scholarly journals PDB16 Treated to Glycemic Control Target Assessed by Fasting Plasma Glucose (Fpg) and Glycated Hemoglobin (Hba1C) in Patients With Type II Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. A173
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
J.R. Bouchard ◽  
N. Wu ◽  
L. Boulanger
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Control Target

scholarly journals Demographic Associations of Diabetes Status by Both Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentration and Glycated Hemoglobin in a Community Survey in Galle District, Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Keddagoda Gamage Piyumi Wasana ◽  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake ◽  
Thilak Priyantha Weerarathna ◽  
Kamani Ayoma Perera Wijewardana Jayatilaka
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Significant Difference

Diagnostic tools used in detecting individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) include fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The present study was aimed to determine the demographic associations of diabetes status by both tests (FPG and HbA1C) in Galle district, Sri Lanka. 147 adults (30–60 years) who are having FPG ≥ 126 mg/dL underwent demographic evaluations and testing for HbA1C. Group 01 (diabetes status diagnosed by both tests) and group 2 (diabetes status diagnosed only by FPG) were compared using independant sample t-test and chi-square test. Logistic regression was used to study the association between the demographic factors and the diabetes status by both tests. Of the 147 study subjects, 38.1% were males, 61.9% were females, and 63.3% had a family history of diabetes among first-degree relatives (FDR). Mean age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), FPG, and HbA1C of the participants were 48.4 ± 7.2 years, 25.1 ± 4.0 kg/m2, 88.8 ± 9.0 cm, 139.4 ± 30.1 mg/dL, and 6.4 ± 0.7%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes based on both tests was 55.1%. There is a significant difference in mean BMI and WC while no significant differences in mean age between groups 01 and 02. No association was seen between gender and diabetes status (X2(1) = 0.086, p=0.770), while a significant difference was observed between DM among FDR and diabetes status (X2(1) = 33.215, p<0.001). Significance of odds of having diabetes by both tests with rising BMI (OR = 1.97, CI 1.15–3.36, p=0.013) and DM among FDR (OR = 7.95, CI 3.54–17.88, p=0.000) was seen. We conclude rising BMI and having DM among FDR are strongly associated with diabetes status diagnosed by both tests of FPG and HbA1C in community screening.

scholarly journals Leptin and Its Relation to Obesity and Insulin in the SHR/N-corpulent Rat, A Model of Type II Diabetes Mellitus

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel T. Velasquez ◽  
Sam J. Bhathena ◽  
Carl T. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Plasma Leptin

The spontaneously hypertensive/NIH-corpulent (SHR/N-cp) rat is a genetic animal model that exhibits obesity, metabolic features of hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, which are characteristic of type II diabetes and mild hypertension. To determine the role of leptin, the protein product of theobgene, in the development of obesity and diabetes in this model, we measured steady-state circulating levels of leptin in obese and lean SHR/N-cp rats and examined the relation between plasma leptin levels and metabolic variables at the stage of established obesity in these animals. Mean fasting plasma leptin concentration was 8-fold higher in obese than in lean rats (p<0.01). This was associated with a 6-fold elevation in plasma insulin in the obese group. Fasting levels of plasma glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride were all significantly higher in obese rats than in lean controls. Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between plasma leptin concentration and body weight among the animals (r=0.73, p<0.01). Similarly, plasma insulin concentration was significantly correlated with BW in all animals (r=0.54, p<0.05). There was also a significant positive.correlation between plasma leptin and plasma insulin in the entire group (r=0.70, p<0.01). However, this relationship was significant only for lean rats but not for obese rats (r=0.59, p<0.05 for lean rats, and r=0.23, p=NS, for obese rats). Plasma leptin also correlated positively with fasting plasma glucose (r=0.75, p<0.05), total cholesterol (r=0.63, p<0.05), and triglyceride (r=0.67, p <0.05). The marked elevation of plasma leptin in obese SHR/N-cp rats suggests that obesity in this animal model is related to up-regulation of the ob gene. Circulating leptin appears to be one of the best biological markers of obesity and that hyperleptinemia is closely associated with several metabolic risk factors related to insulin resistance in the diabesity syndrome.

scholarly journals Predictors of poor glycemic control in adult with type 2 diabetes in South-Eastern Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 2819-2828
Author(s):  
Innocent Chidi Anioke ◽  
Azubike Nnamdi Ezedigboh ◽  
Ogechukwu Calista Dozie-Nwakile ◽  
Ikechukwu Johnpaul Chukwu ◽  
Peculiar Ngozi Kalu
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Tight Control ◽  
Fasting Plasma

Background: The study investigated predictors of poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods: Data on demographics, anthropometric and clinical parameters were collected in a cross-section survey from 140 adults with T2DM, using standard tools/instruments. Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) was assessed as a measure of glycemic control. Results: Majority (83.3%) had poor glycemic control status of which about 95% constitute the elderly. The elderly (OR= 5.90, 95% Cl: 1.66-20.96) were more likely associated with poor glycemic control than the non-elderly (p = 0.006). Adjustment for significant predictor variables: Age, waist-hip ratio (WHR), Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Systolic blood pressure (SBP), although attenuated the odds (OR= 5.00, 95% CI: 1.19-20.96) of poor glycemic control, it still remained significantly (p = 0.028) higher in the elderly. Patients outside tight FPG control significantly (p = 0.001) showed poor glycemic cotrol than those within tight FPG (OR= 17.39, 95%Cl: 5.83-51.90), even with attenuated OR (OR= 10.85, 95%Cl: 3.10-37.96) and (OR=12.08, 95%Cl: 3.64-40.09) when non- significant and significant predictor variables were accounted for, respectively.Conclusion: Age, WHR, FPG, and SBP were significantly associated with differences in glycemic control. The elderly and FPG outside tight control showed significantly increased odds of poor glycemic control status.Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; glycemic control status; A1C; Elderly; Fasting plasma glucose; glycemic control predictors.

Hypoglycemia in Elderly Diabetic Patients with Good Glycemic Control attending Cardiology Out Patient Department of a Superspeciality Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika Mittal ◽  
Purushottam Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Good Glycemic Control ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Objective-Clinical trials and observational studies have provided good evidence that early glycemic control leads to a reduction in complications and improved survival in diabetics. However, elevated risk of mortality has been reported at both the lower and upper ends of long-term glucose levels. Fear of hypoglycemia has been a significant factor in suboptimal glycemic control. In this retrospective analysis we aimed to identify the incidence of hypoglycemia and their precipitating factors in elderly diabetics on good glycemic control. Material and methods- Ninety seven elderly diabetic patients attending the cardiology Out-Patients Department of a super speciality private sector hospital from 1 December 2017 to 30 November 2018 were studied retrospectively. Their demographic profile, co-morbidities and pharmacological profile were recorded. Incidence of hypoglycemic episodes and their precipitating factor were then analyzed. Result-Mean age was 71.7± 6.3 years, and 64 (66%) were male. Mean duration of diabetes was 7.3± 1.3 years. All patients had type II diabetes mellitus. Mean fasting and random capillary blood glucose levels were 116.5 ±8.7 mg/dl and 169.5±13.5mg/dl, respectively. Mean HbA1c levels of the study population was 6.8±1.14. Over the study period, 23 (23.7%) patients experienced 39 episodes of any level of hypoglycemia. HbA1c Levels in the hypoglycemia group were not significantly different from those in no-hyperglycemia group (6.85±1.13 vs. 6.63±1.04). Mean random plasma glucose values were slightly higher in no-hypoglycemia group (170.9±14.5 vs 164.9±14.9), but the difference did not reach the statistical significance. There was a markedly significant difference in mean fasting plasma glucose values between hypoglycemia and no-hypoglycemia group (101.8±8.9 vs 116.5±12.7). Sulphonylurea and insulin use was more frequent in patients experiencing hypoglycemia (9.6% and 52.2% respectively) as compared with no-hypoglycemia group (33.8% and 39.1% respectively). The most common preceding event was either skipping a meal in 12(30.8%) patients or an unplanned change in diet in 23% patients. Conclusion- Patients with longstanding diabetes and loss of warning symptoms have increased risk of severe hypoglycaemic episodes. Risk of the hypoglycemic episode is better correlated with fasting plasma glucose levels and glycemic variability rather than with HbA1c Level. Sulphonylurea drug use was the only group associated with a statistically significant risk of hypoglycemia. Skipping of a meal or a sudden change in the diet and alteration in antidiabetic drug regimen are the most important precipitating factors for hypoglycemia.

Evaluation of a Pharmaceutical Care Model on Diabetes Management

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda A Jaber ◽  
Henry Halapy ◽  
Mireille Fernet ◽  
Suresh Tummalapalli ◽  
Hariharan Diwakaran
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting Plasma

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a pharmaceutical care model on the management of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in urban African-American patients. DESIGN: Eligible patients were randomized to either a pharmacist intervention or control group and followed over a 4-month period. Patients in the intervention group received diabetes education, medication counseling, instructions on dietary regulation, exercise, and home blood glucose monitoring, and evaluation and adjustment of their hypoglycemic regimen. Patients in the control group continued to receive standard medical care provided by their physicians. SETTING: A university-affiliated internal medicine outpatient clinic. PARTICIPANTS: The study population consisted of urban African-American patients with NIDDM currently attending the clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures included fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations. Secondary outcome endpoints included blood pressure, serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, microalbumin to creatinine ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, and low-density lipoprotein concentrations. Quality-of-life assessments were performed in both groups at baseline and at the end of the study. RESULTS: Thirty-nine patients (17 intervention, 22 control) completed the study. The intervention group consisted of 12 women and 5 men with a mean ± SD age of 59 ± 12 years, total body weight (TBW) of 93 ± 22 kg, body mass index (BMI) of 34 ± 7 kg/m2, and duration of NIDDM 6.8 ± 6.5 years. The control group consisted of 15 women and 7 men with a mean age of 65 ± 12 years, TBW of 88 ± 19 kg, BMI of 33 ± 7 kg/m2, and a duration of NIDDM of 6.2 ± 4.8 y. Significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.003) and fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.015) was achieved in the intervention group. No change in glycemia was observed in the control subjects. Statistically significant differences in the final glycated hemoglobin (p = 0.003) and fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.022) concentrations were noted between groups. No significant changes in blood pressure control, lipid profile, renal function parameters, weight, or quality-of-life measures were noted within or between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate the effectiveness of pharmaceutical care in the reduction of hyperglycemia associated with NIDDM in a group of urban African-American patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document