang dibuat berdasarkan indikator penalaran dan komunikasi dalam penelitian yaitu (1) mengajukan dugaan, (2) menyatakan peristiwa sehari-hari dalam bahasa atau simbol matematika, (3) memperkirakan jawaban dan proses solusi, (4) menarik kesimpulan, menyusun bukti dan memberikan alasan terhadap kebenaran solusi. Pemilihan subjek penelitian ini menggunakan teknik  purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data dengan metode tes melalui 3 langkah analisis yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi matematis tergolong sedang dengan hasil rata-rata persentase tiap indikator yaitu: 77% pada indikator mengajukan dugaan; 73% pada indikator menyatakan peristiwa sehari-hari dalam bahasa atau simbol matematika; 66% pada indikator memperkirakan jawaban dan proses solusi; dan 50% pada indikator menarik kesimpulan yang logis. Secara keseluruhan hasil persentase didapat rata-rata sebesar 66% masuk kategori sedang. Dari hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan menyelesaikan soal cerita siswa kelas X SMK Dwi Guna Kampung Pajak ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran dan komunikasi matematis siswa tergolong berkemampuan sedang. Kata Kunci:  Kemampuan Penalaran dan Komunikasi, Kualitatif Deskriptif, Menyelesaikan Soal Cerita, Dwi Guna Kampung Pajak


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