Metabolomic characteristics of spontaneously hypertensive rats under chronic stress and the treatment effect of Danzhi Xiaoyao Powder, a traditional Chinese medicine formula

AbstractAge-related functional decline is a physiological phenomenon that occurs in all organ systems. However, the acceleration and early occurrence of this process are observed in cardiovascular pathologies, including hypertension. This study aimed to investigate SIRT1–PTEN signaling in aortic tissue from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and changes in SIRT1 and PTEN expression following treatment with Pinggan-Qianyang decoction (PGQYD) and explore the mechanism involved in the treatment of hypertensive vascular aging with traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, we used two rat models: spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) at 14 and 64 weeks of age and WKY rats at 64 weeks of age. The degree of irritability and rotation tolerance time were evaluated to determine the effects of PGQYD on animal behavior. The morphology of the thoracic aorta was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining and electron microscopy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and anti-superoxide anion content were detected. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining was used to observe the thoracic aorta during vascular aging. RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot analysis were performed to detect changes in the mRNA and protein expression of p53, p21, SIRT1, and PTEN in rat aortic tissues. Behavioral tests and histological and morphological analyses showed the remarkable amelioration of vascular aging after PGQYD treatment compared with that in the older SHRs. Moreover, PGQYD significantly decreased vascular aging in SHRs, as indicated by reduced SA-β-Gal staining, NADPH oxidase activity, and p53 and p21 expression, and increased anti-superoxide anion and SOD content. Furthermore, PGQYD increased SIRT1 and PTEN expression, but the downregulated expression of SIRT1 induced by a SIRT1 inhibitor abolished the PGQYD-induced antiaging effects on gene expression and antioxidant activity and enhanced PTEN expression. PGQYD could ameliorate vascular aging effects in SHRs, which may have been mediated via the regulation of SIRT1–PTEN signaling in aortic tissue.

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Traditional Chinese medicine suppresses left ventricular hypertrophy by targeting extracellular signal-regulated kinases signaling pathway in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep42965 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Xingjiang Xiong ◽

Xiaochen Yang ◽

Lian Duan ◽

Wei Liu ◽

Yun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽

Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

Extracellular Signal

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Hypertensive Cardiac Remodeling Effects of Lignan Extracts from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Bark — A Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x13500547 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 41 (04) ◽

pp. 801-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zhen-Yu Li ◽

Juan Gu ◽

Jin Yan ◽

Jun-Jie Wang ◽

Wei-Hua Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Aldose Reductase ◽

Cardiac Remodeling ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Tree Bark ◽

Eucommia Ulmoides ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive

The lignan extracts from the tree bark of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., a famous traditional Chinese medicine, have been demonstrated to have inhibitory effects on aldose reductase activity in spontaneously hypertensive rat myocardium. This study was aimed to investigate the hypertensive cardiac remodeling effects of the lignan extracts together with epalrestat. Ten-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 12, each) and administered 100 mg/kg/d of captopril (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor), 100 mg/kg/d of epalrestat (aldose reductase inhibitor) or 300 mg/kg/d of lignan extracts by gavage for 16 weeks. Sex-, age-, and number-matched normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats with spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with distilled water (vehicle) as controls. Systolic blood pressures were measured periodically. Echocardiography examination was taken when rats were 24 weeks old. We found that both captopril and lignan extracts lowered blood pressure, and inhibited aldose reductase activity similarly to epalrestat. Echocardiography examination and histomorphometry indices were improved in all treated groups (p < 0.05). Therefore, lignan extracts could prevent hypertensive cardiac remodeling, which is likely related to aldose reductase inhibition.

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The Role for GABAergic Interneurons Subtypes in the Antidepressant Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Lily Bulb and Rehmannia Decoction

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1035280/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyan Xue ◽

Hongxiu Zhang ◽

Jin Pan ◽

Yanting Lu ◽

Qiancheng Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽

Chronic Stress ◽

Luciferase Reporter ◽

Gabaergic Interneurons ◽

Chinese Medicine Formula ◽

Antidepressant Effects ◽

Depressive Episodes ◽

The Impact ◽

Lily Bulb

Abstract Background Depression is associated with reduced γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and alterations of GABAergic interneurons in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which can be normalized by traditional Chinese medicine formula lily bulb and Rehmannia decoction (LBRD) standard decoction. However, the impact of GABAergic interneurons subtypes including parvalbumin (PV), somatostatin (SST), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), in depressive episodes as well as in the LBRD standard decoction antidepressant effects remains to be elucidated. Methods We assessed the effects of LBRD standard decoction intervention on the expression of GABA associated miRNA/mRNA and GABAergic subtype-specific markers in chronic stress induced depression by western blot and qRT-PCR. The lncRNA/miRNA/GABA regulatory axis was verified by luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pull-down assay and then detect its changes in LBRD standard decoction administration with use of immunofluorescence staining and RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results In the current study, we found that LBRD standard decoction exerted antidepressant effects based on the results of behavioral tests. Meanwhile, LBRD also revised the reduced GABA levels in depression by increasing the expression of lncRNA Neat1 and Malat1, as well as decreasing miRNA-144-3p and miRNA-15b-5p. Moreover, the expression of SST mRNA and protein in the mPFC tissues from depression group, was significantly lower than those in the control cases, while LBRD standard decoction treatment revised these changes. Whereas, neither chronic stress nor treatment can obviously change the level of PV and VIP mRNA and protein expression. In the SST-positive neurons of mPFC tissues, treatment with LBRD standard decoction resulted in the elevation of Gad-67, VGAT, GAT-3 and an reduction of miRNA-144-3p expression. Conclusion Taken together, these findings suggest that SST interneurons may be served as a preferentially vulnerable GABAergic neuronal subtype in depression and LBRD standard decoction antidepressant activities potentially relate to against the SST cells deficits by regulating the miRNA-144-3p mediated GABA synthesis, release.

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