scholarly journals Executive control by fronto-parietal activity explains counterintuitive decision behavior in complex value-based decision-making

NeuroImage ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 118892
Author(s):  
Teppei Matsui ◽  
Yoshiki Hattori ◽  
Kaho Tsumura ◽  
Ryuta Aoki ◽  
Masaki Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Decision Behavior

scholarly journals Age Differences in Executive Control Assessed with a Robotic Object Hit and Avoid Test of Rapid Motor Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 881-882
Author(s):  
Alexandra Watral ◽  
Kevin Trewartha
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Neuropsychological Tasks ◽  
Measures Of Performance

Abstract Motor decision-making processes are required for many standard neuropsychological tasks, including the Trail Making Test (TMT), that aim to assess cognitive functioning in older adults. However, in their standard formats, it is difficult to isolate the relative contributions of sensorimotor and cognitive processes to performance on these neuropsychological tasks. Recently developed clinical tasks use a robotic manipulandum to assess both motor and cognitive aspects of rapid motor decision making in an object hit (OH) and object hit and avoid (OHA) task. We administered the OH and OHA tasks to 77 healthy younger adults and 59 healthy older adults to assess age differences in the motor and cognitive measures of performance. We administered the TMT parts A and B to assess the extent to which OHA performance is associated with executive functioning in particular. The results indicate that after controlling for hand speed, older adults performed worse on the OH and OHA tasks than younger adults, performance declines were far greater in the OHA task, and the global performance measures, which have been associated with cognitive status, were more sensitive to age differences than motor measures of performance. Those global measures of performance were also associated with measures of executive functioning on the TMT task. These findings provide evidence that rapid motor decision making tasks are sensitive to declines in executive control in aging. They also provide a way to isolate cognitive declines from declines in sensorimotor processes that are likely a contributing factor to age differences in neuropsychological test performance.

A Look at the Intelligence Establishment

Worldview ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Paul W. Blackstock
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
National Security ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Original Work ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Intelligence Community ◽  
Intelligence System ◽  
Vanderbilt University

Under a new title, The Intelligence Establishment (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970), Professor Harry Howe Ransom of Vanderbilt University has thoroughly revised and up-dated his original work, Central Intelligence and National Security, which first appeared in 1958. The result is a highly readable, well-informed survey of the intelligence community (including a new chapter on the British intelligence system), plus penetrating essays on the nature of intelligence, its relationship to national policy and decision-making, surveillance by Congress, and the related problems of administration and executive control.

Effects of Verbal Decision Behavior upon Respiration During Speech Production

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Webb ◽  
Frederick Williams ◽  
Fred D. Minifie
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Decision Behavior ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Hold Period ◽  
Demand Condition ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Continuous Measures

This study tests the hypothesis that respiratory activity during induced silent pausing decreases when the speaker is faced with increased demands upon decision behavior. Two conditions, reasoned to impose restrictions upon the hypothesis, were manipulated in addition to the variable of decision demand: (1) the grammatical environment in which silent pausing was induced, and (2) the level of breath supply at the moment of pause inducement. Continuous measures of breathing were obtained by use of a respirometer while subjects were performing an oral reading task which involved decision-making during a two-second induced silence. The breathing measures were subsequently divided into eight quarter-second intervals for analysis. Results indicated that the only outcome supportive of the hypothesis was in the last half-second of the “hold” period in the case of within phrase environments. Such results were independent of the breath supply conditions. Further analyses indicated that lower mean values of air moved in the increased decision demand condition were a function of fewer subjects breathing, rather than of subjects breathing less.

Online Shopping Decision Behavior under Chinese Scene: Retrospect and Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 3858-3861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Decision Behavior ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

Online shopping as a new consumption pattern has been widely recognized . Therefore, the research on the decision-making behavior of online shopping provides a certain reference significance for the development of e-commerce and other relevant industries. This study from the research topic, scope and methods were compared with classical theory and previous research results. Aiming to explore the future trends of the research in this field, this study will propose future research prospects of online shopping decision-making behavior.

The Impact of Consumption Vision and Emotion on the Tourism Consumer’s Decision Behavior

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Walters ◽  
Beverley Sparks ◽  
Carmel Herington
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Print Advertising ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Decision Behavior ◽  
Future Consumption ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concrete Words

Planning or deciding where to vacation may rely on nonrational thought and be influenced by imaginative processes such as creating visions of oneself in future consumption experiences together with associated emotions. This study examined the influence of pictorial and textual stimuli on dimensions of consumer consumption vision. It also tested whether elaborate and quality consumption visionary responses to print advertising, mediated by emotional responses, result in heightened product interest and expedited purchase decisions. Two hundred and sixty community members participated in the study measuring consumption vision, emotions, and decision making by responding to simulated advertising material. Pictures together with concrete words influenced consumption vision elaboration, whereas instructions to imagine alone versus concrete words influenced consumption vision quality. A series of standard regression analyses tested these propositions and confirmed emotion as a mediating variable for consumption vision and vacation purchase decisions.

scholarly journals Psychophysiology and high-performance cognition - a brief review of the literature

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cognitive States ◽  
Decision Making Problem ◽  
High Level

The psychophysiological method can be used to detect some simple cognitive states such as arousal, attentiveness, or mental workload. This approach can be especially interesting when cognition has some productive purpose, as in knowledge work, and tends to be related to human-computer interaction (HCI). However more interesting for applied purposes are acts of coordinated high-level cognition. High- level (or higher-order) cognition (HLC) is typically associated with decision making, problem solving, and executive control of cognition and action. Further, an intuitive approach for assessing whether someone is engaged in HLC is to measure their performance of a known task. Given this, it is reasonable to define high-performance cognition (HPC) as HLC under some performance restriction, such as real-time pressure or expert skill level. Such states are also interesting for HCI in work, and their detection represents an ambitious aim for using the psychophysiological method. We report a brief review of the literature on the topic.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document