Effectiveness of trimethylopropane trimethacrylate for the electron-beam-irradiation-induced cross-linking of polylactic acid

2014 ◽  
Vol 319 ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hon-Meng Ng ◽  
Soo-Tueen Bee ◽  
C.T. Ratnam ◽  
Lee Tin Sin ◽  
Yee-Yao Phang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Beam Irradiation

Electron beam irradiation enhanced of Hibiscus cannabinus fiber strengthen polylactic acid composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Tueen Bee ◽  
Lee Tin Sin ◽  
C.T. Ratnam ◽  
R.R.D. Kavee-Raaz ◽  
Tiam-Ting Tee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Beam Irradiation

Modification of Polylactic Acid/ Halloysite Bionanocomposites Using Electron Beam Radiation: Physical, Barrier and Thermal Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Abdulkader M. Alakrach ◽  
Nik Noriman Zulkepli ◽  
Awad A. Al-Rashdi ◽  
Sam Sung Ting ◽  
Rosniza Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Electron Beam Processing ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to develop novel Polylactic acid/ Halloysite (PLA/ HNTs) films which showed better properties when they were used for food packaging. They also displayed better mechanical, barrier, morphological and structural properties when the researchers analysed the impact of the electron beam irradiation on the nanomaterials. They prepared PLA-based nanocomposites containing 5 % w/w of HNTs using the solution casting process. These nanocomposites were further exposed to different ebeam doses (i.e., 0, 20, 40 and 60 kGy). The researchers assessed the effect of the electron beam irradiation on the various properties of the PLA. All the composites showed a homogenous dispersion and distribution of the HNTs in this PLA matrix. Results indicated that the nanocomposites showed better barrier properties in comparison to the neat PLA. Furthermore, the ebeam irradiation could increase the glass-transition temperature and lead to the development of more crosslinks, which increased the degradation temperature and hydrophilicity of the nanocomposites. In this study, the researchers showed that the PLA/HNTs films were effective materials that could be used for the electron beam processing of the pre-packed foods. The best effect was noted for the 20 kGy dosage which was used in the study.

scholarly journals Study on Wear and Morphological Behavior of Electron Beam Dose Irradiated Polyoxymethylene Copolymer (POM-C)

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Md. Shahinur Rahman ◽  
Heon-Ju Lee ◽  
Jong-Keun Yang ◽  
Konstantin Lyakhov ◽  
Muhammad Athar Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Irradiation Condition ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Beam Dose

Polyoxymethylene copolymer (POM-C) is the most prominent engineering thermoplastic consisting of repeating carbon-oxygen bonds in the form of oxymethylene groups (OCH2). It is widely used to make small gear wheels, ball bearings, precision parts, automotive and consumer electronics. In this study, the POM-C round blocks were irradiated with 165 KeV electron beam energy in five doses (100, 200, 300, 500 and 700 kGy) in vacuum condition at room temperature. The wear rate, surface hardness and morphological properties of electron beam dose irradiated POM-C blocks surfaces have been analyzed using pin on disk tribometer, optical microscopy, nano-indenter, Raman spectroscopy, 3D nano surface profiler and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electron beam irradiation transferred the wear phenomena of unirradiated POM-C sample from the abrasive wear (plough and cracks), adhesive wear  (grooving/striation, micropitting) and scraping to mild scraping and striation for the 100 kGy dose irradiated POM-C sample due to cross-linking (macroscopic networks), chemical free radicals formations and partial physical modification (smoothness), which can be concluded from tribometer, optical microscopic, SEM and Raman spectroscopic observations. It also reduced the surface wear rate and average surface roughness with increasing microsurface hardness at threshold value of cross-linking among all unirradiated and others doses irradiated POM-C blocks. The level of tribological (wear and morphology) attribute improvement relies on the electron beam irradiation condition (energy and dose rate) depending on chemical and physical factors of polymeric materials.

The formation of cross-linking networks in a fluorinated polymer composite system by electron beam irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 3159-3170
Author(s):  
Jing Qian ◽  
Chao Fu ◽  
Xuemei Wang ◽  
Weiyan Li ◽  
Huiying Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Composite System ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Fluorinated Polymer

NBR-PANI.DBSA BLENDS: EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Yong
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Good Potential

ABSTRACT The electron beam irradiation technique was successfully used to cross-link poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrile)-polyaniline dodecylbenzenesulfonate [NBR-PAni.DBSA] blends. Significant increase in cross-linking densities of all blends with doses of irradiation (up to 200 kGy) was observed, and a reasonably high cross-linking density level (in the order of 1030 m−3) also was achieved. All electron beam–irradiated NBR-PAni.DBSA blends exhibited good tensile properties (with tensile strength up to ∼20 MPa), with values that are comparable to those of similar blends cross-linked with either conventional sulfur or peroxide techniques. This kind of irradiation-induced cross-linking technique (at doses up to 200 kGy) also did not interrupt the blends' electrical properties after the blends were sufficiently stabilized for at least 24 h. The irradiated NBR-PAni.DBSA blends also possessed good electrical properties, that is, a single conductivity percolation threshold and high conductivities up to the order of 10−2 S.cm−1. All of these findings indicate a good potential for using the electron beam irradiation technique to prepare highly cross-linked, electrically conductive NBR-PAni.DBSA blends.

A study of roles of different valence of copper oxide interaction with electron beam irradiation in polyethylene composite

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 915-937
Author(s):  
Soo-Tueen Bee ◽  
Lee Tin Sin ◽  
CT Ratnam ◽  
Gin-Khuan Chua ◽  
AR Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Loading Level ◽  
Irradiation Dosage ◽  
Ldpe Composites

The aim of this research was to investigate the interaction of electron beam irradiation on the different valence of copper (I) and copper (II) oxides (Cu2O and CuO) added low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. The results showed the increasing of Cu2O loading level in replacing the CuO has significantly reduced the gel content (or degree of cross-linking networks) in LDPE matrix. This is due to the poorer effect of Cu2O in inducing the polymeric free radicals. Meanwhile, the application of low irradiation dosage (≤100 kGy) has significantly increased the crystallite size for crystallite peak (110) of all LDPE composites. However, further increment in irradiation dosages from 100 to 300 kGy has gradually reduced the crystallite size of deflection peak (110). The tensile strength of all LDPE composites was gradually decreased with increasing of Cu2O loading level due to agglomeration of Cu2O and CuO particles in LDPE matrix. In addition, the increasing of irradiation dosages on all Cu2O /CuO added LDPE composites has gradually increased the tensile strength by inducing the formation of the cross-linking networks in LDPE matrix. Nevertheless, the increasing of irradiation dosage has gradually decreased the elongation at break of all Cu2O /CuO added LDPE composites. This is due to the higher degree of cross-linking networks in LDPE matrix could restrict the mobility of LDPE macromolecular chains when subjected to straining stress.

EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM IRRADIATION ON THE STRUCTURE–PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP OF ETHYLENE OCTENE COPOLYMER AND POLYDIMETHYL SILOXANE RUBBER BLENDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmanabhan Ramachandran ◽  
Kinsuk Naskar ◽  
Golok B. Nando
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Physicomechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
Polydimethyl Siloxane ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Ethylene Octene Copolymer ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT The effects of electron beam irradiation on the structure–property relationship of blends can be studied based on ethylene octene copolymer (EOC) and polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) rubber at three different blend ratios prepared with a melt mixing technique. Irradiation with 2.5 MeV electron beam accelerating energy, over a radiation dose varying from 25 to 150 kGy, causes cross-linking in both the EOC and the PDMS phases. However, cross-linking of the EOC phase without affecting the crystallinity of the EOC polymer leads to tremendous improvement in the physicomechanical properties, including the tensile strength, which improves by nearly 35% for 70:30 EOC:PDMS blends. Morphology of the blends before and after irradiation can be analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy and correlated with the physicomechanical properties. The physicomechanical properties of the individual polymer components after irradiation show that radiation cross-linking is more effective for PDMS rubber than it is for EOC. However, at higher radiation doses, chain scissions are possible in both EOC and PDMS rubber, which affect the physicomechanical properties. Through blending and subsequent radiation cross-linking, the maximum degradation temperature of EOC can be increased from 488.6 to 512.8 °C.

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