Effects of high-intensity interval training performed in the morning or evening on 24 h blood glucose profiles

This study was to determine the effects of five-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, blood glucose, and relevant systemic hormones when compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in overweight and obese young women.Methods. Eighteen subjects completed 20 sessions of HIIT or MICT for five weeks. HIIT involved 60 × 8 s cycling at ~90% of peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) interspersed with 12 s recovery, whereas MICT involved 40-minute continuous cycling at 65% ofV˙O2peak.V˙O2peak, body composition, blood glucose, and fasting serum hormones, including leptin, growth hormone, testosterone, cortisol, and fibroblast growth factor 21, were measured before and after training.Results. Both exercise groups achieved significant improvements inV˙O2peak(+7.9% in HIIT versus +11.7% in MICT) and peak power output (+13.8% in HIIT versus +21.9% in MICT) despite no training effects on body composition or the relevant systemic hormones. Blood glucose tended to be decreased after the intervention (p=0.062). The rating of perceived exertion in MICT was higher than that in HIIT (p=0.042).Conclusion. Compared with MICT, short-term HIIT is more time-efficient and is perceived as being easier for improving cardiorespiratory fitness and fasting blood glucose for overweight and obese young women.

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High-intensity interval training improved fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles in type 2 diabetic rats more than endurance training; possible involvement of irisin and betatrophin

Physiology International ◽

10.1556/2060.106.2019.24 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 106 (3) ◽

pp. 213-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

J Amri ◽

M Parastesh ◽

M Sadegh ◽

SA Latifi ◽

M Alaee

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

High Intensity ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Interval Training ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Training Groups ◽

High Intensity Interval

Background and aims In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and endurance training (END) on irisin, betatrophin, insulin, fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations, and lipid profiles in diabetic rats. Methods Twenty-four Wistar rats (weight: 200–250 g) were randomly assigned into four groups as follows: (1) control (Cnt), (2) diabetic (Dibt), (3) diabetic HIIT (Dibt-HIIT), and (4) diabetic END (Dibt-END). For inducing diabetes, after 12 h of food starvation, nicotinamide (120 mg/kg) and streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected. The diabetic training groups received 10 weeks of HIIT or END training following the induction of diabetes. Twenty-four hours following the last training session, blood serum samples were collected for evaluating the concentration of irisin, betatrophin, and insulin hormones through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results FBG and lipid profiles were measured by biochemical kits. A significant increase in the serum concentration of irisin (p < 0.05), betatrophin (p < 0.05), and insulin (p < 0.001) and significant decrease in the FBG (P < 0.01) and lipid profiles (p < 0.01) were observed in the Dibt-HIIT group compared to the Dibt-END group. In addition, irisin revealed a significant positive association with betatrophin and insulin values in diabetic training groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions It seems that HIIT leads to a more extensive improvement in diabetic conditions compared to the END training. Therefore, HIIT appears to be an important time-efficient approach for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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Effects Of Acute Metformin Intake On Physiological Parameters And Performance Before, During And After High-intensity Interval Training Of Swimmers

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34695/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matheus Silva Norberto ◽

TARINE BOTTA DE ARRUDA ◽

VITOR LUIS DE ANDRADE ◽

JONATAS AUGUSTO CURSIOL ◽

GUSTAVO GOMES DE ARAUJO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Lactate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Physiological Parameters ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Peripheral Fatigue ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Abstract BACKGROUND: Metformin has shown potential to improve metabolic efficiency in short-intense efforts, prolonged-continuous efforts and recovery after supramaximal effort (i.e., phosphocreatine resynthesis). Metformin administration may be beneficial for high-intensity interval training session. The aim of the present study was to investigate the acute metformin administration effects on performance, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate, blood glucose and neuromuscular parameters related to a swimming series of high-intensity.METHODS: A double-blind, cross-over, randomized and placebo-controlled study was carried out. Seven healthy swimmers ingested MET (500mg) or placebo capsule on different days and performed a typical glycolytic session of high-intensity (i.e., lactate production objective). Bout time, RPE, neuromuscular parameters, blood lactate and glucose were analyzed. Cohen’s d analysis with inference based on magnitude was adopted (confidence interval set at 90%).RESULTS: There was an improvement in the performance of the second effort (72/28/0). Blood glucose during the series presented possible effects for decrease (96/3/1, 78/21/0, 93/6/1 after the 4th, 6th and 8th effort respectively) followed by a possible increase effect at the end of the series (1/6/93).Blood lactate showed a similar behavior of a possible decrease during the series (94/5/1, 60/40/0, 90/9/1 after the 4th, 6th and 8th effort respectively), followed by a possible increase effect at the end of the series (1/5/94). It was evidenced a possible increase effect on voluntary activation for lower limbs (91/8/1) without characterization of central and peripheral fatigue.CONCLUSION: Metformin alters physiological parameters during and after maximal intermittent efforts in swimming without enhancement on performance.

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Short-Term, Equipment-Free High Intensity Interval Training Elicits Significant Improvements in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Irrespective of Supervision in Early Adulthood

Frontiers in Sports and Active Living ◽

10.3389/fspor.2021.697518 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Tanvir S. Sian ◽

Thomas Inns ◽

Amanda Gates ◽

Brett Doleman ◽

Nima Gharahdaghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

High Intensity ◽

Plasma Insulin ◽

Interval Training ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Control Group ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Introduction: Serious health implications from having low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and being overweight in young adulthood are carried forward into later life. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-effective, potent stimulus for improving CRF and indices of cardiometabolic health. To date, few studies have investigated the use of equipment-free HIIT or the impact of supervision for improving CRF via HIIT.Methods: Thirty healthy young adults (18–30 y) were randomised to 4 weeks (12 sessions) equipment-free, bodyweight based supervised laboratory HIIT (L-HIIT), unsupervised home HIIT (H-HIIT) or no-intervention (CON). Utilised exercises were star jumps, squats and standing sprints. Measurements of CRF (anaerobic threshold (AT) and VO2peak), blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), blood glucose and plasma insulin by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and muscle architecture were performed at baseline and after the intervention.Results: When compared to the control group, both HIIT protocols improved CRF (AT: L-HIIT mean difference compared to the control group (MD) +2.1 (95% CI: 0.34–4.03) ml/kg/min; p = 0.02; H-HIIT MD +3.01 (1.17–4.85) ml/kg/min; p = 0.002), VO2peak: L-HIIT (MD +2.94 (0.64–5.25) ml/kg/min; p = 0.01; H-HIIT MD +2.55 (0.34–4.76) ml/kg/min; p = 0.03), BMI (L-HIIT MD −0.43 (−0.86 to 0.00) kg/m2; p = 0.05; H-HIIT: MD −0.51 (−0.95 to −0.07) kg/m2; p = 0.03) and m. vastus lateralis pennation angle (L-HIIT MD 0.2 (0.13–0.27)°; p < 0.001; H-HIIT MD 0.17 (0.09 to 0.24)°; p < 0.001). There was no significant change in BP, blood glucose or plasma insulin in any of the groups.Conclusions: Four weeks time-efficient, equipment-free, bodyweight-based HIIT is able to elicit improvements in CRF irrespective of supervision status. Unsupervised HIIT may be a useful tool for counteracting the rise of sedentary behaviours and consequent cardiometabolic disorders in young adults.

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The Effect of Low-Volume, High-Intensity Interval Training on Blood Glucose Markers, Anthropometric Measurements, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.1615/critrevphysrehabilmed.2015014122 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 19-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael Curry ◽

Saurabh P Mehta ◽

Justin C. Chaffin ◽

Eric Duran ◽

Brian Washington ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Anthropometric Measurements ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Low Volume ◽

High Intensity Interval

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High intensity interval training program in the aquatic environment (HIITAQ) in obese teens

Journal of Physical Education ◽

10.4025/jphyseduc.v32i1.3238 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 32 ◽

Author(s):

Maria de Fátima Aguiar Lopes ◽

◽

Paulo Cesar Barauce Bento ◽

Neiva Leite ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Training Program ◽

High Intensity ◽

Aquatic Environment ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

The increased prevalence of obesity has compromised the health of Brazilian adolescents. Regular exercise and lifestyle changes are recommended as prevention and treatment. However, there is no consensus on the dose-response of exercise programs. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of a high-intensity interval training program in the aquatic environment (HIITAQ) on physical fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in obese adolescents. The sample consisted of 18 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 years, diagnosed with obesity. Anthropometric variables, physical fitness, blood glucose, and lipid profile were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of training. The program consisted of two sets of 4-8 repetitions lasting 30 seconds (85% -95% of maximum heart rate) for 60 seconds of the active rest interval. After the exercise program, there was a reduction in body mass index z-score, BMIz (p <0.01), reduction of Total Cholesterol, TC (p <0.01), and LDL (p <0.01). There was an increase in basal metabolic rate (p <0.01) and peak VO2 (p <0.01). No differences were observed after training in the percentage of fat, body mass index, BMI, waist/height ratio WHtR, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and HDL-c (p>0,05). The high-intensity training program in the aquatic environment was effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors.

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