scholarly journals Clay coating preserving high porosities in deeply buried intervals of the Stø Formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 648-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Nygaard Hansen ◽  
Kristoffer Løvstad ◽  
Reidar Müller ◽  
Jens Jahren
Keyword(s):  
Clay Coating

scholarly journals Bronze-casting workshops of the Vengerovo-2 settlement (Baraba forest steppe)

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
I.A. Durakov ◽  
L.N. Mylnikova
Keyword(s):  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Clay Coating ◽  
Significant Length ◽  
Production Complex ◽  
Site Planning ◽  
Bronze Casting ◽  
Casting Production

The formation of the early bronze-casting production in Baraba and the appearance of products of the Seima-Turbino type were completed within the 3rd — early 2nd mil. BC — during the existence of the Krotovo Cul-ture. Plenty of work has been devoted to its characterization; the presence of bronze-casting on the sites has been noted, but special studies of this type of sources are extremely few. The purpose of this paper is to present the characteristics of the production areas associated with the processing of non-ferrous metals, based on mate-rials of the Vengerovo-2 settlement of the Krotovo Culture. Production sites were studied in six dwellings of the settlement. The uniformity of the workshops has been revealed in terms of site planning and principles of organi-zation of the production, although differences in scale have been noted. The use of two types of the forges has been recorded. In all these workshops and in other sites of the culture, a multifunctional sub-rectangular hearth buried in the ground with the walls and floor lined with fragments of ceramics or clay coating was found (with di-mensions of 1.65×0.87–2.3×0.9×0.21–0.52 m). The second type of the forges is less common — a small round or oval pit (0.4–0.5 m in diameter) with the bottom and walls lined with baked clay or fragments. The smelting was carried out with forced air supply. The casting of the metal was taking place next to the forge. Crushed bones were used as fuel. The production complex demonstrates extensive external economic and commercial ties. This is manifested by penetration of significant volumes of non-ferrous metal into the ore-barren areas of the Central Baraba, as well as by the presence of imported foundry equipment (molds made of marl and talc). The simultaneous presence inside the casters’ dwellings of bones of taiga-zone animals and those living in the southern, steppe regions indicates significant length of the supply routes. The specific features and unification of the production of the manufacturing equipment, nature of the work carried out, volume of heats, and a large number of similar-type forms suggest specialization of the village in the bronze casting production.

Influence of the clay coating properties on the dilation behavior of sandstones

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Colas ◽  
J.D. Mertz ◽  
C. Thomachot-Schneider ◽  
V. Barbin ◽  
F. Rassineux
Keyword(s):  
Coating Properties ◽  
Clay Coating

Mechanical properties of clay coating films containing styrene–butadiene copolymers

1985 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Parpaillon ◽  
G. Engström ◽  
I. Pettersson ◽  
I. Fineman ◽  
S. E. Svanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Clay Coating ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Collapsibility, composition, and microstructure of loess in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Fengyin Liu ◽  
Fuli Ma ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Xiaohong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Collapse Potential ◽  
Metastable Structure ◽  
Clay Coating ◽  
Microstructural Model ◽  
Collapse Behavior ◽  
Clay Aggregates

The collapse potential, mineralogy, microstructure, and particle morphology of a loess from the Loess Plateau, China, were characterized by double oedometer testing, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and image analysis to elucidate the origin of its collapse behavior. Results show that the loess is highly collapsible with a maximum collapse index of 6.7% at a vertical stress of ∼200 kPa. The deposit contains both nonclay (i.e., quartz, albite, muscovite, and calcite) and clay (i.e., two chlorites) minerals. Microstructural, chemical, and image analyses indicate that interparticle calcite and clay cementation and silt particle morphology render the intact soil a metastable structure. Wetting-induced collapse is attributed to both primary and secondary microstructure features. The former is the abundance of weakly cemented, unsaturated, porous pure clay and clay–silt mixture aggregates whose slaking upon wetting initiates the overall structural collapse, while the latter consists of high porosity, unstable particle contacts, and clay coating on silt particles that act synergistically to augment the collapse. A conceptual microstructural model of a four-tiered hierarchy (i.e., primary clay and silt particles, clay aggregates and clay-coated silt particles, clay–silt mixture aggregates, and cemented aggregate matrix) is proposed to represent its structural characteristics and to account for its high collapsibility.

Clay mineral distribution in the Devonian-Carboniferous sandstones of the Clair Field, west of Shetland, and its significance for reservoir quality

Clay Minerals ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Pay ◽  
T. R. Astin ◽  
A. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Reservoir Quality ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
Minor Influence ◽  
Clay Coating ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Pore Lining

AbstractThe Devonian-Carboniferous reservoir of the Clair Field contains a complex and variably abundant clay mineral assemblage. An abrupt vertical change in clay mineralogy has been observed in both wells studied (UKCS 206/8-7 and 206/8-8) from being rich in Mg-chlorite, chlorite- smectite (including dioctahedral corrensite), illite, illite-smectite and Fe-chlorite, to being smectite- rich. This change broadly coincides with the unconformable boundary between the Lower Clair Group and Upper Clair Group of the reservoir which possibly defines the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. The clay minerals present reflect interaction between: (1) tectonic stability and climate that controlled the detrital composition of the sediment; (2) the pore-waters that developed; and (3) the result of diagenetic modification.Matrix porosity and permeability is severely restricted where the pore-lining clays are abundant (>15%) and where the clays bridge or fill pores. The type of clay mineral species appears to have a minor influence on reservoir quality, although they may be extremely important during production. The best reservoir quality occurs in mature aeolian sediments with a thin illite and illite-smectite clay coating.

Acrylic polymer emulsion supported bentonite clay coating for the analysis of industrial dye

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 550-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syahida Farhan Azha ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat ◽  
Suzylawati Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Polymer Emulsion ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Clay Coating

scholarly journals ‘Palmer’ Mango Yield as Affected by Soil Class and Pedon Physicochemical Characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Célia Lúcia Siqueira ◽  
Moacir Brito Oliveira ◽  
Karen Marcele de Jesus Silva ◽  
Marcos Koiti Kondo ◽  
Renato Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Canopy Area ◽  
Clay Coating ◽  
Diagnostic Horizons ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Low K

To evaluate the variation in ‘Palmer’ mango yield related to soil formation and soil physical and chemical properties, we studied a transect with 11 soil profiles, selected according to the altitude in a commercial orchard. Surface and subsurface diagnostic horizons were described up to two meters in depth. Soil depth, texture, structure, consistency, clay coating, cementation, and color of each horizon were morphologically determined. Undisturbed and disturbed samples were used to determine the soil total porosity, macroporosity, microporosity, density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, granulometry, total organic carbon, pH, sum of bases, and the contents of P, S, K, Na, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn. The number of fruits (for production estimates), stem diameter, canopy area, and plant height were determined in four plants around each soil profile. Three classes of soil showed good suitability for mango cultivation: Argisol Red-Yellow Eutrophic typic, Cambisol Haplic Eutrophic Tb, and Latosol Red Yellow Eutrophic typic. The ‘Palmer’ mango yield was correlated with the K contents, sum of bases, and pH. The low yield was a result of the low K content associated with the presence of gravel.

Microtoming Clay Coated Paper

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 136-137
Author(s):  
Peter A. Marsh ◽  
Dale Price ◽  
Troy J. Mullens
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Particle Packing ◽  
Coated Paper ◽  
Coated Papers ◽  
Coated Film ◽  
Clay Coating

One of the problems associated with the coating of papers is the relating of pigment packing in the coated film to the properties of the coated paper. Electron microscopy of paper cross-sections appeared to be the most promising approach to characterize particle packing. Our original attempts to cross-section coated papers resulted in varying degrees of distortion of the pigment particles, separating of the coating from the paper, and a splitting of the clay coating from the embedding media. This paper describes a cross-sectioning technique that minimizes these problems.

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