Intrinsic stoichiometry optimization of polycrystalline lead selenide film in the sensitization process by iodine concentration regulation

Sensitization in stainless steels is caused by the formation of chromium-rich M23C6 carbides at grain boundaries, which depletes the adjacent matrix and boundary region of chromium, and hence leads to rapid intergranular attack. To fully understand the sensitization process, and to test the accuracy of theories proposed to model this process, it is necessary to obtain very accurate measurements of the chromium concentration at grain boundaries in sensitized specimens. Quantitative X-ray spectroscopy in the analytical electron microscope (AEM) enables the chromium concentration profile across these boundaries to be studied directly; however, it has been shown that a strong effect of foil thickness and electron probe size may be present in the analysis of rapidly-changing compositional gradients. The goal of this work is to examine these effects.

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Melatonin reduces high levels of lipid peroxidation induced by potassium iodate in porcine thyroid

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000628 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paulina Iwan ◽

Jan Stepniak ◽

Malgorzata Karbownik-Lewinska

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Membrane Lipids ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Free Radical Scavenger ◽

Radical Scavenger ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Potassium Iodate ◽

Hormone Synthesis

Abstract. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Under normal iodine supply, calculated physiological iodine concentration in the thyroid is approx. 9 mM. Either potassium iodide (KI) or potassium iodate (KIO3) are used in iodine prophylaxis. KI is confirmed as absolutely safe. KIO3 possesses chemical properties suggesting its potential toxicity. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Study aims: to evaluate potential protective effects of melatonin against oxidative damage to membrane lipids (lipid peroxidation, LPO) induced by KI or KIO3 in porcine thyroid. Homogenates of twenty four (24) thyroids were incubated in presence of either KI or KIO3 without/with melatonin (5 mM). As melatonin was not effective against KI-induced LPO, in the next step only KIO3 was used. Homogenates were incubated in presence of KIO3 (200; 100; 50; 25; 20; 15; 10; 7.5; 5.0; 2.5; 1.25 mM) without/with melatonin or 17ß-estradiol. Five experiments were performed with different concentrations of melatonin (5.0; 2.5; 1.25; 1.0; 0.625 mM) and one with 17ß-estradiol (1.0 mM). Malondialdehyde + 4-hydroxyalkenals (MDA + 4-HDA) concentration (LPO index) was measured spectrophotometrically. KIO3 increased LPO with the strongest damaging effect (MDA + 4-HDA level: ≈1.28 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) revealed at concentrations of around 15 mM, thus corresponding to physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid. Melatonin reduced LPO (MDA + 4-HDA levels: from ≈0.97 to ≈0,76 and from ≈0,64 to ≈0,49 nmol/mg protein, p < 0.05) induced by KIO3 at concentrations of 10 mM or 7.5 mM. Conclusion: Melatonin can reduce very strong oxidative damage to membrane lipids caused by KIO3 used in doses resulting in physiological iodine concentrations in the thyroid.

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Nativer 99mTc-Uptake in der Differentialdiagnostik von unauffälliger Schilddrüse, Struma mit Euthyreose und Schilddrüsenautonomie in einem Jodmangelgebiet

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1629519 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 29 (03) ◽

pp. 113-119

Author(s):

C. R. Pickardt ◽

K. Horn ◽

G. Bechtner ◽

C. Vaitl ◽

C. M. Kirsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Iodine ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽

Large Scatter ◽

Spot Urine ◽

Iodine Supply ◽

Iodine Contamination ◽

Iodine Excretion ◽

Overt Hyperthyroidism

Global TcTU was determined in 568 patients without any specific thyroid drug intake - 54 with normal thyroid, 274 with goitre and euthyroidism and 240 with thyroid autonomy. 57 patients with autonomy and overt hyperthyroidism were the only group with TcTU values significantly higher than normals. Common to all groups was a large scatter of the TcTU values. In 332, the effects of individual iodine supply were studied by measuring the iodine concentration in spot urine samples. There was a significant inverse correlation between the TcTU values and the urinary iodine excretion in the groups of normal thyroids and of goitres with euthyroidism. In the group with autonomy an effect of iodine supply could only be seen in cases of greatly increased urinary iodine excretion, resulting in very low TcTU values. Out of 20 patients with autonomy and iodine contamination, only 4 showed overt hyperthyroidism. The large scatter of TcTU values in all groups may be explained by the persistent iodine deficiency as well as by the frequent exposure to unknown amounts of iodine in patients with thyroid disease. Therefore, the spontaneous TcTU alone cannot identify a small group of patients with autonomy and high risk of iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, from a very large group of patients with goitre.

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Detoxification of Aflatoxin B1 in Peanut Oil by Iodine Doped Supported TiO2 Thin Film Under Ultraviolet Light Irradiation

Current Nanoscience ◽

10.2174/1573413714666180621112032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 188-196 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chengpeng Xu ◽

Shengying Ye ◽

Xiaolei Cui ◽

Quan Zhang ◽

Yan Liang

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Photocatalytic Degradation ◽

Aflatoxin B1 ◽

Tio2 Thin Film ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Glass Tube ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Peanut Oil ◽

Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽

Supported Tio2

Background: Improper storage and raw materials make peanut oil susceptible to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The semiconductor TiO2 photocatalysis technology is an effective technology which is widely used in sewage treatment, environmental protection and so on. Moreover, the photocatalytic efficiency can be improved by doping I. Method: The experiment is divided into two parts. In the first part, supported TiO2 thin film (STF) was prepared on the quartz glass tube (QGT) by the sol-gel and calcination method and the supported iodine doped supported TiO2 thin film (I-STF) was synthesized using potassium iodate solution. In the second part, the photocatalytic degradation of AFB1 was performed in a self-made photocatalytic reactor. The AFB1 was detected by ELISA kit. Results: The photocatalytic degradation of AFB1 has been proven to follow pseudo first-order reaction kinetics well (R2 > 0.95). The maximum degradation rate of 81.96%, which was reached at the optimum iodine concentration of 0.1mol/L, was 11.38% higher than that with undoped STF. The doping of iodine reduces the band-gap of TiO2, thereby increasing the photocatalytic response range. The proportion of Ti4+ in I-STF has decreased, which means that Ti4+ are replaced by I. The I-STF prepared at iodine concentration of 0.1mol/L has good photocatalytic properties.

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Electronic and ionic conduction in ligand-free lead selenide colloidal quantum dots

Results in Physics ◽

10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 103113

Author(s):

Byoungnam Park

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Ionic Conduction ◽

Lead Selenide ◽

Colloidal Quantum Dots ◽

Ligand Free

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Relationship Between Thyroid Hormonal Status in Patients with a Hypothyroid Form of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis and Iodine Concentrations in Drinking Water

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-021-02640-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Olha Kasiyan ◽

Halyna Tkachenko ◽

Natalia Kurhaluk ◽

Svitlana Yurchenko ◽

Alek Manenko

Keyword(s):

Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Iodine Intake ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽

Thyroid Peroxidase ◽

Supply Network ◽

Thyroid Status ◽

Thyroglobulin Antibodies ◽

Regressive Analysis

AbstractThe current study aimed to identify correlative and regressive dependencies between the water iodine concentration and the levels of TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), and thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) in the serum of 168 in patients (34 men and 134 women) with a hypothyroid form of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis who use water from the supply network and individual wells. Based on the water iodine concentration, low and moderate degrees of iodine endemia in the location of the patients were determined. In the groups of men and women using water from different water supply sources, there were direct correlations between the water iodine concentrations and the TgAbs and TPOAb titers as well as an inverse dependence between iodine and TSH levels. Multivariate regressive analysis indicated that TgAb and TSH in the group of women using water from a supply network and TPOAb titers in the group of women using well water were independent factors associated with water iodine concentrations. Statistically significant correlations and regressive dependencies between the water iodine concentrations and the biomarkers of the thyroid status of the patients indicate the risk of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis progression, especially among women with additional iodine intake.

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Association of Salt Iodization and Urine Iodine Concentration in Schoolchildren from Public Schools in Northeast of Brazil

Biological Trace Element Research ◽

10.1007/s12011-020-02571-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Renata de Oliveira Campos ◽

Sara Cristina Rebouças Lima ◽

Jair de Souza Braga Filho ◽

Joice Santos de Jesus ◽

Sara Moreira Anunciação ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Schools ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Salt Iodization ◽

Urine Iodine

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Scattering Mechanisms and Suppression of Bipolar Diﬀusion Eﬀect in Bi2Te2.85Se0.15Ix Compounds

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14061564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 1564

Author(s):

Jin Hee Kim ◽

Song Yi Back ◽

Jae Hyun Yun ◽

Ho Seong Lee ◽

Jong-Soo Rhyee

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Carrier Concentration ◽

Hall Mobility ◽

Lattice Distortion ◽

Phonon Scattering ◽

Iodine Concentration ◽

Mean Free Path ◽

Bandgap Energy ◽

Diffusion Effect ◽

Iodine Doping

We investigated the anisotropic thermoelectric properties of the Bi2Te2.85Se0.15Ix (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 mol.%) compounds, synthesized by ball-milling and hot-press sintering. The electrical conductivities of the Bi2Te2.85Se0.15Ix were significantly improved by the increase of carrier concentration. The dominant electronic scattering mechanism was changed from the mixed (T ≤ 400 K) and ionization scattering (T ≥ 420 K) for pristine compound (x = 0.0) to the acoustic phonon scattering by the iodine doping. The Hall mobility was also enhanced with the increasing carrier concentration. The enhancement of Hall mobility was caused by the increase of the mean free path of the carrier from 10.8 to 17.7 nm by iodine doping, which was attributed to the reduction of point defects without the meaningful change of bandgap energy. From the electron diffraction patterns, a lattice distortion was observed in the iodine doped compounds. The modulation vector due to lattice distortion increased with increasing iodine concentration, indicating the shorter range lattice distortion in real space for the higher iodine concentration. The bipolar thermal conductivity was suppressed, and the effective masses were increased by iodine doping. It suggests that the iodine doping minimizes the ionization scattering giving rise to the suppression of the bipolar diffusion effect, due to the prohibition of the BiTe1 antisite defect, and induces the lattice distortion which decreases lattice thermal conductivity, resulting in the enhancement of thermoelectric performance.

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