Maternal diets enriched in olive oil regulate lipid metabolism and levels of PPARs and their coactivators in the fetal liver in a rat model of gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exhibit altered placental lipid metabolism. The molecular basis of this altered metabolism is not clear. Altered placental expression of proteins of lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation may be involved in the placental accumulation of triacylglycerols (TG). The present study was aimed at investigating the differential expressions of placental proteins related to lipid metabolism among GDM women in comparison with control pregnant women (CPW) and to correlate them with maternal and fetal lipid parameters as well as altered fetal growth. Materials and Methods Maternal blood, cord blood, and placental samples were collected from GDM and CPW. The biochemical parameters, glucose, lipid profile and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured. The placental TG content was measured. Differential placental expressions of proteins; phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) p85α, PI3K p110α,liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), sterol regulatory element binding protein1(SREBP1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), stearyl CoA desaturase1 (SCD1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL),Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α and PPARγ were analysed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Placental protein expressions of PI3K p110α, LXRα, FAS, SCD1, and LPL were found to be significantly higher, whereas PPARα and PPARγ were lower in GDM women compared with CPW. The placental TG content and cord plasma FFA were increased in GDM women compared with CPW. The placental TG content positively correlated with Ponderal index of GDM new-borns. Conclusion Differential expressions of placental proteins related to lipid metabolism in GDM might have led to placental TG accumulation. This might have contributed to the fetal overgrowth in GDM.

Download Full-text

Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus as Cause of Insulin Resistance

Gestational Diabetes - Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment ◽

10.5772/55634 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexander E.

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Download Full-text

Influence of Glycemic Control on Coagulation and Lipid Metabolism in Pregnancies Complicated by Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - Advances in Biomedicine ◽

10.1007/5584_2019_382 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 81-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Justyna Teliga-Czajkowska ◽

Jacek Sienko ◽

Julia Zareba-Szczudlik ◽

Aneta Malinowska-Polubiec ◽

Ewa Romejko-Wolniewicz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Download Full-text

Gestational diabetes mellitus causes dyslipidemia in late trimester: mini review

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20195600 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 453

Author(s):

Poonguzhalai S. ◽

Kalyanikutty K. P.

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Peripheral Tissues ◽

Management Protocol

The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing rapidly worldwide. Many women with gestational diabetes mellitus are likely to have type 2 diabetes. With the extensive management protocol for GDM we are able to obtain a good glycaemic control but still excess morbidity prevails among GDM pregnancy compared to normal pregnancy. This may be due to the dysfunction of lipid metabolism. Changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism occur during pregnancy to ensure a continuous supply of nutrients to the growing fetus despite intermittent maternal food intake. Exaggerated reduction in insulin sensitivity in the peripheral tissues combined with peripheral adipose tissue lipolysis in GDM pregnancy than normal pregnancy results in increased maternal lipoprotein concentrations and elevated lipoprotein triglyceride content. An altered lipid profile on the maternal side would modulate the quantity and quality of lipids being transferred to the fetus. Hypertriacylglycerolemia in gestational diabetes mellitus has been related to a significant risk of having neonates that are large for gestational age and it is considered as a major cause of preeclampsia in the late gestational age. So, the recent researchers emphasize on targeting lipid metabolism in pregnant women with GDM to avoid the adverse outcomes of pregnancy.

Download Full-text