Characterization of a collection of plasmid-containing bacteria isolated from an on-farm biopurification system used for pesticide removal

Plasmid ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Carla Martini ◽  
Francisco Javier Albicoro ◽  
Eman Nour ◽  
Andreas Schlüter ◽  
Jan Dirk van Elsas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Biopurification System ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Metagenomic and Metatranscriptomic Analysis Reveals Enrichment for Xenobiotic-Degrading Bacterial Specialists and Xenobiotic-Degrading Genes in a Canadian Prairie Two-Cell Biobed System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N. Russell ◽  
Benjamin J. Perry ◽  
Jordyn Bergsveinson ◽  
Claire N. Freeman ◽  
Claudia Sheedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Use ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Field Season ◽  
On Farm

Biobeds are agriculture-based bioremediation tools used to safely contain and microbially degrade on-farm pesticide waste and rinsate, thereby reducing the negative environmental impacts associated with pesticide use. While these engineered ecosystems demonstrate efficient pesticide removal, their microbiome dynamics remain largely understudied both taxonomically and functionally. As such, further characterization of these parameters may aid in the optimization of biobed management and deployment. This study used metagenomic and metatranscriptomic techniques to characterize the microbial community in a two-cell Canadian biobed system before and after a field season of pesticide application. These culture-independent approaches identified an enrichment of xenobiotic-degrading bacteria, such as Afipia, Sphingopyxis and Pseudomonas, and enrichment and transcription of xenobiotic-degrading genes, such as peroxidases, oxygenases, and hydroxylases, among others; we were able to directly link the transcription of these genes to Pseudomonas, Oligotropha, Mesorhizobium, Rhodopseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas taxa.

scholarly journals Microbiota Characterization of Agricultural Green Waste-Based Suppressive Composts Using Omics and Classic Approaches

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Scotti ◽  
Alex L. Mitchell ◽  
Catello Pane ◽  
Rob D. Finn ◽  
Massimo Zaccardelli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
On Farm

While the control of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi becomes increasingly difficult without using chemicals, concern over the intensive use of pesticides in agriculture is driving more environmentally sound crop protection managements. Among these approaches, the use of compost to suppress fungal diseases could have great potential. In this study, a multidisciplinary approach has been applied to characterize microbiota composition of two on-farm composts and assess their suppress and biostimulant activities. The on-farm composting system used in this study was able to produce two composts characterized by an antagonistic microbiota community able to suppress plant pathogens and biostimulate plant growth. Our results suggest a potential role for Nocardiopsis and Pseudomonas genera in suppression, while Flavobacterium and Streptomyces genera seem to be potentially involved in plant biostimulation. In conclusion, this study combines different techniques to characterize composts, giving a unique overview on the microbial communities and their role in suppressiveness, helping to unravel their complexity.

scholarly journals Nutritional Characterization of Two Rare Landraces of Turnip (Brassica rapa. var. rapa) Tops and Their On-Farm Conservation in Foggia Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3842
Author(s):  
Giulia Conversa ◽  
Corrado Lazzizera ◽  
Anna Bonasia ◽  
Paolo La Rotonda ◽  
Antonio Elia
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
General Context ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Marginal Lands ◽  
On Farm Conservation ◽  
Landscape Units ◽  
On Farm

The study of nutritional properties in landrace products and the general context of its cultivation site are crucial to designing a sustainable on-farm strategy for landrace conservation. The present study describes the main nutritional aspects of two Brassica rapa subspecies rapa landraces collected in Puglia, Italy along with agroecological and socioeconomical traits where they are cultivated. The two B. rapa landraces (‘Cima di rapa dalla testa’ and ‘Cima di rapa antica’) are only found in sites at 700–800 m asl and in two landscape units (the Southern Daunian Mountains (SDM) and the Umbra Forest (UF), respectively) of the Foggia province. These rare landraces were selected by farmers to produce turnip greens/tops from ancient root turnip crops. They are named and consumed by local people in the same way as turnip tops of Brassica rapa subspecies sylvestris (‘Cima di rapa’), which are widely cultivated in Puglia. Compared to the most common ‘Cima di rapa’, the two highlighted landraces have a better nutritional profile linked to an improved content in antioxidant compounds—i.e., vitamin C (458 mg kg−1 FW), total phenols (347 mg ac. gallic equivalent kg−1 FW)—in glucosinolate (741 µmol kg FW−1, in ‘Cima di rapa antica’) and in minerals, such as K. Both landraces are deemed as having a high risk of erosion. Few exemplars are cultivated in marginal lands and urban/peri-urban areas (SDM), or in isolated sites within the UF, which is a special protection zone within Gargano National Park. However, natural, cultural, and recreational tourism are the main economic activities in both landscape units.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Linuron HydrolaselibAGene Pool Size in Response to Linuron Application and Environmental Perturbations in Agricultural Soil and On-Farm Biopurification Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 2783-2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolien Bers ◽  
Kristel Sniegowski ◽  
René De Mot ◽  
Dirk Springael
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Perturbations ◽  
Biopurification System ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Biopurification Systems

ABSTRACTlibA, a gene encoding a novel type of linuron hydrolase, was recently identified in the linuron-mineralizingVariovoraxsp. strain SRS16. In order to assess the contribution oflibAto linuron degradation in environmental settings,libAabundance was monitored in response to the application of linuron and to environmental perturbations in agricultural soil microcosms and microcosms simulating the matrix of on-farm biopurification systems.libAnumbers were measured by real-time PCR and linked to reported data ofVariovoraxcommunity composition and linuron mineralization capacity. In the soil microcosms and one biopurification system setup,libAnumbers responded to the application of linuron and environmental changes in congruency with the modulation of linuron mineralization capacity and the occurrence of a particularVariovoraxphylotype (phylotype A). However, in another biopurification system setup, no such correlations were found. Our data suggest that in the simulated environmental settings, the occurrence oflibAcan be linked to the linuron mineralization capacity and thatlibAis primarily hosted byVariovoraxphylotype A strains. However, the results also suggest that, apart fromlibA, other, as-yet-unknown isofunctional genes play an important role in linuron mineralization in the environment.

scholarly journals On-farm phenotypic characterization of indigenous Tswana sheep population in selected Districts of Southern Botswana

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1268-1280
Author(s):  
Andries Bolowe Monosi ◽  
Thutwa Ketshephaone ◽  
Monametsi Kgwatalala Patrick ◽  
Ineeleng Monau Phetogo ◽  
Malejane Cosmos
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Sheep Population ◽  
On Farm
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