Stable Strategy Formation for Mobile Users in Crowdsensing Using Co-Evolutionary Model

In crowdsensing, the diversity of the sensing tasks and an enhancement of the smart devices enable mobile users to accept multiple types of tasks simultaneously. In this study, we propose a new practical framework for dealing with the challenges of task assignment and user incentives posed by complex heterogeneous task scenarios in a crowdsensing market full of competition. First, based on the non-cooperative game property of mobile users, the problem is formulated into a Nash equilibrium problem. Then, to provide an efficient solution, a judgment method based on constraints (sensing time and sensing task dimension) is designed to decompose the problems into different situations according to the complexity. We propose a genetic-algorithm-based approach to find the combination of tasks that maximizes the utility of users and adopts a co-evolutionary model to formulate a stable sensing strategy that maintains the maximum utility of all users. Furthermore, we reveal the impact of competition between users and tasks on user strategies and use a cooperative weight to reflect it mathematically. Based on this, an infeasible solution repair method is designed in the genetic algorithm to reduce the search space, thus effectively accelerating the convergence speed. Extensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Quarterly seasonality and momentum strategy implementation

PurposeMomentum strategies exhibit quarterly seasonality, earning significantly higher average strategy returns in the third month of the quarter than the first month. The authors evaluate the magnitude of quarterly seasonality in various momentum strategies to examine the relation between quarterly seasonality and risk-adjusted monthly returns.Design/methodology/approachThe authors construct long-short portfolios for various types of momentum strategies and calculate the average returns of these portfolios in the three months of the quarter. They also calculate the average changes in institutional ownership across the different portfolios.FindingsThe authors demonstrate that quarterly seasonality is directly associated with quarterly changes in net purchases by institutional investors. Additionally, they show that near-term price momentum exhibits more seasonality than other momentum strategies, consistent with institutional investor incentives.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers studying momentum should understand that quarterly seasonality increases the standard deviation of monthly returns for different types of momentum strategies.Practical implicationsIndividual investors and investment managers should consider whether it is early or late in the calendar quarter when implementing momentum strategies.Originality/valueQuarterly seasonality explains several seemingly independent findings in the momentum literature. In cases where researchers show one momentum strategy outperforms another on a risk-adjusted basis, the authors find that the superior strategy exhibits less quarterly seasonality. This pattern holds across types of momentum strategies, strategy formation periods and asset classes.

Developing an Industry and Innovation Cluster Strategy Through the Parallel and Sequential Real Options Method

Subject. This article considers the issues of formation of an innovation and industrial cluster's strategy through the parallel and sequential real options method. Objectives. The article aims to develop an innovation and industrial cluster's strategy formation methodology using parallel and sequential real options. Methods. For the study, we used the compound real options technique. Results. The article presents an original methodology for developing an innovation and industrial cluster's development strategy, taking into account the assessment of the priorities of the cluster itself and the region where it is located. The process of forming a strategy for the development of a pilot cluster of the electric power industry in the Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, represented by PAO TNS Energo NN, is considered as a case study of the implementation of the presented methodology. Conclusions and Relevance. The presented methodology will help further realize the innovative potential available in the region. The results obtained can be useful to public authorities when planning the development of industrial and innovation clusters and the harmonious development of the country's regions.

Strategy Processes and Practices

Strategy process research has yielded a richer understanding of the emergence of strategies from throughout the organization and over extended periods of time; strategy-as-practice research has helped us understand the range of actors involved in strategy and the tools they draw on in their strategy work. The purpose of this chapter is to encourage research that combines insights from these two traditions. First, the chapter offers brief overviews of process and practice research. Then, the chapter reviews the most recent work from 2018 onward. Most of the text, however, goes to discussing future research that combines process and practice perspectives and that focuses on four themes: temporality and spatiality, actors and agency, cognition and emotionality, and language and meaning. These themes are woven together by two “red threads”—strategy digitalization and strategy inclusion—that we expect will have significant impact on strategy formation.

DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION OF THE INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT TRAJECTORY

The task of control from the position of mathematical tools application is discussed, economic statement and mathematical model of optimization problem are formulated, the sequential realization of the research aim - the mechanism of optimal portfolio management strategy formation - is presented. The results of dynamic optimization of decisions made at each step form the optimum law of the portfolio management. Scientific novelty of the study consists in the fact that the constructed portfolio takes into account the real incompleteness of the initial data on the processes of change in the yields of securities; there is no need to build a set of effective portfolios and indifference curves that characterize the risk appetite of investors; private characteristics are not used as the main criteria that determine the structure of the optimal portfolio of securities.

ANALYTICAL TOOLS FOR CONSULTING COMPANY’S DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FORMATION: SELECTION AND OPTIMIZATION

In this paper the different analytical methods of strategic management were summarized as one analytical stage of the whole strategy formation process. The best practice of managers which was described in different research was reviewed and developed in terms to get more quick and suitable management tools for small and medium sized consulting companies. SWOT-analysis was used to estimate basic quality factors, which influence on the company. EFAS, IFAS, SFAS methods were used and supplemented by adding the reference data for consulting companies. Visualization with using a bubble chart was proposed for EFAS, IFAS, SFAS results interpretation with the possibility of considering company’s dynamic changes. The stakeholders’ analysis was proposed to use as a part of analytical stage of development strategy formation process for consulting companies. This type of analysis was improved by using the 5-scored scale estimation as a risk-management tool. That would help to build a stakeholders’ map for further visualization. As a result, the level of strategy objectiveness will be increased, total spent time will be decreased and the strong analytical background for further strategy formation process will be achieved.

Enterprise internal monitoring development as part of the bank lending strategy formation

Introduction. In solving the issue of ensuring the effective implementation of the company’s lending strategy for the purpose of its rational formation, the issues of internal monitoring of enterprises are of particular relevance. Theoretical analysis. The article deals with the theoretical aspects of developing algorithmized tools for the development of a system for monitoring the credit strategy of an enterprise is justified. Empirical analysis. The analysis of the ratio of issued credit loan funds and overdue debt of legal entities of the Russian Federation is carried out, the dynamics of the industries’ debt burden is shown. Results. Methodological approaches to monitoring enterprises in the system of bank lending have been developed. The proposed algorithmized mechanism for monitoring the implementation of the current strategy, which is carried out in two stages. At the same time, at the first stage, an analysis of market and non-market factors affecting the implementation of strategies is carried out. At the second stage, the internal environment of enterprises is analyzed. The practical implementation of the research results suggests the possibility of using a shell-based mechanism for monitoring the credit strategy at specific enterprises.

Contesting Autocracy: Repression and Opposition Coordination in Venezuela

Opposition coordination varies widely in electoral autocracies. Sometimes, opposition parties are highly coordinated and create alliances, present joint candidates or common policy platforms. Yet, at other times, oppositions choose to challenge incumbents individually. This article seeks to explain what drives opposition parties to coordinate in non-democratic regimes. It finds that opponents’ decision-making and strategy formation is influenced by the amount of repression they face from the incumbent regime. It argues that repression has a curvilinear relationship with opposition coordination. When repression is low and high, opposition coordination will be informal or clandestine. However, when repression is at intermediate levels, opposition parties will formally coordinate to dislodge authoritarian incumbents. This article illustrates this argument through an analysis of the Venezuelan opposition under Chavismo (1999–2018), combining 129 interviews with party elites, journalists, academics, and regime defectors, along with archival research at key historical moments.

New Climate Activism between Politics and Law: Analyzing the Strategy of the KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz

Since 2016, a group of senior women organized in the association KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz have been trying to legally force the Swiss government to take stronger climate protection measures. Parallel to the pursuit of a climate lawsuit, the KlimaSeniorinnen have developed into a growing social movement that is present in the media and participates in the public debate on climate change. Building on this specific climate litigation case, the present article analyzes the strategy formation of new actors in the field of climate governance. Based on existing concepts of social movement research, the strategy formation of the KlimaSeniorinnen is reconstructed in terms of a strategic actor who pursues certain strategic orientations in given strategic contexts. The empirical analysis of the strategic context (by means of opportunity structures), the strategic orientations (via collective action frames), and the strategic actor (by means of interviews) shows a double strategy. On the one hand, the KlimaSeniorinnen attempt to address a specific legal opportunity structure with an ‘injustice frame,’ which emphasizes human rights and the special vulnerability of older women to intense heat waves. On the other hand, they want to mobilize public support for an ambitious climate policy by additionally promoting a ‘grandchildren frame,’ which articulates altruistic values, such as responsibility towards future generations. Based on this analysis, both practical implications and consequences for future research on a new climate politics, which is increasingly taking shape between and across different arenas, are discussed.