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Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8404
Author(s):  
Zhanjun Hao ◽  
Daiyang Zhang ◽  
Xiaochao Dang ◽  
Gaoyuan Liu ◽  
Yanhong Bai

With the new coronavirus raging around the world, home isolation has become an effective way to interrupt the spread of the virus. Effective monitoring of people in home isolation has also become a pressing issue. However, the large number of isolated people and the privatized isolated spaces pose challenges for traditional sensing techniques. Ubiquitous Wi-Fi offers new ideas for sensing people indoors. Advantages such as low cost, wide deployment, and high privacy make indoor human activity sensing technology based on Wi-Fi signals increasingly used. Therefore, this paper proposes a contactless indoor person continuous activity sensing method based on Wi-Fi signal Wi-CAS. The method allows for the sensing of continuous movements of home isolated persons. Wi-CAS designs an ensemble classification method based on Hierarchical Clustering (HEC) for the classification of different actions, which effectively improves the action classification accuracy while reducing the processing time. We have conducted extensive experimental evaluations in real home environments. By recording the activities of different people throughout the day, Wi-CAS is very sensitive to unusual activities of people and also has a combined activity recognition rate of 94.3%. The experimental results show that our proposed method provides a low-cost and highly robust solution for supervising the activities of home isolates.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1155-1168
Author(s):  
Pia Horvat ◽  
Christen M. Gray ◽  
Alexandrina Lambova ◽  
Jennifer B. Christian ◽  
Laura Lasiter ◽  
...  

PURPOSE This study compared real-world end points extracted from the Cancer Analysis System (CAS), a national cancer registry with linkage to national mortality and other health care databases in England, with those from diverse US oncology data sources, including electronic health care records, insurance claims, unstructured medical charts, or a combination, that participated in the Friends of Cancer Research Real-World Evidence Pilot Project 1.0. Consistency between data sets and between real-world overall survival (rwOS) was assessed in patients with immunotherapy-treated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with aNSCLC, diagnosed between January 2013 and December 2017, who initiated treatment with approved programmed death ligand-1 (PD-[L]1) inhibitors until March 2018 were included. Real-world end points, including rwOS and real-world time to treatment discontinuation (rwTTD), were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. A synthetic data set, Simulacrum, on the basis of conditional random sampling of the CAS data was used to develop and refine analysis scripts while protecting patient privacy. RESULTS Characteristics (age, sex, and histology) of the 2,035 patients with immunotherapy-treated aNSCLC included in the CAS study were broadly comparable with US data sets. In CAS, a higher proportion (46.7%) of patients received a PD-(L)1 inhibitor in the first line than in US data sets (18%-30%). Median rwOS (11.4 months; 95% CI, 10.4 to 12.7) and rwTTD (4.9 months; 95% CI, 4.7 to 5.1) were within the range of US-based data sets (rwOS, 8.6-13.5 months; rwTTD, 3.2-7.0 months). CONCLUSION The CAS findings were consistent with those from US-based oncology data sets. Such consistency is important for regulatory decision making. Differences observed between data sets may be explained by variation in health care settings, such as the timing of PD-(L)1 approval and reimbursement, and data capture.


2021 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. A61-A62
Author(s):  
C. Amigues ◽  
A. Fresse ◽  
M.D. Drici ◽  
C. Roux ◽  
V. Breuil
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Axel Van Vliet ◽  
Benjamin Haddad ◽  
Vladimir Rotari ◽  
Hugo Najjari ◽  
Vittorio Ferrari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129

The ability to engineer genomes presents a significant opportunity for applied biology research. In 2050, the population of this world is expected to reach 9.6 billion residents; rising food with better quality is the most promising approach to food security. Compared to earlier methodologies including Zinc Finger Nucleases (ZFNs) plus Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), which were expensive as well as time-consuming, innovation in Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and related CRISPR (Cas) protein classifications allowed selective editing of genes for the enhancement of food. The basic mechanism of CRISPR Cas9 process and its applications on genome editing has been summarized in this manuscript. The method relies on Sequence-Specific Nucleases (SSNs) to create Double Stranded Breaks (DSB) of DNA at the locus of genome defined by user, mended by using one of two DNA mending ways: Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) or Homology Directed Repair (HDR). Cas9, an RNA-guided endonuclease, was used to produce stable knock-in and knock-out mutants. The focus of this effort is to explore the CRISPR Cas9 genome editing to manage gene expression and improve future editing success. This adaptable technique can be consumed for a wide range of applications of genome editing requiring high precision. Advances in this technology have sparked renewed interest in the possibilities for editing genome in plants.


2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
Nnamdi Ndubuka ◽  
Braeden Klaver ◽  
Sabyasachi Gupta ◽  
Shree Lamichhane ◽  
Leslie Brooks ◽  
...  

Contexte : Le taux d’incidence de la tuberculose chez les Premières Nations du nord de la Saskatchewan vivant dans les réserves est 1,5 fois plus élevé que la moyenne nationale. En décembre 2018, un membre de l’une de ces communautés a été diagnostiqué avec une tuberculose avec un frottis positif 4+, ce qui a déclenché une enquête sur l’éclosion. Objectifs : Décrire la réponse de la santé publique à l’enquête sur l’éclosion de tuberculose et mettre en évidence les facteurs de risque associés à la transmission de la tuberculose dans le nord de la Saskatchewan; et souligner la pertinence de l’outil de recherche des contacts basée sur les réseaux sociaux dans la gestion des éclosions. Méthodes : L’analyse descriptive comprenait les cas de tuberculose active et les cas d’infection tuberculeuse latente (ITL) liés au cas index par une recherche des contacts. Les données ont été recueillies à partir des cas de tuberculose active. Des analyses statistiques ont été effectuées et une analyse des réseaux sociaux a été réalisée en utilisant les lieux de résidence comme points de contact entre les cas. Résultats : Au total, huit cas de tuberculose active et 41 cas d’ITL ont été identifiés dans le cadre de cette éclosion entre décembre 2018 et mai 2019. La moitié des cas (4/8) étaient âgés de 25 à 34 ans, et cinq d’entre eux avaient un frottis négatif. Un tiers des personnes atteintes d’ITL étaient âgées de 15 à 24 ans, et environ la moitié d’entre elles ont obtenu un résultat positif au nouveau test cutané à la tuberculine (TCT). Les facteurs de risque couramment rapportés pour les cas de tuberculose et d’ITL étaient : la consommation d’alcool, le tabagisme, la consommation de marijuana, une infection tuberculeuse antérieure et être en situation d’itinérance. L’analyse des réseaux sociaux a indiqué une relation entre l’augmentation de la centralité du nœud et le fait de devenir un cas actif. Conclusion : La recherche en temps réel de contacts basée sur les réseaux sociaux, utilisée dans le cadre de la recherche active de cas, a été très efficace pour identifier les cas, et le soutien infirmier renforcé, les cliniques mobiles et la radiographie mobile ont bien fonctionné comme moyen de confirmer les cas et de proposer un traitement. Les éclosions de tuberculose dans les communautés des Premières Nations du nord de la Saskatchewan vivant dans les réserves sont favorisées par des facteurs propres à la population. Les efforts visant à mettre en œuvre des interventions adaptées au contexte sont primordiaux pour gérer les éclosions de tuberculose et prévenir leur transmission future.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hsuan Tsai ◽  
Ying-Hsien Chen ◽  
Mao-Shin Lin ◽  
Ching-Chang Huang ◽  
Chi-Sheng Hung ◽  
...  

AbstractThe safety of endovascular revascularization in patients with carotid artery near occlusion (CANO) is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the peri-procedural risk in CANO patients receiving carotid artery stenting (CAS). A prospective data base with retrospective review was performed to identify patients who underwent CAS with CANO from July 2006 to July 2020, and had at least 1-month clinical follow-up data. The primary endpoints were stroke, hyperperfusion syndrome, and death within 30 days after CAS. A total of 198 patients with carotid artery stenosis were enrolled including 92 patients with CANO and 106 age and sex-matched patients with 70–99% conventional carotid stenosis. Full distal carotid collapse was found in 45 CANO patients (45/92, 49%). The technical success rate was 100%. The CANO patients had significantly longer lesion lengths compared with those of the non-CANO group. The incidence of hyperperfusion syndrome was comparable (CANO: 2.2%, non-CANO: 0.9%, P = 0.598). The risks of ischemic stroke and death within 30 days were 1.1% and 0% in the CANO group; and 1.9% and 0.9%, in the non-CANO group, respectively, without statistical difference. In conclusion, CAS is safe for patients with CANO, with a similar low 30-day peri-procedural event rate comparable to those of non-CANO.


2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Lucie Morin

Depuis 1980, plusieurs municipalités rurales du Québec ont eu recours au développement local pour offrir de meilleures conditions de vie à leurs résidents. Les communautés rurales font face à des défis économiques, sociaux et environnementaux complexes exigeant que les personnes impliquées possèdent certaines connaissances et compétences. Cette recherche souhaite découvrir les phénomènes qui contribuent au développement de la capacité d’agir des personnes impliquées dans une démarche de développement local en milieu rural. Une étude de cas a été réalisée à partir de l’approche de développement local en organisation communautaire et de deux composantes du concept d’empowerment individuel : la participation et les compétences. Les résultats révèlent que la participation et l’acquisition de compétences dépendent de divers facteurs tels que les caractéristiques du profil des personnes, les facteurs favorisant la présence des personnes au sein du projet collectif, la disposition aux apprentissages ainsi que les modes d’apprentissage.


Author(s):  
Marjory Olivier ◽  
Amandine Mathe ◽  
Thérèse Rivasseau Jonveaux ◽  
Camille Saussac ◽  
Bernard Paternostre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cas A ◽  

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