Buckle propagation of offshore pipelines under external pressure

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunfeng Gong ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Sheng Bao ◽  
Yong Bai
Keyword(s):  
External Pressure ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Buckle Propagation

Comparison of Numerical Results and Design Criteria for Buckle Propagation and Buckle Arrestor Design

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Plonski ◽  
Gundula Stadie-Frohbo¨s ◽  
Gordon Jokisch
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
External Impact ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Buckle Arrestors

Buckle propagation is a relevant design criterion for deep-water offshore pipelines. Imposed by external impact or local bending, e.g. during laying, a local buckle can be initiated, thereby decreasing the collapse strength of the pipeline. As a result of the high ambient external pressure, the buckle can start to propagate. Several design criteria for buckle propagation exist. This paper compares different design criteria with numerical results to obtain an impression of the levels of conservatism applied in the various codes. In most design cases, it is not suitable to avoid buckle propagation by using an increased wall thickness over the entire pipeline. Therefore, buckle arrestors are installed to stop the propagation. The common technical solution is to install sections of thicker pipeline, which requires that the buckle arrestor wall thickness and the length of the buckle arrestor have to be determined during design. A distinction is drawn between short and long buckle arrestors. Both cases are considered here. The design of the buckle arrestor can be carried out by using well-known criteria, such as the criteria developed by Kyriakides, Langner or Torselletti et al. These criteria are compared with experimental data. Numerical calculations are carried out and the results are compared with the design criteria.

Asymmetric buckling of offshore pipelines under combined tension, bending and external pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunfeng Gong ◽  
Qing Hu ◽  
Sheng Bao ◽  
Yong Bai
Keyword(s):  
External Pressure ◽  
Offshore Pipelines

Buckle Propagation Pressure for Submarine Pipelines

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Hahn ◽  
M. She ◽  
J. F. Carney
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Analytical Expression ◽  
Geometrical Nonlinearities ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Good Agreement

A new analytical expression is proposed for the prediction of the buckle propagation pressure for deepwater offshore pipelines. The expression accounts for the influences of the main factors involved, including the effects of material and geometrical nonlinearities. Predictions of the proposed expression are shown to be in good agreement with available experimental data, and valuable information is developed that can guide applications of the expression in design practice. In addition, a discussion is presented which outlines the derivation of the proposed expression.

Pipe Response Under Concentrated Lateral Loads and External Pressure

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros A. Karamanos ◽  
Charis Eleftheriadis
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Dimensional Case ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Different Levels

The present paper examines the denting deformation of offshore pipelines and tubular members (D/t≤50) subjected to lateral (transverse) quasi-static loading in the presence of uniform external pressure. Particular emphasis is given on pressure effects on the ultimate lateral load of tubes and on their energy absorption capacity. Pipe segments are modeled with shell finite elements, accounting for geometric and material nonlinearities, and give very good predictions compared with test data from non-pressurized pipes. Lateral loading between two rigid plates, a two-dimensional case, is examined first. Three-dimensional case, are also analyzed, where the load is applied either through a pair of opposite wedge-shaped denting tools or a single spherical denting tool. Load-deflection curves for different levels of external pressure are presented, which indicate that pressure has significant influence on pipe response and strength. Finally, simplified analytical models are proposed for the two-dimensional and three-dimensional load configurations, which yield closed-form expressions, compare fairly well with the finite element results and illustrate some important features of pipeline response in a clear and elegant manner.

Effects of Diameter to Thickness Ratio and External Pressure on the Velocity of Dynamic Buckle Propagation in Offshore Pipelines

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Omrani ◽  
K. Abedi ◽  
A. R. Mostafa Gharabaghi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Element Model ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Models Comparison ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Exerted Pressure

In this paper, a numerical study of the dynamic buckle propagation, initiated in long pipes under external pressure, is presented. For a long pipe, due to the high exerted pressure, local instability is likely to occur; therefore, the prevention of its occurrence and propagation are very important subjects in the design of pipelines. The 3D finite element modeling of the buckle propagation is presented by considering the inertia of the pipeline and the nonlinearity introduced by the contact between its collapsing walls. The buckling and collapse are assumed to take place in the vacuum. The numerical results of the nonlinear finite element analysis are compared with the experimental results obtained by Kyriakides and Netto (2000, “On the Dynamics of Propagating Buckle in Pipelines,” Int. J. Solids Struct., 37, pp. 6843–6878) from a study on the small-scale models. Comparison shows that the finite element results have very close agreement with those of the experimental study. Therefore, it is concluded that the finite element model is reliable enough to be used for nonlinear collapse analysis of the dynamic buckle propagation in the pipelines. In this study, the effects of external pressure on the velocity of dynamic buckle propagation for different diameter to thickness ratios are investigated. In addition, the mathematical relations, based on the initiation pressure, are derived for the velocity of buckle propagation considering the diameter to thickness ratio of the pipeline. Finally, a relation for the buckle velocity as a function of the pressure and diameter to thickness ratio is presented.

A Global Energy Approach for Analysis of a Propagating Buckle in Submarine Pipelines

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingqiao Tang ◽  
Jianghong Xue ◽  
Renhuai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Transition Zone ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Thick Wall ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Stretching Factor ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Membrane Stretching

This paper presents a unique approach to analyze the steady-state buckle propagation phenomenon in underwater pipelines. In previous work, we restudied the buckling of a very long pipeline subjected to external pressure and found that buckling happens only over a certain length of the pipeline. In this paper, the collapse mode of the pipeline obtained in previous studies is taken as the transition zone during steady-state buckle propagation. Kinematics in the transition zone is analyzed based on von Kármán–Donnell type of nonlinearity. Assuming linear elastic rigid plastic material properties, the mechanical responses in the transition zone are examined using the deformation theory. Two parameters, the yield coefficient and the membrane stretching factor, are introduced to depict the effects of transversal bending and the membrane stretching, respectively. Analytical solution of buckle propagation pressure is derived by considering the energy conversation calculated from shell theory. It is found that the buckle propagation performance is governed by the transversal bending, including the circumferential bending and longitudinal bending. The membrane stretching is significant only for thick wall pipeline, in particular when the ratio of radius-to thickness is small than ten. The analysis is in effect by comparing the obtained solutions with the well-established predictions and the experimental results.

Collapse and Buckle Propagation of Sandwich Pipes: A Review

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen An ◽  
Menglan Duan ◽  
Segen F. Estefen
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Research Work ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Collapse Behavior ◽  
Elastoplastic Constitutive Model ◽  
Core Materials

Sandwich pipes (SP) can be an effective solution for ultra-deepwater submarine pipelines, combining high structural resistance with thermal insulation. Most research work on this subject has been conducted at the subsea technology laboratory (LTS) of COPPE/UFRJ, with the aim of developing qualified pipes to transport deepwater oil and gas, especially for the pre-salt reservoirs at Offshore Brazil. This article reviewed most of the research done in recent years (2002–2012) on the buckling, collapse and buckle propagation of SP, which emphasized on the development of theoretical, experimental and numerical methods adopted to analyze such structural behavior of SP with different core materials. The main mechanical and thermal properties of the previously considered core materials were also given, together with the elastoplastic constitutive model for each material. The experimental and numerical results of collapse and buckle propagation under external pressure for SP were summarized. A general discussion of the mechanical failure modes of SP under external pressure was also provided. Besides, some suggestions for future work on collapse behavior and buckle propagation of SP were given.

Strength and Deformation Capacity of Corroded Pipes: The Joint Industry Project

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Levold ◽  
Andrea Restelli ◽  
Lorenzo Marchionni ◽  
Caterina Molinari ◽  
Luigino Vitali
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Local Buckling ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Strength And Deformation ◽  
Bending Loading

Considering the future development for offshore pipelines, moving towards difficult operating condition and deep/ultra-deep water applications, there is the need to understand the failure mechanisms and better quantify the strength and deformation capacity of corroded pipelines considering the relevant failure modes (collapse, local buckling under internal and external pressure, fracture / plastic collapse etc.). A Joint Industry Project sponsored by ENI E&P and Statoil has been launched with the objective to quantify and assess the strength and deformation capacity of corroded pipes in presence of internal overpressure and axial/bending loading. In this paper: • The State-of-the-Art on strength and deformation capacity of corroded pipes is presented; • The full-scale laboratory tests on corroded pipes under bending moment dominated load conditions, performed at C-FER facilities, are shown together with the calibrated ABAQUS FE Model; • The results of the ABAQUS FEM parametric study are presented.

Buckle propagation and arresting in offshore pipelines

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.D. Hahn ◽  
M. She ◽  
J.F. Carney
Keyword(s):  
Offshore Pipelines ◽  
Buckle Propagation

Buckle Propagation Analysis of Deep-Water Petroleum Transmission Pipelines with Axial Tension

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 1134-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun Ting Yan ◽  
Yin Fa Zhu ◽  
Zhi Jiang Jin ◽  
Hao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Isotropic Hardening ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Fitting Procedure ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Buckle Propagation ◽  
Elastic Perfectly Plastic ◽  
Hinge Model

Quasi-static finite element simulation is carried out on buckle propagation phenomenon of offshore pipelines under external pressure. Arc-length method and volume-controlled static analysis by employing hydrostatic fluid element F3D4 are employed to calculate the steady buckle propagation pressure. After verifying the validity of numerical model, emphasis is on the influence of tension on propagation pressure considering isotropic hardening elastoplastic and elastic-perfectly plastic materials. Parametric study is conducted to include the effect of diameter-thickness ratio, after which two empirical equations are derived by curve fitting procedure. Finally, some comments on the results obtained through rigid-plastic hinge model are presented and a modified plastic hinge model including effect of material anisotropy is derived. The results can serve as a reference for more reasonable design of buckle arrestors.

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