Amelioration of fenitrothion induced oxidative DNA damage and inactivation of caspase-3 in the brain and spleen tissues of male rats by N-acetylcysteine

Life Sciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 116534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha T. Alam ◽  
Tamer S. Imam ◽  
Azza M.A. Abo-Elmaaty ◽  
Ahmed Hamed Arisha
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
The Brain

Genotoxicity Evaluation in Severe or Mild Diabetic Pregnancy in Laboratory Animals

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (05) ◽  
pp. 303-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Lima ◽  
Y. Sinzato ◽  
R. Gelaleti ◽  
I.M. Calderon ◽  
M.V. Rudge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Severe Diabetes ◽  
Mild Diabetes

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity (DNA damage levels) in lymphocyte samples from pregnant Wistar rats with severe or mild diabetes and in whole blood samples from their newborns. Wistar female rats (1 and 90 days of age) and male rats (approximately 90 days of age) were used. The experiment consisted of 2 experimental groups (n=8 animals/group): 1) rats with severe diabetes, 2) rats with mild diabetes. For mild diabetes induction, the rats received streptozotocin (STZ) subcutaneously (100 mg/kg body weight) at day of birth, and those showing glycemia from 120 to 300 mg/dL in their adult life were included. For induction of severe diabetes, adult rats received 40 mg/kg STZ (intravenous route), and those showing glycemia > 300 mg/dL were included. At day 21 of pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized and euthanized for removal of maternal and fetal blood samples for determination of the oxidative DNA damage by applying Endo III and Fpg using the comet assay. Thus, the rats with mild diabetes and their offspring showed higher Fpg-sensitive sites, reflecting the damage resulting from hyperglycemia. The rats with severe diabetes and their offspring showed higher oxidative DNA damage detected by Fpg and Endo III-sensitive sites, showing general repercussions related to diabetes. The enzymatic treatment for DNA damage evidenced that the maternal repercussions of diabetes are associated with oxidative DNA damage of their newborn, which was not reflected using only the analysis of DNA damage free of the enzymes.

scholarly journals Taurine reverses sodium fluoride-mediated increase in inflammation, caspase-3 activity, and oxidative damage along the brain–pituitary–gonadal axis in male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac A. Adedara ◽  
Bolanle F. Olabiyi ◽  
TeminiJesu D. Ojuade ◽  
Umar F. Idris ◽  
Esther M. Onibiyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Reproductive Dysfunction ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Histological Damage ◽  
Significant Reversal ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
The Brain

Excessive exposure to fluoride is associated with male reproductive dysfunction in humans and animals. Taurine (2-aminoethane sulfonic acid) is a free intracellular β-amino acid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, the effect of taurine on fluoride-induced reproductive toxicity has not been reported. The present study investigated the influence of taurine on sodium fluoride (NaF)-induced functional changes along the brain–pituitary–gonadal axis in male rats. NaF was administered singly in drinking water at 15 mg·L−1 alone or orally co-administered by gavage with taurine at 100 and 200 mg·(kg body mass)−1 for 45 consecutive days. Results showed that taurine significantly prevented NaF-induced increase in oxidative stress indices as well as augmented antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in the brain, testes, and epididymis of the treated rats. Moreover, taurine reversed NaF-induced elevation in inflammatory biomarkers and caspase-3 activity as well as histological damage in the brain, testes, and epididymis of the treated rats. The significant reversal of NaF-induced decreases in testosterone level and testicular activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase by taurine was accompanied by enhancement of sperm functional characteristics in the treated rats. Taurine may be a possible chemopreventive candidate against reproductive dysfunction resulting from fluoride exposure.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Alleviates Pyraclostrobin Induced Lipid Peroxidation, Oxidative Stress, and DNA Damage in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
FAHRIYE ZEMHERI NAVRUZ ◽  
Sinan INCE ◽  
Damla ARSLAN-ACAROZ ◽  
Ulaş ACAROZ ◽  
Hasan Hüseyin DEMIREL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Caspase 9 ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Expression Levels

Abstract Pyraclostrobin (Pyra) is a fungicide in the strobilurin class and has proven to be very toxic to aquatic species. Resveratrol (Res) is a phytoalexin that exhibits multiple bioactivities as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protective, and anti-aging in animals and is found in plant species such as mulberry, peanut, and grape. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of Res against Pyra-induced oxidative stress in rats. For this purpose, a total of 48 male rats divided into 6 groups − 8 in each group - were exposed to 30 mg/kg Pyra by oral gavage once a day for 4 weeks and to 3 different concentrations of Res (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) together with Pyra. It was observed that, in groups administered with Pyra, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased whereas glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) levels decreased. It was observed that, in the group administered with Pyra, expression levels of CYP2E1 gene, which is associated with increased cancer risk, pro-apoptotic BAX gene, apoptotic caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 genes, NFκB gene, which is a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, and p53 gene, which plays a regulatory role in the cell, increased whereas expression level of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 gene decreased. It was determined that Res administrations improved Pyra-induced oxidative damage, histopathological changes and expression levels of various genes. According to the ssDNA analysis obtained from the DNA isolated from the blood; when DNA damage and histopathological damage in tissues were examined, it was observed that the highest damage was in the group administered with Pyra and the damage decreased depending on the increase in dose of Res. Consequently, it was observed that Res, known for its antioxidant protective properties, exhibited a protective effect against oxidative stress caused by Pyra.

scholarly journals Oxidative DNA Damage in Relation to Neurotoxicity in the Brain of Mice Exposed to Arsenic at Environmentally Relevant Levels

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyuan Piao ◽  
Ning Ma ◽  
Yusuke Hiraku ◽  
Mariko Murata ◽  
Shinji Oikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
The Brain

Chronic immobilization stress induces anxiety-related behaviors and affects brain essential minerals in male rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zafer Sahin ◽  
Alpaslan Ozkurkculer ◽  
Omer Faruk Kalkan ◽  
Ahmet Ozkaya ◽  
Aynur Koc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Swimming Test ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Center Area ◽  
Chronic Immobilization Stress

Abstract. Alterations of essential elements in the brain are associated with the pathophysiology of many neuropsychiatric disorders. It is known that chronic/overwhelming stress may cause some anxiety and/or depression. We aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on anxiety-related behaviors and brain minerals. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as follows ( n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 minutes daily for 7-day) and immobilization stress-2 (45 minutes twice a day for 7-day). Stress-related behaviors were evaluated by open field test and forced swimming test. In the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups, percentage of time spent in the central area (6.38 ± 0.41% and 6.28 ± 1.03% respectively, p < 0.05) and rearing frequency (2.75 ± 0.41 and 3.85 ± 0.46, p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) were lower, latency to center area (49.11 ± 5.87 s and 44.92 ± 8.04 s, p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), were higher than the control group (8.65 ± 0.49%, 5.37 ± 0.44 and 15.3 ± 3.32 s, respectively). In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc (12.65 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.001), magnesium (170.4 ± 1.7 ppm, p < 0.005) and phosphate (2.76 ± 0.1 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were lower than the control group (13.87 ± 0.16 ppm, 179.31 ± 1.87 ppm and 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, respectively). In the immobilization stress-2 group, magnesium (171.56 ± 1.87 ppm, p < 0.05), phosphate (2.44 ± 0.07 ppm, p < 0.001) levels were lower, and manganese (373.68 ± 5.76 ppb, p < 0.001) and copper (2.79 ± 0.15 ppm, p < 0.05) levels were higher than the control group (179.31 ± 1.87 ppm, 3.11 ± 0.06 ppm, 327.25 ± 8.35 ppb and 2.45 ± 0.05 ppm, respectively). Our results indicated that 7-day chronic immobilization stress increased anxiety-related behaviors in both stress groups. Zinc, magnesium, phosphate, copper and manganese levels were affected in the brain.

Acrylamide Exposure and Oxidative DNA Damage, Lipid Peroxidation and Fasting Plasma Glucose Alteration: Association and Mediation Analyses in Chinese Urban Adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Weihong Qiu ◽  
Shijie Yang ◽  
Limin Cao ◽  
Chunmei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Fasting Plasma

<a><b>OBJECTIVE: </b></a>Acrylamide exposure from daily-consumed food has raised global concern.<b> </b>We aimed to assess the exposure-response relationships of internal acrylamide exposure with oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alteration, and investigate the mediating role of oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in the association of internal acrylamide exposure with FPG. <p><b>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:</b> FPG and urinary biomarkers of oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxy-guanosine, 8-OHdG), lipid peroxidation (8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α, 8-iso-PGF2α) and acrylamide exposure (N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoylethyl)-L-cysteine, AAMA; N-acetyl-S-(2-carbamoyl-2-hydroxyethyl)-L-cysteine, GAMA) were measured for 3,270 general adults from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The associations of urinary acrylamide metabolites with 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PGF2α and FPG were assessed by linear mixed models. The mediating roles of 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α were evaluated by mediation analysis.</p> <p><b>RESULTS:</b> We found significant linear positive dose-response relationships of urinary acrylamide metabolites with 8-OHdG, 8-iso-PGF2α and FPG (except GAMA with FPG), and 8-iso-PGF2α with FPG. Each 1-unit increase in log-transformed level of AAMA, ΣUAAM (AAMA+GAMA) or 8-iso-PGF2α was associated with a 0.17-, 0.15- or 0.23-mmol/L increase in FPG, respectively (<i>P </i>or/and<i> P trend</i><0.05). Each 1% increase in AAMA, GAMA or ΣUAAM was associated with a 0.19%, 0.27% or 0.22% increase in 8-OHdG, respectively, and a 0.40%, 0.48% or 0.44% increase in 8-iso-PGF2α, respectively (<i>P </i>and<i> P trend</i><0.05). Increased 8-iso-PGF2α rather than 8-OHdG significantly mediated 64.29% and 76.92% of the AAMA and ΣUAAM associated-FPG increases, respectively.</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS:</b> Exposure of general adult population to acrylamide was associated with FPG elevation, oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation, which in turn partly mediated acrylamide-associated FPG elevation.<b></b></p>

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