scholarly journals Common Illnesses Identified by Community Health Workers in the Households and Referrred to Primary Health Facilities For Care

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. A433
Author(s):  
D.M. Mogere ◽  
C.S. Loum ◽  
D. Kaseje
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Common Illnesses ◽  
Primary Health Facilities

Authors’ Commentary: Domestic Violence Against Women, Public Policies and Community Health Workers in Brazilian Primary Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-239
Author(s):  
Marcos Signorelli ◽  
Angela Taft ◽  
Pedro Paulo Gomes Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Primary Health

In this commentary paper, we highlight the key role that community health workers and family health professionals can perform for the identification and care for women experiencing domestic violence in communities. These workers are part of the primary health-care strategy in the Brazilian public health system, who are available in every municipalities and neighborhoods of the country. Based on our ethnographic research, we argue that identification and care of abused women by these workers and professionals follow a pattern which we described and named “the Chinese whispers model.” We also point gaps in training these workers to deal with complex issues, such as domestic violence, arguing for the need of formal qualification for both community health workers and family health professionals by, for example, incorporating such themes into curricula, further education, and continuing professional development.

What are the roles of community health workers? Looking back at the philosophies of primary health care

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Marietou Niang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Health System ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Looking Back

This commentary discusses the different roles of community health workers (CHWs), their challenges and limitations in a historical perspective of primary health care (PHC). We first try to show that the comprehensive philosophy of PHC promulgated in Alma-Ata proposed the role of CHWs as actors who work in community development. On the other hand, in the 1980s, with the emergence of the selective philosophy of PHC, CHWs’ role was more affiliated with the health system. We conclude our pitch about the balance that can exist between these different roles by suggesting that CHWs can work in continuity with the health system, but they should not be considered as affordable labor. Also, they must be supported in their activities to develop their communities, allowing them to participate effectively in programs and policies that concern them and their community.

Supervising Community Health Workers in Community-Based Delivery of Primary Health/Family Planning Services: Experiences in Mexico, 1977–1982

1986 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele G. Shedlin ◽  
Joe D. Wray ◽  
Sergio Correu
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Wide Range

The supervision of CHWs in the Mexican Rural Health Program (1977–82) illustrates a wide range of problems and strengths because it was developed within a program based on a strong political mandate to deliver services to an extremely large, as well as culturally and geographically diverse population. This article presents an in-depth perspective on the issues involved in the supervision of community health workers with a focus on the myriad roles and responsibilities which are expected from supervisory personnel. The information and observations which are offered come from program evaluation materials as well as the long-term, first hand experience of the authors with the program discussed.

scholarly journals Contribution of Community Health Workers to the treatment of common illnesses among under 5-year-olds in rural Uganda.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Bagenda ◽  
Andrew Christopher Wesuta ◽  
Geren Stone ◽  
Moses Ntaro ◽  
Palka Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Common Illnesses

Abstract Introduction The control of malaria, pneumonia, and diarrhea is important for the reduction in morbidity and mortality among children under five years. Uganda has adopted the Integrated Community Case Management strategy using Community Health Workers to address this challenge. The extent and trend of these three conditions managed by the Community Health Workers are not well documented. This study was done to document Community Health Workers’ contribution towards treatment and the trends of the three common illnesses in Bugoye Sub-County in rural Uganda.

scholarly journals Toward a geography of community health workers in Niger: a geospatial analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P Oliphant ◽  
Nicolas Ray ◽  
Khaled Bensaid ◽  
Adama Ouedraogo ◽  
Asma Yaroh Gali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Community Case Management ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Integrated Community Case Management ◽  
Geographical Accessibility

Background Little is known about the geography of community health workers (CHWs), their contribution to geographical accessibility of primary health care (PHC) services, and strategies for optimizing efficiency of CHW deployment in the context of universal health coverage (UHC). Methods Using a complete georeferenced census of front-line health facilities and CHWs in Niger and other high resolution spatial datasets, we modelled travel times to front-line health facilities and CHWs between 2000-2013, accounting for training, essential commodities, and maximum population capacity. We estimated additional CHWs needed to maximize geographical accessibility of the population beyond the reach of existing front-line health facilities and CHWs. We assessed the efficiency of geographical targeting of the existing CHW network compared to modelled CHW networks designed to optimize geographical targeting of the estimated population, under-five deaths, and plasmodium falciparum malaria cases. Results The percent of the population within 60 minutes walking to the nearest CHW increased from 0·0% to 17·5% between 2000-2013, with 15·5% within 60 minutes walking to the nearest CHW trained on integrated community case management (iCCM) — making PHC services and iCCM, specifically, geographically accessible for an estimated 2·3 million and 2·0 million additional people, respectively. An estimated 10·4 million people (59·0%) remained beyond a 60-minute catchment of front-line health facilities and CHWs. Optimal deployment of 8064 additional CHWs could increase geographic coverage of the estimated total population from 41·5% to 73·6%. Geographical targeting of the existing CHW network was inefficient but optimized CHW networks could improve efficiency by 55·0%-81·9%, depending on targeting metric. Interpretations We provide the first high-resolution maps and estimates of geographical accessibility to CHWs at national scale, highlighting improvements between 2000-2013 in Niger, geographies where gaps remained, approaches for improving targeting, and the importance of putting CHWs on the map to inform planning in the context of UHC.

scholarly journals Community Health Workers for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control in Bangladesh: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lal Rawal ◽  
Shamim Jubayer ◽  
Shohel R Choudhury ◽  
Sheikh Mohammad Shariful Islam ◽  
Abu Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control ◽  
Central Level

Abstract Objective: To examine the barriers and facilitators to engaging Community Health Workers (CHWs) for Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) prevention and control in Bangladesh.Design: We used multipronged approaches, including a. Situation analyses using a literature review, key personnel and stakeholders’ meetings, and exploratory studies. A grounded theory approach was used for qualitative data collection, and data were analysed thematically.Setting: Data were collected from health facilities across three districts in Bangladesh, and two stakeholder consultative meetings were conducted at the central level.Participants: We conducted in-depth interviews with CHWs (Health Inspector; Community Health Care Provider; Health Assistant and Health Supervisor) (n=4); key informant interviews with central level health policymakers/ managers (n=15) and focus group discussions with CHWs (4 FGDs; total n=29). Participants in a stakeholder consultative meeting included members from the government (n=4), non-government organisations (n=2), private sector (n=1) and universities (n=2).Results: The CHWs in Bangladesh deliver a wide range of public health programs. They also provide several NCDs specific services, including screening, provisional diagnosis, and health education and counselling for common NCDs, dispatching of basic medications, and referral to relevant health facilities. These services are being delivered from the sub-district health facility, community clinics and urban health clinics. The participants identified key challenges and barriers, which include lack of NCD specific guidelines, inadequate training, excessive workload, inadequate systems-level support, and lack of logistics supplies and drugs. The facilitating factors to engage CHWs included government commitment and program priority, development of NCD related policies and strategies, the establishment of NCD corners, community support systems, social recognition and staff motivation.Conclusion: Engaging CHWs has been a key driver to NCDs services delivery in Bangladesh. However, there is a need for capacity building of CHWs, systems-level support and maximizing CHWs engagement to prevention and control of NCDs in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Availability of Essential Commodities and Related Bottlenecks for Community Health System: Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ami Pradhan ◽  
Erin Bogue ◽  
Benjamin Schreiber ◽  
Hannah Sarah Dini ◽  
Hitesh Hurkchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
National Level ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: This paper explores the extent of community-level stock-out of essential and program commodities for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (MNCH) among Community Health Workers (CHWs) in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs), and identifies the underlying bottlenecks leading to such stock-outs.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted of published and grey literature. 48 studies containing information on the number or percentage of CHWs or health facilities (HFs) stocked-out, or reasons for stock-outs at these levels, were included. In addition, interviews were conducted with domain experts from different organizations working on community health to identify primary reasons for stock-outs. The qualitative data regarding reasons for stock-outs were categorized under different themes, using a content analysis method. Results: 48.09% [CI 95%: 39.28 - 56.90] of the Community Health Workers and 54.76 % [CI 95%: 43.54 - 65.98] of the health facilities in SSA countries included in this study experienced stock-outs of essential commodities. A hypothesis test showed no significant difference in stock-out rates between CHWs and HFs. The most frequently cited reason for CHW stock-outs was a lack of financial resources, leading to inadequate national level stocks, affecting supply available at the last mile. Moreover, issues at HF and CHW levels in the following areas contributed to stock-outs: transportation, data and estimation of needs, human resources, and stock management and storage. These significant bottlenecks hinder the ability of CHWs to save lives.Conclusion: Stock-outs of health commodities impact almost half of CHWs, preventing effective service delivery. Many factors contribute to stock-outs, which occur at all levels of the health supply chain. A system strengthening approach is necessary to reduce CHW stock-outs. Sparse data, differing definitions of stock-outs, and inconsistent reporting metrics posed significant challenges to analyzing results from reviewed studies. Therefore, a set of standard metrics to measure the rate, period, and frequency of stock-outs in future studies is recommended.

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