Photon flux monitor for a mono-energetic gamma ray source

2009 ◽  
Vol 606 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Pywell ◽  
O. Mavrichi ◽  
W.A. Wurtz ◽  
R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Flux Monitor

scholarly journals Моделирование оптических концентраторов для модернизированной камеры черенковского гамма-телескопа TAIGA-IACT

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1601
Author(s):  
А.С. Антонов ◽  
А.А. Богданов ◽  
А.М. Красильщиков ◽  
Е.Е. Холупенко
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Optimal Configuration ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Flux Intensity

A quantitative simulation of a system of optical concentrators based on Winston's hexagonal cones, intended for the registration camera of the TAIGA-IACT Cherenkov gamma-ray telescope, has been performed. The data on the transmission of the cones are obtained; the distributions of the photon flux intensity in the plane of the detector are given. On the basis of the results obtained, an optimal configuration of optical concentrators is proposed, taking into account the design features of the mount, mirror and TAIGA-IACT camera, as well as the features of its new detector units.

scholarly journals Can we observe neutrino flares in coincidence with explosive transients?

2017 ◽  
Vol 603 ◽  
pp. A76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Guépin ◽  
Kumiko Kotera
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Tidal Disruption ◽  
Transient Phenomena ◽  
Bolometric Luminosity ◽  
Neutrino Detection ◽  
Transient Sources ◽  
New Generation

The new generation of powerful instruments is reaching sensitivities and temporal resolutions that will allow multi-messenger astronomy of explosive transient phenomena, with high-energy neutrinos as a central figure. We derive general criteria for the detectability of neutrinos from powerful transient sources for given instrument sensitivities. In practice, we provide the minimum photon flux necessary for neutrino detection based on two main observables: the bolometric luminosity and the time variability of the emission. This limit can be compared to the observations in specified wavelengths in order to target the most promising sources for follow-ups. Our criteria can also help distinguishing false associations of neutrino events with a flaring source. We find that relativistic transient sources such as high- and low-luminosity gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), blazar flares, tidal disruption events, and magnetar flares could be observed with IceCube, as they have a good chance to occur within a detectable distance. Of the nonrelativistic transient sources, only luminous supernovae appear as promising candidates. We caution that our criterion should not be directly applied to low-luminosity GRBs and type Ibc supernovae, as these objects could have hosted a choked GRB, leading to neutrino emission without a relevant counterpart radiation. We treat a set of concrete examples and show that several transients, some of which are being monitored by IceCube, are far from meeting the criterion for detectability (e.g., Crab flares or Swift J1644+57).

Search for point sources of high-energy cosmic gamma rays

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S425-S426 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Delvaille ◽  
P. Albats ◽  
K. I. Greisen ◽  
H. B. Ögelman
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Galactic Disk ◽  
Crab Nebula ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Cas A ◽  
The Crab Nebula

A balloon-borne photographic spark chamber was flown at a pressure of 10 g cm−2 on 14 April 1966 from Holloman A.F.B., New Mexico. Upper limits were obtained on gamma-ray fluxes above 1 GeV from various discrete sources including Cyg A, Cas A, and the Crab nebula. Also a measurement was made on the average photon flux above 1 GeV from a portion of the galactic disk.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Natural Background Radiation in the Polkowice-Sieroszowice Mine, Poland

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4261
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szkliniarz ◽  
Agata Walencik-Łata ◽  
Jan Kisiel ◽  
Kinga Polaczek-Grelik ◽  
Karol Jędrzejczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Flux ◽  
Natural Radioactivity ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Background Radiation ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Rock Samples ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Flux Measurements

Natural radioactivity in underground locations is the main parameter for the safety of work (occupational hazards) and for the success of experiments in physics or biology requiring unique conditions. The characterization of natural prominence was carried out in the Conceptual Lab development in one of KGHM deep copper mines co-ordinated by KGHM Cuprum R&D. Natural radioactivity studies were performed and included in situ gamma spectrometry, neutron flux measurements, radon concentration, and alpha and gamma laboratory spectrometry measurements of rock samples. At a depth of 1014.4 m (2941.8 m w.e.) within the anhydrite layer, a neutron flux of 2.0 ± 0.2 × 10−6 cm−2 s−1, a gamma-ray dose of 0.008 ± 0.001 μSv/h, a photon flux density of 0.64 ± 0.20 cm−2 s−1, and a radon concentration of 6.6 Bq/m3 were determined. Laboratory analyses of 226,228Ra, 40K, and 238,234U concentrations in collected rock samples showed low values. The exceptionally low level of natural radioactivity in the Polkowice-Sieroszowice mine makes this location a unique place for scientific research.

On the possible gamma-ray source in Cygnus

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 469-471
Author(s):  
J. G. Duthie ◽  
M. P. Savedoff ◽  
R. Cobb
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Right Ascension

A source of gamma rays has been found at right ascension 20h15m, declination +35°, with an uncertainty of 6° in each coordinate. Its flux is (1·5 ± 0·8) x 10-4photons cm-2sec-1at 100 MeV. Possible identifications are reviewed, but no conclusion is reached. The mechanism producing the radiation is also uncertain.

Solar Flare Energetic Neutral Emission Measurements in the Project Coronas-I

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 635-639
Author(s):  
J. Baláž ◽  
A. V. Dmitriev ◽  
M. A. Kovalevskaya ◽  
K. Kudela ◽  
S. N. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Flare ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Pulse Shape ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Shape Discrimination ◽  
Solar Neutron ◽  
Low Altitude

AbstractThe experiment SONG (SOlar Neutron and Gamma rays) for the low altitude satellite CORONAS-I is described. The instrument is capable to provide gamma-ray line and continuum detection in the energy range 0.1 – 100 MeV as well as detection of neutrons with energies above 30 MeV. As a by-product, the electrons in the range 11 – 108 MeV will be measured too. The pulse shape discrimination technique (PSD) is used.

A photoelectron microscope study of surfaces

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
W. Engel ◽  
M. Kordesch ◽  
A. M. Bradshaw ◽  
E. Zeitler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Field Strength ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Mercury Lamp ◽  
Object Surface ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Physical Features

Photoelectron microscopy is as old as electron microscopy itself. Electrons liberated from the object surface by photons are utilized to form an image that is a map of the object's emissivity. This physical property is a function of many parameters, some depending on the physical features of the objects and others on the conditions of the instrument rendering the image.The electron-optical situation is tricky, since the lateral resolution increases with the electric field strength at the object's surface. This, in turn, leads to small distances between the electrodes, restricting the photon flux that should be high for the sake of resolution.The electron-optical development came to fruition in the sixties. Figure 1a shows a typical photoelectron image of a polycrystalline tantalum sample irradiated by the UV light of a high-pressure mercury lamp.

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