Conflict monitoring and error processing: New insights from simultaneous EEG–fMRI

NeuroImage ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 395-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reto Iannaccone ◽  
Tobias U. Hauser ◽  
Philipp Staempfli ◽  
Susanne Walitza ◽  
Daniel Brandeis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Processing ◽  
Conflict Monitoring

scholarly journals Does Co-Occurring Anxiety Modulate ADHD-Related Cognitive and Neurophysiological Impairments?

2019 ◽  
pp. 108705471987949
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Adamo ◽  
Giorgia Michelini ◽  
Celeste H. M. Cheung ◽  
Jan K. Buitelaar ◽  
Philip Asherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Continuous Performance Test ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Continuous Performance ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Commission Errors ◽  
Wide Range

Objective: This study investigates whether anxiety modulates cognitive-performance, electrophysiological and electrodermal processes that we previously found impaired in individuals with ADHD. Method: Self-reported anxiety symptoms, cognitive-electrophysiological measures of response inhibition, working memory, attention, conflict monitoring, error processing, and peripheral arousal during three cognitive tasks were obtained from 87 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 169 controls. We tested the association of anxiety symptoms with each measure and whether controlling for anxiety symptoms attenuates the ADHD–control difference for each measure. Results: Individuals with ADHD showed significantly elevated anxiety symptoms compared with controls. Only commission errors on a Continuous Performance Test (measuring response inhibition) were significantly associated with anxiety symptoms and only among controls, with the ADHD–control difference in this measure remaining significant. Conclusion: Using a wide range of cognitive, electrophysiological, and electrodermal measures, our investigation suggests, overall, limited malleability of these impairments in individuals with ADHD irrespective of their levels of anxiety.

A midline dissociation between error-processing and response-conflict monitoring

NeuroImage ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1132-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Garavan ◽  
T.J Ross ◽  
J Kaufman ◽  
E.A Stein
Keyword(s):  
Response Conflict ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Conflict Monitoring

scholarly journals Domain-general conflict monitoring predicts neural and behavioral indices of linguistic error processing during reading comprehension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Brothers ◽  
Margarita Zeitlin ◽  
Arim Choi Perrachione ◽  
Connie Choi ◽  
Gina Kuperberg
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Error Detection ◽  
Working Memory Capacity ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Verbal Knowledge ◽  
Acceptability Judgments

AbstractThe ability to detect and respond to linguistic errors is critical for successful reading comprehension, but these skills can vary considerably across readers. In the current study, healthy adults (age 18-35) read short discourse scenarios for comprehension while monitoring for the presence of semantic anomalies. Using a factor analytic approach, we examined if performance in non-linguistic conflict monitoring tasks (Stroop, AX-CPT) would predict individual differences in neural and behavioral measures of linguistic error processing. Consistent with our hypothesis, domain-general conflict monitoring predicted both readers’ end-of-trial acceptability judgments and the amplitude of a late neural response (the P600) evoked by linguistic anomalies. Interestingly, the influence on the P600 was non-linear, suggesting that online neural responses to linguistic errors are influenced by both the effectiveness and efficiency of domain-general conflict monitoring. These relationships were also highly specific and remained after controlling for variability in working memory capacity and verbal knowledge. Finally, we found that domain-general conflict monitoring also predicted individual variability in measures of reading comprehension, and that this relationship was partially mediated by behavioral measures of linguistic error detection. These findings inform our understanding of the role of domain-general executive functions in reading comprehension, with potential implications for the diagnosis and treatment of language impairments.

Conflict Monitoring Across the Life Span

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Czernochowski
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Conflict Detection ◽  
Response Conflict ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Conflict Detection And Resolution

Errors can play a major role for optimizing subsequent performance: Response conflict associated with (near) errors signals the need to recruit additional control resources to minimize future conflict. However, so far it remains open whether children and older adults also adjust their performance as a function of preceding response conflict. To examine the life span development of conflict detection and resolution, response conflict was elicited during a task-switching paradigm. Electrophysiological correlates of conflict detection for correct and incorrect responses and behavioral indices of post-error adjustments were assessed while participants in four age groups were asked to focus on either speed or accuracy. Despite difficulties in resolving response conflict, the ability to detect response conflict as indexed by the Ne/ERN component was expected to mature early and be preserved in older adults. As predicted, reliable Ne/ERN peaks were detected across age groups. However, only for adults Ne/ERN amplitudes associated with errors were larger compared to Nc/CRN amplitudes for correct trials under accuracy instructions, suggesting an ongoing maturation in the ability to differentiate levels of response conflict. Behavioral interference costs were considerable in both children and older adults. Performance for children and older adults deteriorated rather than improved following errors, in line with intact conflict detection, but impaired conflict resolution. Thus, participants in all age groups were able to detect response conflict, but only young adults successfully avoided subsequent conflict by up-regulating control.

scholarly journals Phonological transfer effects in novice learners: A learner's brain detects grammar errors only if the language sounds familiar

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sabine Gosselke Berthelsen ◽  
Merle Horne ◽  
Yury Shtyrov ◽  
Mikael Roll
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Error Processing ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Association Learning ◽  
Novice Learners ◽  
Grammar Rules ◽  
Related Response

Abstract Many aspects of a new language, including grammar rules, can be acquired and accessed within minutes. In the present study, we investigate how initial learners respond when the rules of a novel language are not adhered to. Through spoken word-picture association-learning, tonal and non-tonal speakers were taught artificial words. Along with lexicosemantic content expressed by consonants, the words contained grammatical properties embedded in vowels and tones. Pictures that were mismatched with any of the words’ phonological cues elicited an N400 in tonal learners. Non-tonal learners only produced an N400 when the mismatch was based on a word's vowel or consonants, not the tone. The emergence of the N400 might indicate that error processing in L2 learners (unlike canonical processing) does not initially differentiate between grammar and semantics. Importantly, only errors based on familiar phonological cues evoked a mismatch-related response, highlighting the importance of phonological transfer in initial second language acquisition.

scholarly journals The processing of visual food cues during bitter aftertaste perception in females with high vs. low disgust propensity: an fMRI study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Schienle ◽  
Albert Wabnegger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Trait ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Visual Food Cues ◽  
Disgust Propensity

AbstractAn extremely bitter taste can signal food spoilage, and therefore typically elicits disgust. The present cross-modal functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment investigated whether the personality trait ‘disgust propensity’ (DP; temporally stable tendency to experience disgust across different situations) has an influence on the processing of visual food cues during bitter aftertaste perception. Thirty females with high DP and 30 females with low DP viewed images depicting sweet food (e.g., cakes, ice cream) and vegetables, once in combination with an extremely bitter aftertaste (concentrated wormwood tea), and once with a neutral taste (water). Females highly prone to disgust (compared to low disgust-prone females) showed increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and increased mPFC-insula connectivity when presented with the mismatch of a bitter aftertaste and visual cues of sweet food. The ACC is involved in conflict monitoring and is strongly interconnected with insular areas. This connection plays a critical role in awareness of changes in homeostatic states. Our findings indicate that the personality trait DP is associated with cross-modal integration processes of disgust-relevant information. Females high in DP were more alert to food-related sensory mismatch (pleasant visual features, aversive taste) than females low in DP.

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