A study on plasma keyhole welding of stainless steel grade 316

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Emmanuel Sam Franklin ◽  
S.J. Vijay ◽  
S. Mohanasundaram ◽  
I. Kantharaj ◽  
D.J. Hiran Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Keyhole Welding

SANDVIK SANMAC 4571

Alloy Digest ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract Sandvik SANMAC 4571 is a Sandvik hollow bar material. It is a stabilized austenitic stainless steel grade in hollow bar that meets the chemical requirements of DIN WNr. 1.4571 and UNS S31635, but has improved machinability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, microstructure, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-930. Producer or source: Sandvik Steel Company.

AK STEEL TYPE 304

Alloy Digest ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Carbide Precipitation ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Steel Type ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Type 304 ◽  
Lower Carbon

Abstract AK Steel Type 304 is a chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel. It is a variation of the base 18-8 grade, but with higher chromium and lower carbon content. The lower carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation due to welding and reduces its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. Type 304 is the most versatile and widely used stainless steel grade. It combines good resistance to atmospheric corrosion and to many chemicals, food, and beverages. It has excellent formability. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties as well as fatigue. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming and joining. Filing Code: SS-1317. Producer or source: AK Steel Corporation. Originally published April 2020, corrected May 2020.

MAGIVAL MG2

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Coercive Force ◽  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steels ◽  
Magnetic Applications

Abstract MAGIVAL MG2 is a free machining ferritic stainless steel grade with the same high machinability and corrosion resistance as type 430F, but offering a higher magnetic permeability and lower coercive force than MG1 (Alloy Digest SS-1159, October 2013). Magival is a group of easily workable ferritic stainless steels developed for magnetic applications where high permeability and low coercive force are required. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1161. Producer or source: Valbruna Stainless Steel.

scholarly journals Impact of Solidification on Inclusion Morphology in ESR and PESR Remelted Martensitic Stainless Steel Ingots

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Ewa Sjöqvist Persson ◽  
Sofia Brorson ◽  
Alec Mitchell ◽  
Pär G. Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Dendritic Structure ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Solidification Structure ◽  
Production Scale ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
Steel Ingots ◽  
Columnar Dendritic Structure ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on the impact of solidification on the inclusion morphologies in different sizes of production-scale electro-slag remelting (ESR) and electro-slag remelting under a protected pressure-controlled atmosphere, (PESR), ingots, in a common martensitic stainless steel grade. The investigation has been carried out to increase the knowledge of the solidification and change in inclusion morphologies during ESR and PESR remelting. In order to optimize process routes for different steel grades, it is important to define the advantages of different processes. A comparison is made between an electrode, ESR, and PESR ingots with different production-scale ingot sizes, from 400 mm square to 1050 mm in diameter. The electrode and two of the smallest ingots are from the same electrode charge. The samples are taken from both the electrode, ingots, and rolled/forged material. The solidification structure, dendrite arm spacing, chemical analyzes, and inclusion number on ingots and/or forged/rolled material are studied. The results show that the larger the ingot and the further towards the center of the ingot, the larger inclusions are found. As long as an ingot solidifies with a columnar dendritic structure (DS), the increase in inclusion number and size with ingot diameter is approximately linear. However, at the ingot size (1050 mm in diameter in this study) when the center of the ingot converts to solidification in the equiaxial mode (EQ), the increase in number and size of the inclusions is much higher. The transition between a dendritic and an equiaxial solidification in the center of the ingots in this steel grade takes place in the region between the ingot diameters of 800 and 1050 mm.

Analysis of Eddy-Current Measurement System for Residual Stress Assessment in Stainless Steel Grade 304

2015 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 623-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherdpong Jomdecha ◽  
Isaratat Phung-On
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Current Measurement ◽  
Residual Stress Measurement ◽  
Stress Assessment

The objective of this paper is an analysis of statistical discreteness and measurement capability of an eddy-current measurement system for residual stress assessment in stainless steel Grade 304 (SS304). Cylindrical specimens with 50 mm in diameter and 12 mm thickness were prepared to generate residual stress by Resistance Spot Welding at which the welding currents were set at 12, 14, and 16 kA. The eddy-current measurement system was including a probe with frequency range of 0.1 to 3 MHz and an eddy current flaw detector. They were performed by contacting the probe on the specimen. The measurements were performed particularly in the vicinity of heat affected zone (HAZ). In order to determine the results of the residual stress measurement, the calibration curves between static tensile stress and eddy current impedance at various frequencies were accomplished. The Measurement System Analysis (MSA) was utilized to evaluate the changed eddy-current probe impedance from residual stress. The results showed that using eddy current technique at 1 MHz for residual stress measurement was the most efficient. It can be achieved the Gauge Repeatability & Reproducibility %GR&R at 16.61479 and Number of Distinct Categories (NDC) at 8. As applied on actual butt welded joint, it could yield the uncertainty of ± 58 MPa at 95 % (UISO).

Ferritic Stainless Steel Grade with Improved Durability for High Temperature Exhaust Manifold

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Santacreu ◽  
Saghi Saedlou ◽  
Laurent FAIVRE ◽  
Antoine ACHER ◽  
Johan Leseux
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Exhaust Manifold

OUTOKUMPU MODA 430/4016

Alloy Digest ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Type 304

Abstract OUTOKUMPU MODA 430/4016 is a 16% chromium ferritic stainless steel that combines good mechanical properties with good corrosion resistance and heat and oxidation resistance up to 815 °C (1500 °F). It is the most commonly used ferritic stainless steel grade and can be used to replace type 304 austenitic stainless steel in certain applications. It is best suited for mildly corrosive environments. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1340. Producer or source: Outokumpu Oyj.

scholarly journals Study on the Deformation behaviour of Non–Hardenable Ferritic Stainless Steel (grade X6Cr17) by Hot Torsion Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Imre Kiss ◽  
Vasile Alexa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Deformation Behaviour ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Steel Grade ◽  
Deformation Resistance ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Hot Torsion

The knowledge about the characteristics of deformability (deformation resistance and plasticity) has for the technologist, as well as for the designer and researcher, a great practical significance, because they are important elements in establishing a correct technological process. The change of deformation conditions existing in the industrial process, such as the temperature and rate of deformation, are difficult to consider for correcting the deformability determined by testing. The chemical composition of the material influences the plasticity and its deformation resistance both by the nature and distribution of the alloying elements and by the phase transformations they produce. In this paper, through "deformability", we cover all properties characterizing the deformation behaviour of alloys. In this sense, "deformation resistance" is expressed through the unit strain required to produce a certain degree of plastic deformation, under the conditions of a particular diagram of tensions, deformations and deformation rates, in the absence of external friction forces. Plasticity, being the ability of metallic materials to deform plastic under the action of external forces, is influenced by a number of material characteristics (chemical composition, structure) and other factors characteristic of the deformation (temperature, degree and speed of deformation, applied mechanical scheme). Plasticity is characterized, in the torsion test, by the number of rotations made by the specimen until breakage. A number of methods have already been used for the study of deformability. This study includes the results of hot torsion tests conducted to find the plasticity and deformability characteristics of ferritic stainless steel (non–hardenable stainless steel, grade X6Cr17), which is a flexible grade of the stainless steel family with properties closely matching those of the more popular and expensive austenitic grade.

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