Vascular perfusion and the volume of the preovulatory follicle are affected by the temperament of Nellore cows.

2021 ◽  
pp. 104744
Author(s):  
Yuri B. Guerson ◽  
Samuel R.B. Couto ◽  
Rita de Cássia L. Morais ◽  
Gustavo F. Grillo ◽  
Júlio C.F. Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Vascular Perfusion

124 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PREOVULATORY FOLLICLE AND CORPUS LUTEUM BLOOD FLOW IN MARES

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
A. Wischral ◽  
K. T. Haag ◽  
G. R. Fonseca ◽  
M. O. Gastal ◽  
S. S. King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Power Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
Student’S T

Colour- and power-Doppler ultrasonography have recently been used as potential new technologies to assess the degree of vascular perfusion of the ovary and follicles for research and clinical studies of ovarian and follicle hemodynamics and to predict fertility in horses, cattle and humans. In the present study, the following hypotheses were tested: (1) preovulatory follicle (POF) diameter (≥30 mm), but not blood flow, is repeatable between cycles within the same mare; (2) POF diameter and blood flow are good indicators of follicle status; (3) double POF have similar blood flow; and (4) highly vascularized POF produce corpora lutea (CL) with greater blood flow. Non-lactating mares (n = 13; 5 to 21 years old) of mixed breeds were used from March to May in the Northern Hemisphere. Follicle diameter and vascularity of the follicle wall before the first and second ovulations of the season and vascularity of the first CL were measured daily using transrectal colour-Doppler ultrasonography. The vascularity of the follicle wall and CL was based on the display of the blood-flow signals visualised in a slow, continuous-motion evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed by the SAS MIXED procedure, ANOVA and Student's t-tests and Spearman's correlation. A total of 26 periovulatory periods were evaluated. Unexpectedly, there were 84.6% (11/13) and 61.5% (8/13) double dominant POF and 30.8% (4/13) and 46.2% (6/13) double ovulations in the first and second periovulatory periods, respectively. The POF diameters were highly correlated (r = 0.68; P < 0.0001) between the first and second periovulatory periods. The diameter of the POF 5 days before the first ovulation was larger (P < 0.004) than before the second ovulation of the year. However, the POF vascularity did not differ between those periods. For 4 days before ovulation (Day 0), the diameter and blood flow of the POF were greater (P < 0.05) than for those follicles that underwent atresia in single- and double-ovulatory mares. The POF diameter and blood flow were positively correlated in ovulatory (r = 0.51; P < 0.0001) and in atretic (r = 0.32; P < 0.02) follicles. In double-ovulatory mares, POF diameter and blood flow increased (P < 0.0006) for 5 days before ovulation, with no difference between the 2 follicles in the same cycle for each parameter. The POF blood flow was positively correlated (r = 0.32; P < 0.0009) with CL vascularity during the first periovulatory period (Day –7 to +6) of the season. Furthermore, a positive correlation (r = 0.58; P < 0.01) was observed between the maximum vascularity of the POF and its subsequent CL. In conclusion, although preliminary, our results demonstrated that (a) POF vascularity is not repeatable within individuals; (b) potential atretic POF have low blood flow; (c) double POF have similar vascularity; and (d) greater blood flow to the POF is associated with higher CL vascularity.

182 EFFECT OF OVULATION-INDUCING FACTOR ON DEVELOPMENT AND VASCULAR PERFUSION OF THE OVULATORY FOLLICLE AND CORPUS LUTEUM IN LLAMAS

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
C. Ulloa-Leal ◽  
O. Bogle ◽  
G. P. Adams ◽  
M. Ratto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Flow Signal ◽  
Blood Flow Signal

The aim of the study was to determine if purified ovulation-inducing factor (OIF) from llama seminal plasma evokes changes in tissue vascular area of the preovulatory follicle and CL. Mature non-lactating, non-pregnant, female llamas (n = 20) were monitored by transrectal ultrasonography using a 7.5-MHz linear-array transducer (MyLab 5, Canadian Veterinary Imaging) to determine ovarian follicular status. Llamas with a growing follicle (for 3 consecutive days) ≥8 mm were assigned randomly to 2 groups (n = 10/group) and given an i.m. dose of (1) 50 µg of gonadorelin acetate or (2) 1 mg of purified OIF from llama seminal plasma. Llamas were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography using B-mode and power Doppler mode from Day 0 (day of treatment) to Day 16 to detect ovulation and CL development, and to calculate the area of blood-flow signal in the preovulatory follicle at 12 h after treatment and in the CL on Days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. Power Doppler images were recorded, edited, and analysed using the ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Data were compared between groups by Student t-test, chi-square, and ANOVA for repeated measures. No differences were detected between GnRH and OIF groups, respectively, in the diameter of the preovulatory follicle at the time of treatment (9.7 ± 0.3 v. 9.9 ± 0.4 mm), ovulation rate (10/10 v. 10/10), interval from treatment to ovulation (32.0 ± 0.6 v. 30.4 ± 1.8 h), maximum CL diameter (13.05 ± 0.4 v. 13.5 ± 0.3 mm), or the day on which the CL reached the maximum diameter (8.7 ± 0.3 v. 8.2 ± 0.2). The preovulatory follicle from llamas treated with purified OIF had a greater (P ≤ 0.0001) blood-flow signal area after treatment than that of the GnRH group. Similarly, the luteal tissue of llamas treated with purified OIF had a greater (P ≤ 0.001) blood-flow signal area than that of the GnRH group on Days 4, 6, 12, and 16 after treatment. We conclude that OIF purified from llama seminal plasma increases the vascular perfusion of the preovulatory follicle and the subsequent CL, consistent with the hypothesis that OIF is luteotrophic. Research funded by Chilean National Science and Technology Research Council (Fondecyt Regular 1120518), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the Alpaca Research Foundation.

Vascular Perfusion of the Preovulatory Follicle and its Relationship in Pregnancy Establishment during Natural and Induced Estrus in Buffaloes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Selvaraju ◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
M. Palanisamy ◽  
P. Visha ◽  
R. Chitra
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Spectral Indices ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

Background: In buffaloes, little attention has been devoted on the haemodynamics of preovulatory follicle (POF) and serum estradiol profiles and their relationship with conception rate following AI at natural and induced estrus. Methods: Sixty healthy pleuriparous graded Murrah buffaloes were selected and divided into two groups, viz., Group I and II. Group I buffaloes were artificially inseminated twice at an interval of 24 hours during natural estrus. Estrus induction was done using PIVD and PGF2α in group II buffaloes and AI was performed 48 h and 72 h after the withdrawal of PIVD. The blood flow of the preovulatory follicle (POF) and early pregnancy were assessed in both the groups by Doppler ultrasonography.Result: On statistical analysis, the mean (± SE) of spectral indices revealed there was an increased blood flow to the POF during induced estrus (Group II) when compared to natural estrus (Group I). The conception rate observed was 66.67 and 58.33 per cent in group I and II, respectively. It is concluded that increased vascular perfusion to POF resulted in almost similar conception rates in induced and natural estrus following AI in buffaloes.

Luteal vascular perfusion and plasma progesterone concentration are not affected by the vascularity of preovulatory follicle

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 421
Author(s):  
Rafael Mide Romano ◽  
Jair Camargo Ferreira ◽  
Heloísa de Siqueira Canesin ◽  
Fernanda Saules Ignácio ◽  
Luiz Fernando Novaes Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Plasma Progesterone

scholarly journals Relationship of vascular perfusion of the wall of the preovulatory follicle to in vitro fertilisation and embryo development in heifers

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A R Siddiqui ◽  
E L Gastal ◽  
M O Gastal ◽  
M Almamun ◽  
M A Beg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Polar Body ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
In Vitro Fertilisation ◽  
Preovulatory Follicle ◽  
Cleavage Rate ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Cell Versus

The effect of the extent of vascular perfusion of the wall of the preovulatory follicle on in vitro cleavage rate of the recovered oocyte and embryo development to >8 cells was studied in 52 heifers. Heifers received a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) when the largest follicle was ≥11 mm. An ovulation-inducing injection of GnRH was given 36 h later (hour 0), and collection of follicular fluid and the oocyte was done at hour 26. Vascular perfusion of the follicular wall was assessed by colour Doppler ultrasonography at hours 0 and 26. Each of the recovered oocytes (41/52; 79%) was mature (extruded polar body). Cleavage and embryo development were assessed at 48 h and 120 h respectively, after in vitro fertilisation (IVF). The percentage of cleaved oocytes and >8 cell embryos was 80% (31/39) and 55% (17/31) respectively. Vascular perfusion of the follicular wall was greater (lower pulsatility index; P<0.001) for follicles that produced cleaved versus non-cleaved oocytes and greater (P<0.04) for follicles that produced >8 cell versus ≤8 cell embryos. Percentage of follicular wall with Doppler signals of blood flow was greater (P<0.001) for >8 cell versus ≤8 cell embryos. Follicular-fluid concentration of free IGF1 was lower for cleaved oocytes (P<0.001) and >8 cell embryos (P<0.05), and oestradiol was lower (P<0.05) for >8 cell embryos. Results supported the hypothesis that greater vascular perfusion of the wall of the preovulatory follicle was positively associated with IVF and embryo development.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Uriniferous Tubules

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 622-623
Author(s):  
Peter M. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Renal Glomerulus ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Collecting Tubules ◽  
Bowman's Capsule ◽  
Scanning Electron

Although there have been a number of recent scanning electron microscopic reports on the renal glomerulus, the advantages of scanning electron microscopy have not yet been applied to a systematic study of the uriniferous tubules. In the present investigation, scanning electron microscopy was used to study the ultrastructural morphology of the proximal, distal, thin loop, and collecting tubules. Material for observation was taken from rat kidneys which were fixed by vascular perfusion, sectioned by either cutting or fracturing technigues, and critically point dried.The brush border characterising proximal tubules is first detected on the luminal surface of Bowman's capsule adjacent to the urinary pole orifice. In this region one frequently finds irregular microvilli characterized by broad and flattened bases with occasional bulbous structures protruding from their surfaces.

Cell Fine Structure as Revealed in Dessicator-Dried Resinless Sections

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 622-623
Author(s):  
R. P. Becker ◽  
J. J. Wolosewick ◽  
J. Ross-Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Embedding Medium ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Methodology has been introduced recently which allows transmission and scanning electron microscopy of cell fine structure in semi-thin sections unencumbered by an embedding medium. Images obtained from these “resinless” sections show a three-dimensional lattice of microtrabeculfee contiguous with cytoskeletal structures and membrane-bounded cell organelles. Visualization of these structures, especially of the matiiDra-nous components, can be facilitated by employing tannic acid in the fixation step and dessicator drying, as reported here.Albino rats were fixed by vascular perfusion with 2% glutaraldehyde or 1.5% depolymerized paraformaldehyde plus 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate (pH 7.4). Tissues were removed and minced in the fixative and stored overnight in fixative containing 4% tannic acid. The tissues were rinsed in buffer (0.2M cacodylate), exposed to 1% buffered osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, and embedded in pure polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG). Sections were cut on glass knives with a Sorvall MT-1 microtome and mounted onto poly-L-lysine, formvar-carbon coated grids while submerged in a solution of 95% ethanol containing 5% PEG.

High-voltage electron microscopic studies of inflammatory cell attachment during blood-brain barrier inflammation

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-277
Author(s):  
A.S. Lossinsky ◽  
M.J. Song
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron

Previous studies have suggested the usefulness of high-voltage electron microscopy (HVEM) for investigating blood-bram barrier (BBB) injury and the mechanism of inflammatory-cell (IC) attachment. These studies indicated that, in evaluating standard conventional thin sections, one might miss cellular attachment sites of ICs in their process of attaching to the luminal endothelial cell (EC) surface of cerebral blood vessels. Our current studies in animals subjected to autoimmune disease suggest that HVEM may be useful in localizing precise receptor sites involved in early IC attachment.Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was induced in mice and rats according to standard procedures. Tissue samples from cerebellum, thalamus or spinal cords were embedded in plastic following vascular perfusion with buffered aldehyde. Thick (0.5-0.7 μm) sections were cut on glass knives and collected on Formvar-coated slot grids stained with uranylacetate and lead citrate and examined with the AEI EM7 1.2 MV HVEM in Albany, NY at 1000 kV.

A New Model for Quantitative In Vivo Microscopic Analysis of Thrombus Formation and Vascular Recanalisation: The Ear of the Hairless (hr/hr) Mouse

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (05) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Roesken ◽  
Martin Ruecker ◽  
Brigitte Vollmar ◽  
Nicole Boeckel ◽  
Eberhard Morgenstern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Vascular Perfusion ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Endothelial Cell Interaction ◽  
Platelet Deposition

SummaryThe alteration of rheological blood properties as well as deterioration of vascular perfusion conditions and cell-cell interactions are major determinants of thrombus formation. Herein, we present an experimental model which allows for quantitative in vivo microscopic analysis of these determinants during both thrombus formation and vascular recanalisation. The model does not require surgical preparation procedures, and enables for repeated analysis of identical microvessels over time periods of days or months, respectively. After i.v. administration of FITC-dextran thrombus formation was induced photochemically by light exposure to individual arterioles and venules of the ear of ten anaesthetised hairless mice. In venules, epiillumination induced rapid thrombus formation with first platelet deposition after 0.59 ± 0.04 min and complete vessel occlusion within 7.48 ±1.31 min. After a 24-h time period, 75% of the thrombosed venules were found recanalised. Marked leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in those venules indicated persistent endothelial cell activation and/or injury, even after an observation period of 7 days. In arterioles, epi-illumination provoked vasomotion, while thrombus formation was significantly (p <0.05) delayed with first platelet deposition after 2.32 ± 0.22 min and complete vessel occlusion within 20.07 ±3.84 min. Strikingly, only one of the investigated arterioles was found recanalised after 24 h, which, however, did not show leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction. Heparin (300 U/kg, i.v.) effectively counteracted the process of thrombus formation in this model, including both first platelet deposition and vessel occlusion. We conclude that the model of the ear of the hairless mouse allows for distinct in vivo analysis of arteriolar and venular thrombus formation/ recanalisation, and, thus, represents an interesting tool for the study of novel antithrombotic and thrombolytic strategies, respectively.

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