Genotypic diversity of Streptococcus mutans in children with and without early childhood caries- A systematic review

Background:The aim of this study was to analyze the synergistic relationship betweenCandida albicansandStreptococcus mutansin children with early childhood caries (ECC) experience.Methods:Dental plaque and unstimulated saliva samples were taken from 30 subjects aged 3-5 years old, half with (n=15, dmft > 4) and half without (n=15) ECC. The abundance ofC. albicansandS. mutansand relative to total bacteria load were quantify by real-time PCR (qPCR). This method was also employed to investigate the mRNA expression of glycosyltransferase (gtfB) gene in dental plaque. Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation were used to perform statistical analysis.Results:Within the ECC group, the quantity of both microorganisms were higher in the saliva than in dental plaque. The ratio ofC. albicansto total bacteria was higher in saliva than in plaque samples (p < 0.05). We observed the opposite forS. mutans(p < 0.05). The different value ofC. albicansandS. mutansin saliva was positively correlated, and negatively correlated in dental plaque. Transcription level ofS. mutans gtfBshowed a positive correlation withC. albicansconcentration in dental plaque. Conclusion:C. albicanshas a positive correlation with cariogenic traits ofS. mutansin ECC-related biofilm of young children.

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Streptococcus Mutans Strains in Mother-Child Pairs of Children with Early Childhood Caries

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-43.4.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 252-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Priya Subramaniam ◽

Revathy Suresh

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Mutans Streptococci ◽

Similar Distribution ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Only Children ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Childhood Caries

Objective: Dental caries is both an infectious and transmissible disease. Maternal transfer of Mutans Streptococci occurs at an early age and is important in the initiation of dental caries in children. The aim of this study was to identify certain strains of Streptococcus mutans in mother-child pairs, of children with early childhood caries. Study design: Sixty mother-child pairs of healthy children aged 18–36 months were selected. Mothers with high levels of Streptococcus mutans in their saliva and only children with ECC were included. Dental plaque samples were collected from mother-child pairs. The plaque samples were stored, transferred to the laboratory and analyzed for Streptococcus mutans strains c, f, e and k, present in mother-child pairs using Real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. Data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis for level of similarity in Streptococcus mutans strains present in mother-child pairs. Results: A similar distribution of Streptococcus mutans strains c, f and k was identified in 28 mother-child pairs. Streptococcus mutans strain e was seen in 18 pairs. Conclusion: Less than 50% of mother-child pairs showed similarity in distribution of Streptococcus mutans strains.

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Association of Feeding Methods and Streptococcus mutans Count with Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-sectional Study

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1420 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 119-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Manjunath P Puranik ◽

Deepa Bullappa ◽

KR Sowmya ◽

T Nagarathnamma

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mothers And Children ◽

Feeding Methods ◽

Childhood Caries

ABSTRACT Introduction Early childhood caries (ECC) is a virulent form of dental caries that can destroy the primary dentition of toddlers and preschool children. The aim was to determine the relationship of feeding methods and oral Streptococcus mutans count in 3- to 5-year-old children with ECC. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 3 to 5 years. Participating mothers were interviewed regarding child's demographic profile, educational level and socioeconomic status of parents, past medical and dental history of the mother and child, child's feeding habits, and dietary habits and oral hygiene practices of mother and child. Clinical examination for dental caries was done using the World Health Organization criteria (1997). Salivary samples of mother–child pair were collected to determine the pH, flow rate, and S. mutans count. Statistical tests, such as Student's t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation were applied. Results Out of 150 mother–child pair, statistically significant difference in the caries experience was found between mothers and children with high and low S. mutans count. Moderate but statistically significant negative correlation was found between mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth of mothers and mean decayed, extracted and filled teeth (deft) of children with high S. mutans count. Regarding deft, there was no statistically significant difference between children who were exclusively breast fed (7.85 ± 2.94), exclusively bottle-fed (8.67 ± 3.98), and both breast and bottle-fed (7.77 ± 2.91). Conclusion The mean caries experience of mothers and children was 2.66 ± 2.01 and 7.82 ± 2.94 respectively, with decayed component being maximum. Moderate and significant correlation (r = 0.5) was found between S. mutans of mothers and children in saliva. Significant negative correlation was found between mothers and children with high S. mutans count (r = –0.0284; p = 0.046). How to cite this article Bullappa D, Puranik MP, Sowmya KR, Nagarathnamma T. Association of Feeding Methods and Streptococcus mutans Count with Early Childhood Caries: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):119-125.

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Association between Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans among 3–5-year-old children with early childhood caries: A cross-sectional study

Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry ◽

10.4103/jiaphd.jiaphd_80_17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

F Farhanaz ◽

R Yashoda ◽

ML Kalayadhav ◽

ManjunathP Puranik

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Caries

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Early Childhood Caries and Iron Deficiency Anaemia : A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000520442 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Harshini Nivetha Easwaran ◽

Anitha Annadurai ◽

M.S. Muthu ◽

Aruna Sharma ◽

Sneha S. Patil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Childhood Caries

Identification of the association between Early Childhood Caries (ECC) and Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) will aid pediatricians and pediatric dentists to enhance health promotion measures to reduce the related morbidity in children. This systematic review aims to determine an evidence based association between ECC and IDA. A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Cochrane Oral Health Group’s Specialised Register, CINAHL via EBSCO, Web of Science and Scopus up to May 2020. Hand searching and grey literature screening were also conducted. Cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies in English language which assessed the association was included. Two reviewers independently assessed the study quality and extracted the outcome data. A total of 1434 studies were identified. Fourteen studies qualified for qualitative review and seven of them for a meta-analysis. In comparison with children not affected by ECC, those affected had an increased likelihood of IDA (OR = 6.07 (3.61, 10.21). The meta- analysis showed no statistical difference when comparing blood parameters (Hb, MCV and Serum ferritin) in children with and without ECC. This systematic review demonstrates an association between ECC and increased odds of IDA rather than it being the cause for IDA. Further longitudinal studies with robust methodology are required to determine an evidence based association.

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Streptococcus mutans isolated from children with severe-early childhood caries form higher levels of persisters

Archives of Oral Biology ◽

10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.104601 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 104601 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Aaron Bottner ◽

Richard Y. He ◽

Andrea Sarbu ◽

S.M. Hashim Nainar ◽

Delphine Dufour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

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Motivational interviewing for preventing early childhood caries: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology ◽

10.1111/cdoe.12578 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 10-16

Author(s):

Beatriz Carriconde Colvara ◽

Daniel Demétrio Faustino‐Silva ◽

Elisabeth Meyer ◽

Fernando Neves Hugo ◽

Roger Keller Celeste ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Childhood Caries

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Longitudinal Evaluation of Salivary Iga-S in Children with Early Childhood Caries Before and After Restorative Treatment

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-43.4.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 239-243 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aline dos Santos Letieri ◽

Liana Bastos Freitas-Fernandes ◽

Ana Paula Canedo Valente ◽

Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo ◽

Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de Souza

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Streptococcus Mutans ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Total Protein ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Dental Treatment ◽

Restorative Treatment ◽

Lactobacillus Spp ◽

Childhood Caries

Background: Our aim was to compare salivary levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (s-IgA) in children with early childhood caries (ECCG) and those who are caries-free (CFG) and verify these levels in a follow-up period after restorative treatment. Materials and methods: We selected 46 systemically healthy children in the complete primary dentition period, who were allocated into two groups: CFG (n = 23) and ECCG (dmf-s > 0; n = 23). Unstimulated whole saliva was obtained at baseline from both groups and during the follow-up period (7 days, 1, 2 and 3 months) in the ECCG group. The s-IgA was measured using an ELISA assay, and total protein was assessed using the Bradford method. We also evaluated the flow rate (mL/min), Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. counting using selective media plaques. The data were submitted to statistical analysis using the software SPSS 20.0 (SPSS Inc, IL, USA) with a confidence interval set at 95%. Results: Salivary s-IgA levels were higher in baseline of ECCG than in CFG (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed between s-IgA salivary levels at baseline and the evaluations after dental treatment in ECCG (p>0.05). However, we observed two different changes in s-IgA levels among participants: one group presented s-IgA reduction, and the other group demonstrated its maintenance. It was shown that patients from the ECCG group who presented a reduction in s-IgA levels during follow-up also showed a decrease in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. count (p<0.05), in contrast to patients who did not present this reduction. The flow rate and total protein were similar between groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: The present data support the idea that children with early childhood caries present higher levels of s-IgA in saliva than caries-free children. The restorative dental treatment does not have a significant influence on salivary levels of this immunoglobulin during the follow-up period.

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