scholarly journals Weight velocity equations with 14–448 days time separated weights should not be used for infants under 3 years of age

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 109234
Author(s):  
Martin J.C. van Gemert ◽  
Cornelis M.A. Bruijninckx ◽  
H.A. Martino Neumann ◽  
Pieter J.J. Sauer ◽  
D. Martijn de Bruin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Velocity

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequalities in children’s weight, height and BMI trajectories in Norway

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teferi Mekonnen ◽  
Eleni Papadopoulou ◽  
Onyebuchi A. Arah ◽  
Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽  
Nanna Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Linear Mixed Effects ◽  
Parental Income ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
Bmi Trajectories ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Weight Velocity

AbstractStudies exploring when social inequalities in body mass index (BMI) and its composites emerge and how these evolve with age are limited. Thus, this study explored parental income and education related inequalities in children’s weight, height, weight velocity and body mass index among Norwegian children from 1 month to 8 years. The study population included 59,927 family/children pairs participating in the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study. Growth was modelled using the Jenss–Bayley model and linear mixed effects analyses were conducted. Maternal and paternal educational differences in children’s weight and BMI trajectories emerged during infancy, continuing to age 8 years. Parental income-related inequalities in children’s weight were observed from the age of 1 month to 4 years for maternal and up to 1 year for paternal income-related differences but then disappeared. Parental income-related inequalities in child’s BMI were observed from 18 months to 8 years for maternal income, and from 9 months to 8 years for paternal income-related differences. These results suggest that social inequalities in children’s BMI present early in infancy and continue to 8 years of age. The inequalities sometimes differed by indicator of socioeconomic position used. Interventions to combat these inequalities early in life are, thus needed.

Weight Velocity in Infants and Children

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Danner ◽  
Rebecca Joeckel ◽  
Sandra Michalak ◽  
Sharon Phillips ◽  
Praveen S. Goday
Keyword(s):  
Infants And Children ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Weight Velocity

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-157
Author(s):  
Margaret W. Shull ◽  
Johanna T. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Weight Velocity

Dr Dillard has interpreted our results as an attempt to show adverse effects of prolonged breast-feeding. In studying the less than 2-year-old vegetarians we found it necessary to note the effects of breast-feeding. The breastfed infants had reduced weight, but not length velocities. These velocities were compared to Harvard growth norms and a reduced weight velocity does not necessarily imply a health hazard. What appears to be unique among this group is the extended breast-feeding and reduced weight gain velocity up to 2 years of age.

EFFECT OF BOVINE GROWTH HORMONE AND A PARTIALLY PURE PREPARATION OF SOMATOMEDIN ON VARIOUS GROWTH PARAMETERS IN HYPOPITUITARY DWARF MICE

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. HOLDER ◽  
E. M. SPENCER ◽  
M. A. PREECE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Costal Cartilage ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Dwarf Mice ◽  
Weight Velocity

The growth-promoting effects of a partially purified preparation of somatomedin (12·7 units/mg) were compared with those of various doses of bovine GH (5, 20 and 80 μg/day) when injected into hypopituitary dwarf mice. Growth parameters studied were body-weight and tail-length velocities (calculated as the slope of a regression line fitted to daily measurements against time), uptake of 35SO2−4 into costal cartilage in vivo and organ weights (heart, liver and kidney). In the first experiment somatomedin (6·4 units/day), bovine GH and 0·9% NaCl were injected once daily in a volume of 0·1 ml for 10 days. Treatment with bovine GH promoted a significant dose-dependent increase in body-weight and tail-length velocities and 35SO2−4 uptake into costal cartilage in vivo. Somatomedin also promoted a significant increase in body-weight velocity and 35SO2−4 uptake, both responses were between that observed with the lowest dose of bovine GH and control values. Somatomedin did not promote increase in tail-length velocity. Organ weights did not differ significantly between any of the treatment groups when expressed as mg/g body weight. In the second experiment somatomedin (a daily total of 21·6 units/day) and 0·9% NaCl were injected three times per day in a volume of 0·033 ml, bovine GH was again injected once daily in a volume of 0·1 ml, and the treatment period was 12 days. As in the first experiment all doses of bovine GH and somatomedin promoted a significant increase in body-weight velocity. These results are consistent with the somatomedin hypothesis.

A Non-Dimensional Weight-Velocity Parameter for Estimating Drag Force and Net Deformation of Gravity Fish Cages

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyrre Vikestad ◽  
Egil Lien
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Drag Force ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Mooring System ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Velocity Parameter ◽  
Gravity Forces ◽  
Net Cage ◽  
Fish Cages ◽  
Weight Velocity

Most floating fish cages consist of a floating cage collar, mooring system, and net cage hanging freely down from the floater. Any current moving through the net will deform the net. This deformation depends on the current velocity, the nets ability to attract forces, and the gravity forces from weights at the lower end of the net. The forces on the net will vary with the deformation. This paper shows that for this kind of cage, a reduced velocity Vred = U·(ρ/2G)1/2, where G is the equivalent weight per area of the net, will be sufficient to estimate the drag force and deformation of the net. The present work is analytical, combined with computer simulations. The reduced velocity parameter could be used to determine the needed bottom weights. The quick estimation of the drag force on the net could be used as an input to mooring design.

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