Preparation and characterization of para-tertiary-butylphenol formaldehyde resins using dual catalytic-extraction method

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Linfeng Wang ◽  
Wenshi Ma ◽  
Dingfeng Lei ◽  
Dongqiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Catalytic Extraction

scholarly journals Are streamflow recession characteristics really characteristic?

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 817-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stoelzle ◽  
K. Stahl ◽  
M. Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Model Parameterization ◽  
Recession Curves ◽  
Recession Analysis ◽  
Meso Scale

Abstract. Streamflow recession has been investigated by a variety of methods, often involving the fit of a model to empirical recession plots to parameterize a non-linear storage–outflow relationship based on the dQ/dt−Q method. Such recession analysis methods (RAMs) are used to estimate hydraulic conductivity, storage capacity, or aquifer thickness and to model streamflow recession curves for regionalization and prediction at the catchment scale. Numerous RAMs have been published, but little is known about how comparably the resulting recession models distinguish characteristic catchment behavior. In this study we combined three established recession extraction methods with three different parameter-fitting methods to the power-law storage–outflow model to compare the range of recession characteristics that result from the application of these different RAMs. Resulting recession characteristics including recession time and corresponding storage depletion were evaluated for 20 meso-scale catchments in Germany. We found plausible ranges for model parameterization; however, calculated recession characteristics varied over two orders of magnitude. While recession characteristics of the 20 catchments derived with the different methods correlate strongly, particularly for the RAMs that use the same extraction method, not all rank the catchments consistently, and the differences among some of the methods are larger than among the catchments. To elucidate this variability we discuss the ambiguous roles of recession extraction procedures and the parameterization of the storage–outflow model and the limitations of the presented recession plots. The results suggest strong limitations to the comparability of recession characteristics derived with different methods, not only in the model parameters but also in the relative characterization of different catchments. A multiple-methods approach to investigating streamflow recession characteristics should be considered for applications whenever possible.

Characterization of Soluble Organic Fraction in DPM: Optimization of the Extraction Method

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio de Lucas ◽  
Antonio Durán ◽  
Manuel Carmona ◽  
Magín Lapuerta
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Soluble Organic Fraction

scholarly journals An apoplastic fluid extraction method for the characterization of grapevine leaves proteome and metabolome from a single sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Figueiredo ◽  
Ana Rita Cavaco ◽  
Leonor Guerra‐Guimarães ◽  
Céline Leclercq ◽  
Jenny Renaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Single Sample ◽  
Fluid Extraction ◽  
Grapevine Leaves ◽  
Apoplastic Fluid

The Characterization of Bovine Bone-Derived Hydroxyapatite Isolated Using Novel Non-Hazardous Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Aniek Setiya Budiatin ◽  
Samirah ◽  
Maria Apriliani Gani ◽  
Wenny Putri Nilamsari ◽  
Chrismawan Ardianto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Bovine bone is a considerable source for the production of hydroxyapatite. The recent study reported a novel method to extract hydroxyapatite from bovine bone without producing hazardous residue. The bovine bones were cut and boiled in the opened chamber followed by boiling in pressurized tank. The bones were then soaked into 95% ethanol. Calcination was then conducted in 800°C, 900°C and 1,000°C, for 2 hours. The result was then grinded and sieved. The powder then was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) to measure the purity of hydroxyapatite. It is concluded that the hydroxyapatite derived from this process showed 100% purity, resulting 35.34 ± 0.39% w/w from the wet bone weight and 72.3% w/w from the dried weight. The present extraction method has been proven to yield high amount of pure hydroxyapatite as well as reducing the use of hazardous reagent.

Characterization of rice starch and protein obtained by a fast alkaline extraction method

2016 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiana de Souza ◽  
Arthur Francisco Sbardelotto ◽  
Denize Righetto Ziegler ◽  
Ligia Damasceno Ferreira Marczak ◽  
Isabel Cristina Tessaro
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Rice Starch ◽  
Alkaline Extraction

scholarly journals MOLECULAR MARKERS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF GRAPE CULTIVARS II

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 660f-660
Author(s):  
Y. Gogorcena ◽  
S. Arulsekar ◽  
D.E. Parfitt
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Rapd Makers ◽  
Grape Cultivars

The work reported here is an extension of studies reported in 1990. The general objective was to develop molecular markers for genotype `fingerprinting', with specific reference to possible clonal differences among `Pinot noir' clones. Leaf DNA from 8 cultivars and 9 `Pinot noir' clones were isolated. RFLP and RAPD markers were identified and used to characterize the genotypes. 65 32-P labelled cloned probes were constructed with the pUC18 plasmid and Hind-III digested `Pinot noir' DNA. The probes were tested for their ability to discriminate among the 8 cultivars. 3 probes pGAD10, pGAD15, and pGAD44 showed polymorphisms among the cultivars. pGAD15 was most useful, with 5 polymorphisms for the 8 cultivars. RAPD makers were also tested for `fingerprinting'. Several primers were tested and polymorphisms were identified among cultivars. However, significant problems with repeatability for some bands were observed. Therefore, a series of experiments were conducted to test the effect of season and extraction method. These factors did not account for the inconsistancy which seemed to be more a function of the primer used. None of these studies showed clear evidence that the `Pinot noir' clones tested were geetically different.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characterization of the pulp of different varieties of avocado targeting oil extraction potential

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edinéia Dotti Mooz ◽  
Natália Moreno Gaiano ◽  
Marilis Yoshie Hayashi Shimano ◽  
Rodrigo Dantas Amancio ◽  
Marta Helena Fillet Spoto
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Organic Solvent Extraction ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Solvent Extraction Method ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of avocado pulp of four different varieties (Avocado, Guatemala, Dickinson, and Butter pear) and to identify which has the greatest potential for oil extraction. Fresh avocado pulp was characterized by moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates and energy contents were determined. The carotenoids and chlorophyll contents were determined by the organic solvent extraction method. The results showed significant differences in the composition of the fruit when varieties are compared. However, the striking feature in all varieties is high lipid content; Avocado and Dickinson are the most suitable varieties for oil extraction, taking into account moisture content and the levels of lipids in the pulp. Moreover, it could be said that the variety Dickinson is the most affected by the parameters evaluated in terms of overall quality. Chlorophyll and carotenoids, fat-soluble pigments, showed a negative correlation with respect to lipids since it could be related to its function in the fruit. The varieties Avocado and Dickinson are an alternative to oil extraction having great commercial potential to be exploited thus avoiding waste and increasing farmers’ income.

scholarly journals MODIFICATED EXTRACTION AND PURITY TEST OF ARENGA PINNATA GUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Jamaran Kaban ◽  
Julia Reveny ◽  
Juliati Tarigan ◽  
Nilsya Febrika Zebua
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Purity Test ◽  
Modification Method ◽  
Centrifugation Method ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Scanning Electron

Objective: The purpose of this study is modificated extraction method to obtain gum from Arenga pinnata Merr. and their purity test.Methods: Gum has been extracted from palm seed using distilled water by centrifugation and warming. Characterization of gum was done by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersivse X-ray and spectrophotometer infrared. Gum refluxed with HCl 2 N for 14 h would be the monomer. Galactose and mannose were used as standard. Purity test was done by the thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and Luff Schoorl method.Results: The study results obtained that the modification methods (4.8%) and centrifugation (4.6%). Identification of functional groups with the spectrophotometer infrared provided the same spectrum forms between the two methods. Purity test by TLC with the best eluen butanol: ethanol:water 2:2:2. Luff Schoorl’s method gives results of 87.46%, whereas the raw comparison galactose-mannose standard 96.69%.Conclusions: The modification method gives more results with the same purity rate as the centrifugation method.

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