Thermal taster status: Temperature modulation of cortical response to sweetness perception

ABSTRACT The concentration of plasma corticosteroids was followed during major surgery and during the infusion of synthetic human ACTH at dose rates varying from 2400 ng to 15 000 ng per hour. The results showed that the time course of plasma corticosteroids during major surgery was intermediate between that obtained during the infusion of 7500 and 15 000 ng synthetic human ACTH per hour. This gives an estimated ACTH secretion rate during major surgery of between 7500 ng and 15 000 ng per hour.

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A COMPARISON OF PLASMA 17-HYDROXYCORTICOSTEROID LEVELS WITH THE URINARY EXCRETION OF 17-KETOGENIC STEROIDS AND 17-KETOSTEROIDS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.xxxiv0524 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol XXXIV (IV) ◽

pp. 524-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Per Lingjoerde ◽

Knut Kirkeby ◽

Gunnar Hangård

Keyword(s):

Urinary Excretion ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Cortical Response ◽

Intermediate Position ◽

Urinary Concentration ◽

Chronic Polyarthritis ◽

Intramuscular Injections ◽

Long Acting

ABSTRACT Plasma 17-OHCS and urinary excretion of 17-KGS and 17-KS have been compared in 24 patients with chronic polyarthritis, who had been treated for years with corticosteroids. All medication was discontinued 3 days before this investigation. To test the adrenal cortical response the patients were given intramuscular injections of 40 IU of a long-acting ACTH preparation twice daily on 6 consecutive days. Plasma 17-OHCS were determined at 8 a. m. before the first ACTH injection and 3 hours after the injection on the first and sixth treatment days. The urinary concentration of 17-KGS and 17-KS were measured in 24 hour samples on the control day, and on the first and sixth days of treatment. The results show a greater variation in the 17-KS groups than in the 17-KGS and 17-OHCS groups, the smallest variation being in the 17-OHCS groups. There is a significant increase in all values after the first ACTH injection and a further significant increase after the sixth injection, but the t-values are much larger in the 17-OHCS groups than in the 17-KS groups, while the 17-KGS groups occupy an intermediate position. The plasma 17-OHCS values correlate better with the urinary 17-KGS than with the 17-KS. The correlation between 17-OHCS and 17-KGS is not very good (P > 0.05). There is a negative correlation between 17-OHCS and 17-KS control values, and the correlation after ACTH is very poor. 17-KGS correlate well with 17-KS (P < 0.01).

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Stress activates the brainstem noradrenergic system via volume transmission to maintain a delayed and prolonged cortical response

Intrinsic Activity ◽

10.25006/ia.7.s1-a1.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (Suppl. 1) ◽

pp. A1.1

Author(s):

Alán Alpár

Keyword(s):

Cortical Response ◽

Noradrenergic System ◽

Volume Transmission

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The Early Evoked Cortical Response To Third-Octave Clicks And Tones

International Journal of Audiology ◽

10.3109/00206097309089322 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 242-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. Zerlin ◽

R. F. Naunton ◽

H. J. Mowary

Keyword(s):

Cortical Response

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Fault Localization and Functional Testing of ICs by Lock-in Thermography

ISTFA 2002: Conference Proceedings from the 28th International Symposium for Testing and Failure Analysis ◽

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2002p0029 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

O. Breitenstein ◽

J.P. Rakotoniaina ◽

F. Altmann ◽

J. Schulz ◽

G. Linse

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Heat Diffusion ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Temperature Modulation ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Ir Camera ◽

Free Running ◽

Lock In

Abstract In this paper new thermographic techniques with significant improved temperature and/or spatial resolution are presented and compared with existing techniques. In infrared (IR) lock-in thermography heat sources in an electronic device are periodically activated electrically, and the surface is imaged by a free-running IR camera. By computer processing and averaging the images over a certain acquisition time, a surface temperature modulation below 100 µK can be resolved. Moreover, the effective spatial resolution is considerably improved compared to stead-state thermal imaging techniques, since the lateral heat diffusion is suppressed in this a.c. technique. However, a serious limitation is that the spatial resolution is limited to about 5 microns due to the IR wavelength range of 3 -5 µm used by the IR camera. Nevertheless, we demonstrate that lock-in thermography reliably allows the detection of defects in ICs if their power exceeds some 10 µW. The imaging can be performed also through the silicon substrate from the backside of the chip. Also the well-known fluorescent microthermal imaging (FMI) technique can be be used in lock-in mode, leading to a temperature resolution in the mK range, but a spatial resolution below 1 micron.

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The Benefits of Physical Activity in Individuals with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Longitudinal Investigation Using fNIRS and Dual-Task Walking

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10040579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 579

Author(s):

Deborah Talamonti ◽

Thomas Vincent ◽

Sarah Fraser ◽

Anil Nigam ◽

Frédéric Lesage ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Older Adults ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Dual Task ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Regular Physical Activity ◽

Cortical Response

Cardiovascular fitness is linked to better executive functions, preserved gait speed, and efficient cortical activity. Older adults with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) typically show poor cognitive performance, low physical fitness, and altered brain functioning compared with healthy individuals. In the current study, the impact of regular physical activity on cognition, locomotion, and brain functions was explored in a cohort of older adults with low or high CVRFs. Cortical activation of the frontal areas was investigated using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) at baseline, at 6 months and at 12 months. Evoked cortical response and behavioral performance were assessed using the dual-task walking paradigm, consisting of three conditions: single cognitive task (2-back task), single walking task (walking), and dual-task (2-back whilst walking). Results show greater task-related cortical response at baseline in individuals with high CVRFs compared to those with low CVRFs. Moreover, participants with high CVRFs benefitted the most from participating in regular physical activity, as their cortical response decreased at the 12-month follow-up and became comparable to that of participants with low CVRFs. These changes were observed in conjunction with improved cognitive performance and stable gait speed throughout the 12-month period in both groups. Our findings provide evidence that participation in regular physical activity may be especially beneficial in individuals with CVRFs by promoting brain and cognitive health, thus potentially contributing to prevention of cognitive decline. Future research may explore whether such effects are maintained in the long-term in order to design ad-hoc interventions in this specific population.

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