Influence of Singing Activity, Age, and Sex on Voice Performance Parameters, on Subjects' Perception and Use of Their Voice in Childhood and Adolescence

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fuchs ◽  
Sylvia Meuret ◽  
Susanne Thiel ◽  
Roland Täschner ◽  
Andreas Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Voice Performance ◽  
Singing Activity ◽  
Age And Sex

Vitamin Intake of 1- to 18-Year-Old German Children and Adolescents in the Light of Various Recommendations

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Kersting ◽  
Ute Alexy ◽  
Wolfgang Sichert-Hellert
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Vitamin Intake ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
German Children ◽  
Age And Sex

Data on the vitamin intake during childhood and adolescence are rare in Europe. Here, age and sex specific percentiles of the absolute intakes and relative densities (per MJ) of retinol, carotenoids, vitamins A, E, C, B1, B2, B6, niacin and folate in a sample of 627 subjects between the age of 1 and 18 years are reported and compared to the actual recommendations from Germany, the EC and the USA. The evaluation of the intakes clearly depends on the reference value chosen. In total, the vitamin intake can be assessed to range between satisfactory and generous with the exception of folate which ranged consistently below the references.

scholarly journals ACL Injuries Aren’t Just for Girls: The Role of Age in Predicting Pediatric ACL Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 559-563
Author(s):  
David A. Bloom ◽  
Adam J. Wolfert ◽  
Andrew Michalowitz ◽  
Laith M. Jazrawi ◽  
Cordelia W. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Acl Tear ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Female athletes have a higher rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries than male athletes; however, the role of age in mediating this injury risk has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to characterize the relationship between age and sex in predicting ACL injury in the pediatric population. Hypothesis: Prepubescent boys are more likely to sustain an ACL injury than prepubescent girls. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiological study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Data were collected from the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database for the state of New York from 1996 to 2016. The database was queried for patients aged ≤19 years who had been diagnosed with an ACL tear using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 844.2 or the ICD-10 (10th Revision) codes S83.512A/S83.511A/S83.519A. Patient age and sex at time of ACL injury diagnosis were recorded. Chi-square analysis was used to compare the frequency of ACL injury between groups, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 20,128 patients aged ≤19 years were diagnosed with an ACL tear (10,830 males, 9298 females; male:female, 1.16:1). In all, 129 patients aged <12 years sustained an ACL tear (85 boys, 44 girls; male:female, 1.93:1), and 19,999 of those patients were aged 12 to 19 years (10,745 males, 9254 females; male:female, 1.16:1). Chi-square analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between sex and age group ( P < 0.006). Additional analysis revealed that female athletes were most at risk for ACL injury from ages 12 to 16 years, with 4025 male and 5095 female athletes sustaining ACL injuries in this group (male:female, 1:1.27; P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Prepubescent boys (aged <12 years) are more likely to sustain an ACL injury than same-aged female peers. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates that the risk of ACL injury varies with age and sex throughout childhood and adolescence, further guiding treatment and prevention for these pediatric athletes.

scholarly journals Age and sex relationship with flow-mediated dilation in healthy children and adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 926-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola D. Hopkins ◽  
Donald R. Dengel ◽  
Gareth Stratton ◽  
Aaron S. Kelly ◽  
Julia Steinberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilation ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Age And Sex

Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a noninvasive technique used to measure conduit artery vascular function. Limited information is available on normative FMD values in healthy children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to assess relationships between age and sex with FMD across childhood and adolescence. Nine hundred and seventy-eight asymptomatic children (12 ± 3 yr, range 6–18 yr, 530 male) underwent ultrasonic brachial artery assessment before and after 5 min of forearm ischemia. Sex differences in FMD and baseline artery diameter were assessed using mixed linear models. Baseline artery diameter was smaller in females than males [2.96 mm (95% CI: 2.92–3.00) vs. 3.24 mm (3.19–3.28), P < 0.001] and increased with age across the cohort ( P < 0.001). Diameter increased between ages 6 and 17 yr in males [from 2.81 mm (2.63, 3.00) to 3.91 mm (3.68, 4.14)] but plateaued at age 12 yr in females. Males had a lower FMD [7.62% (7.33–7.91) vs. 8.31% (7.95–8.66), P = 0.024], specifically at ages 17 and 18 yr. There was a significant effect of age on FMD ( P = 0.023), with a reduction in FMD apparent postpuberty in males. In conclusion, the brachial artery increases structurally with age in both sexes; however, there are sex differences in the timing and rate of growth, in line with typical sex-specific adolescent growth patterns. Males have a lower FMD than females, and FMD appears to decline with age; however, these findings are driven by reductions in FMD as males near maturity. The use of age- and sex-specific FMD data may therefore not be pertinent in childhood and adolescence.

scholarly journals Accounting for height in indices of body composition during childhood and adolescence

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda M. O'Keeffe ◽  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Laura D. Howe
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Age And Sex

Correlations of body composition with height vary by age and sex during childhood. Standard approaches to accounting for height in measures of body composition (dividing by height (in meters)2) do not take this into account. Using measures of total body mass (TBM), fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) at ages nine, 11, 13, 15 and 18 years from a longitudinal UK cohort study (ALSPAC), we calculated indices of body composition at each age by dividing measures by height (in meters)2. We then produced age-and sex-specific powers of height using allometric regressions and calculated body composition indices by dividing measures by height raised to these powers. TBM, FM and FFM divided by height2 were correlated with height up-to age 11 in females. In males, TBM and FM divided by height2 were correlated with height up-to age 15 years while FM divided by height2 was correlated with height up-to age 11 years. Indices of body composition using age-and sex-specific powers were not correlated with height at any age. In early life, age-and sex-specific powers of height, rather than height in meters2, should be used to adjust body composition for height when measures of adiposity/mass independent of height are required.

Imaging of Pediatric Lower Limb Sports Injuries

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 123-136
Author(s):  
Nikki Weil ◽  
Robert Hemke ◽  
Guus Reurink ◽  
Mario Maas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Sports Injuries ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Overuse Injuries ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Musculoskeletal Radiologist ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThe importance of physical activity during childhood and adolescence has come to light, with an increase in sports-related acute traumatic and overuse injuries as a major disadvantage. A solid understanding of the physiology of the growing skeleton, together with knowledge about age- and sex-related differences in the occurrence of acute traumatic and overuse injuries is necessary. Every musculoskeletal radiologist should also be familiar with the appearances of these injuries on different imaging modalities. This review focuses on all these aspects concerning acute traumatic and overuse injuries among children and adolescents.

AGE AND SEX RELATED CHANGES IN FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS FOR PERSONS OVER 60 YEARS

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
W. H. Osness ◽  
J. Schroeder ◽  
C. Thomspon ◽  
L. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Age And Sex

scholarly journals Age- and Sex-Specific Morphologic Variations of Capital Femoral Epiphysis Growth in Children and Adolescents Without Hip Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 232596711878157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo N. Novais ◽  
Daniel A. Maranho ◽  
Young-Jo Kim ◽  
Ata Kiapour
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Understanding the development of the capital femoral epiphysis is essential to identify pathologic variations that may lead to cam morphology. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of the capital femoral epiphysis during childhood and adolescence, with specific morphologic analysis of the peripheral growth and the metaphyseal surface of the growth plate. We hypothesized that age- and sex-dependent morphologic variations of the peripheral growth (cupping) and surface anatomy (epiphyseal tubercle) of the epiphysis would be evident with increasing age. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Pelvic computed tomography scans of 80 children and adolescents (range, 8-15 years; n = 10 per age group; 50% male), imaged because of suspected appendicitis, were used to reformat the proximal femur. All patients had asymptomatic hips with no signs or history of hip disorder. We measured the peripheral cupping of the epiphysis and the epiphyseal tubercle dimensions from 3-dimensional models. All measurements were normalized to the epiphyseal diameter. The effect of age on these parameters was evaluated by use of linear regression analysis. A 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare these parameters between males and females. Results: The mean epiphyseal cupping increased with increasing age ( R2 = 0.54; P < .001). The mean normalized epiphyseal cupping was consistently higher in the anterior and posterior directions compared with the inferior and superior locations. Male patients aged 10 and 11 years had lower ( P = .002) mean epiphyseal cupping compared with female patients of the same age. We observed no difference between male and female participants after 12 years of age ( P > .3). The normalized epiphyseal tubercle height ( R2 = 0.08; P = .009), width ( R2 = 0.13; P = .001), and length ( R2 = 0.45; P < .001) decreased with increasing age, with no differences between male and female patients. On average, a 2.6-fold increase was found in epiphyseal cupping from 8 to 15 years of age, whereas normalized tubercle height decreased by 0.4-fold. Conclusion: Peripheral cupping of the epiphysis over the metaphysis increases with age, while the relative epiphyseal tubercle dimensions decrease. Females have an earlier onset of rapid increase in the peripheral cupping compared with males; however, no differences in epiphyseal tubercle dimensions were found between male and female patients. These findings may guide future studies investigating the development of cam morphology, which should consider the surface morphologic characteristics of the capital femoral epiphysis, the growth plate, and the differences in morphologic characteristics according to age and sex.

scholarly journals Modelling neuroanatomical variation due to age and sex during childhood and adolescence

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth Ball ◽  
Chris Adamson ◽  
Richard Beare ◽  
Marc L. Seal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractBrain development is a dynamic process that follows a well-defined trajectory during childhood and adolescence with tissue-specific alterations that reflect complex and ongoing biological processes. Accurate identification and modelling of these anatomical processes in vivo with MRI may provide clinically useful imaging markers of individual variability in development. In this study, we build a model of age- and sex-related anatomical variation using multiple imaging metrics and manifold learning.Using publicly-available data from two large, independent developmental cohorts (n=768, 862), we apply a multi-metric machine learning approach combining measures of tissue volume, cortical area and cortical thickness into a low-dimensional data representation.We find that neuroanatomical variation due to age and sex can be captured by two orthogonal patterns of brain development and we use this model to simultaneously predict age with a mean error of 1.5-1.6 years and sex with an accuracy of 81%.We present a framework for modelling anatomical development during childhood using manifold embedding. This model accurately predicts age and sex based on image-derived markers of cerebral morphology and generalises well to independent populations.

Pediatric reference intervals for endocrine markers and fertility hormones in healthy children and adolescents on the Siemens Healthineers Atellica immunoassay system

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kathryn Bohn ◽  
Paul Horn ◽  
Donna League ◽  
Paul Steele ◽  
Alexandra Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Abstract Objectives Rapid development in childhood and adolescence combined with lack of immunoassay standardization necessitates the establishment of age-, sex-, and assay-specific reference intervals for immunochemical markers. This study established reference intervals for 11 immunoassays on the new Siemens Healthineers Atellica® IM Analyzer in the healthy CALIPER cohort. Methods A total of 600 healthy participants (birth to 18 years) were recruited from the community, and serum samples were collected with informed consent. After sample analysis, age- and sex-specific differences were assessed, and outliers were removed. Reference intervals were established using the robust method (40–<120 participants) or nonparametric method (≥120 participants). Results Of the 11 immunoassays studied, nine required age partitioning (i.e., dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, estradiol, ferritin, folate, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, progesterone, testosterone, vitamin B12), and seven required sex partitioning. Free thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone demonstrated no significant age- and/or sex-specific differences. Conclusions Overall, the age- and sex-specific trends observed closely mirrored those previously reported by CALIPER on other platforms as well as other internationally recognized studies. However, established lower and upper limits demonstrated some discrepancies between published values from healthy cohorts on alternate analytical systems, highlighting differences between manufacturers and the need for platform-specific reference intervals for informed pediatric clinical decision-making.

Social Communication Intervention for an Adult with Asperger Syndrome: Experiences, Perspectives, and Challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Siva priya Santhanam
Keyword(s):  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Social Abilities ◽  
Old Adult ◽  
Social Communication Intervention ◽  
Highly Able ◽  
Organizational Needs

Adults on the autism spectrum, despite having received intervention throughout their childhood and adolescence, continue to experience challenges with everyday social interactions, forming and maintaining relationships, and social abilities needed in work settings. This article presents a case example of a 22-year-old adult with Asperger syndrome, and highlights the issues in providing intervention for highly able young adults on the autism spectrum. A unique feature of this report is the inclusion of the client's own insights into his experiences, perspectives, and challenges with the intervention. The approaches used to address his social communication and organizational needs are outlined, and clinical implications discussed.

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