Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coastal sediments of southwest Taiwan: An appraisal of diagnostic ratios in source recognition

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jheng-Jie Jiang ◽  
Chon-Lin Lee ◽  
Meng-Der Fang ◽  
James T. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Alkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in marine surficial sediment near Antarctic stations at Fildes Peninsula, King George Island

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Préndez ◽  
Carolina Barra ◽  
Carla Toledo ◽  
Pablo Richter
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fildes Peninsula ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Gis Environment

AbstractAlkanes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were quantified in samples of coastal sediments along Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, during the summers of 2005 and 2007. Quantification was done by using GC-MS and applying the EPA 3550B method. Individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) concentrations were below 14.4 ng g-1 dry wt in 2005 and below 88.7 ng g-1 dry wt in 2007. Alkanes concentrations were higher than those of PAHs and ranged from 8 to 2236 ng g-1 dry wt in 2005 and from 53 to 745 ng g-1 dry wt in 2007. Results of total PAHs and alkanes were integrated along with base administrative and geographic maps in a GIS environment to determine the geographic extent of hydrocarbons detected. The largest concentrations were found in areas near research stations where total n-alkanes suggest petrogenic sources and where some diagnostic ratios suggest the presence of some PAHs produced by pyrogenic processes. Even if concentrations of hydrocarbons are low, they seem to be a result of increases in scientific activities, in the activities of the stable population, in the number of tourists, or a combination of theses factors.

scholarly journals Investigation of Aliphatic and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Brunei Bay, East Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-446
Author(s):  
S.Y. Pang ◽  
S. Suratman ◽  
J.H. Tay ◽  
N. Mohd Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Total N ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Geographical Locations

The surface distributions of aliphatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated from coastal sediments of Brunei Bay, southern South China Sea. The concentrations of total n-alkane (TNA) and 16 USEPA priority PAHs ranged from 0.67 to 9.88 μg/g and 4.72 to 102 ng/g, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) clustered the hydrocarbons in surface sediments according to their relationship and geographical locations, anticipated to the inputs and activities in proximity. Biomarker diagnostic ratios revealed that biogenic n-alkane inputs in the coastal sediments are exported from the fluviomarine and mangrove swamp environment, while the PAHs inputs are derived from mixed petrogenic and petroleum combustion residues. Overall, the level of PAHs in the study area is between low to moderate, based on the comparison with other areas worldwide.

scholarly journals Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal sediments from urban and industrial areas of Asaluyeh Harbor, Iran: distribution, potential source and ecological risk assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 957-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Raeisi ◽  
Hossein Arfaeinia ◽  
Morteza Seifi ◽  
Mehdi Shirzad-Siboni ◽  
Mozhgan Keshtkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Toxic Equivalent ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The distribution and toxicity levels of 16 EPA priority pollutant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sediments of Asaluyeh shore, Iran were investigated. The total concentrations of the PAHs in surface sediments ranged from 1,054 to 17,448 ng/g dry weights with a mean concentration of 8,067 ng/g. The spatial distribution of PAHs showed that PAH levels are much higher in the industrial areas in comparison with urban areas. Based on diagnostic ratios, pyrogenic activities were dominant sources of PAHs pollution in sediments comparing petroleum sources. The toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQ Carc) of PAHs ranged from 172 to 2,235 ng TEQ/g with mean value of 997.9. Toxicity levels were evaluated using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and toxic equivalent factors. Samples were collected from industrial and urban stations in Asaluyeh shores. According to SQGs, ΣPAHs concentrations in sediments of urban areas were below the ERL (effects range low), but the industrial samples had ΣPAHs concentrations between ERL and ERM (effects range median). Furthermore, ΣHPAHs (heavy PAHs) and some individual PAHs in some industrial stations exceeded ERM, indicating adverse ecological risk effects frequently occur. Findings demonstrate that the surface sediment from Asaluyeh shore is highly to very highly contaminated with PAHs.

scholarly journals Occurrence, Removal, and Mass Balance of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Derivatives in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Northeast China

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Rashid Mohammed ◽  
Zi-Feng Zhang ◽  
Chao Jiang ◽  
Ying-Hua Hu ◽  
Li-Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Coal Composition

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 33 methylated PAHs (Me-PAHs), and 14 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) were measured in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to study the removal efficiency of these compounds through the WWTPs, as well as their source appointment and potential risk in the effluent. The concentrations of ∑PAHs, ∑Me-PAHs, and ∑NPAHs were 2.01–8.91, 23.0–102, and 6.21–171 µg/L in the influent, and 0.17–1.37, 0.06–0.41 and 0.01–2.41 µg/L in the effluent, respectively. Simple Treat 4.0 and meta-regression methods were applied to calculate the removal efficiencies (REs) for the 63 PAHs and their derivatives in 10 WWTPs and the results were compared with the monitoring data. Overall, the ranges of REs were 55.3–95.4% predicated by the Simple Treat and 47.5–97.7% by the meta-regression. The results by diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis PCA showed that “mixed source” biomass, coal composition, and petroleum could be recognized to either petrogenic or pyrogenic sources. The risk assessment of the effluent was also evaluated, indicating that seven carcinogenic PAHs, Benzo[a]pyrene, Dibenz[a,h]anthracene, and Benzo(a)anthracene were major contributors to the toxics equivalency concentrations (TEQs) in the effluent of WWTPs, to which attention should be paid.

scholarly journals Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 in Urumqi, China: Temporal Variations, Health Risk, and Sources

Atmosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwubinuer Rekefu ◽  
Dilinuer Talifu ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Yusan Turap ◽  
Mailikezhati Maihemuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Positive Matrix ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
The Mean

PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 samples were simultaneously collected in Urumqi from January to December 2011, and 14 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. The mean concentrations of total PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were 20.90~844.22 ng m−3 and 19.65~176.5 ng m−3 respectively, with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. Above 80% of PAHs were enriched in PM2.5, which showed remarkable seasonal variations compared to coarse particles. High molecular weight (HMW) PAHs were predominant in PM2.5 (46.61~85.13%), whereas the proportions of lower molecular weight (LMW) and HMW PAHs in PM2.5–10 showed a decreasing and an increasing trend, respectively, from spring to winter. The estimated concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene equivalent carcinogenic potency (BaPeq) in PM2.5 (10.49~84.52 ng m−3) were higher than that of in PM2.5–10 (1.15~13.33 ng m−3) except in summer. The estimated value of inhalation cancer risk in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were 1.63 × 10−4~7.35 × 10−3 and 9.94 × 10−5~1.16 × 10−3, respectively, far exceeding the health-based guideline level of 10−4. Diagnostic ratios and positive matrix factorization results demonstrated that PAHs in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 were from similar sources, such as coal combustion, biomass burning, coking, and petroleum combustion, respectively. Coal combustion was the most important source for PAHs both in PM2.5 and PM2.5–10, accounting for 54.20% and 50.29%, respectively.

Distribution, sources and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the estuarine–coastal sediments in the East China Sea

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Li ◽  
Xinran Liu ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Xiaofei Li ◽  
Qing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
East China ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Estuarine Coastal

Pollution by PAHs in the estuarine–coastal area of the ECS should be paid attention.

scholarly journals Variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxidative derivatives in wintertime Beijing, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 8741-8758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atallah Elzein ◽  
Rachel E. Dunmore ◽  
Martyn W. Ward ◽  
Jacqueline F. Hamilton ◽  
Alastair C. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Diagnostic Ratios ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Naphthalic Anhydride ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Abstract. Ambient particulate matter (PM) can contain a mix of different toxic species derived from a wide variety of sources. This study quantifies the diurnal variation and nocturnal abundance of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 10 oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) and 9 nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) in ambient PM in central Beijing during winter. Target compounds were identified and quantified using gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-Q-ToF-MS). The total concentration of PAHs varied between 18 and 297 ng m−3 over 3 h daytime filter samples and from 23 to 165 ng m−3 in 15 h night-time samples. The total concentrations of PAHs over 24 h varied between 37 and 180 ng m−3 (mean: 97±43 ng m−3). The total daytime concentrations during high particulate loading conditions for PAHs, OPAHs and NPAHs were 224, 54 and 2.3 ng m−3, respectively. The most abundant PAHs were fluoranthene (33 ng m−3), chrysene (27 ng m−3), pyrene (27 ng m−3), benzo[a]pyrene (27 ng m−3), benzo[b]fluoranthene (25 ng m−3), benzo[a]anthracene (20 ng m−3) and phenanthrene (18 ng m−3). The most abundant OPAHs were 9,10-anthraquinone (18 ng m−3), 1,8-naphthalic anhydride (14 ng m−3) and 9-fluorenone (12 ng m−3), and the three most abundant NPAHs were 9-nitroanthracene (0.84 ng m−3), 3-nitrofluoranthene (0.78 ng m−3) and 3-nitrodibenzofuran (0.45 ng m−3). ∑PAHs and ∑OPAHs showed a strong positive correlation with the gas-phase abundance of NO, CO, SO2 and HONO, indicating that PAHs and OPAHs can be associated with both local and regional emissions. Diagnostic ratios suggested emissions from traffic road and coal combustion were the predominant sources of PAHs in Beijing and also revealed the main source of NPAHs to be secondary photochemical formation rather than primary emissions. PM2.5 and NPAHs showed a strong correlation with gas-phase HONO. 9-Nitroanthracene appeared to undergo a photodegradation during the daytime and showed a strong positive correlation with ambient HONO (R=0.90, P < 0.001). The lifetime excess lung cancer risk for those species that have available toxicological data (16 PAHs, 1 OPAH and 6 NPAHs) was calculated to be in the range 10−5 to 10−3 (risk per million people ranges from 26 to 2053 cases per year).

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