Can foreign direct investment help Poland catch up with the EU?

2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzenna Anna Weresa
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Diffusion Of Technology ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Innovative Potential ◽  
Technology Industries ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Innovation Processes ◽  
The Eu

The paper examines the extent to which the inflow off oreign direct investment (FDI) helps Poland to catch up with the EU. FDI can facilitate the process of catching up mainly through transfer and diffusion of technology, which leads to upgrading oftechnological and innovative potential ofa host country. The paper is aimed at assessing whether FDI is correlated with the innovation processes in different branches ofthe Polish industry. A regression analysis conducted in this paper has confirmed that, except for low-technology industries, FDI impacts Poland’s innovation efforts and thus helps Poland to catch up with the EU.

The Geography of Invention in High- and Low-Technology Industries: Evidence from the Second Industrial Revolution

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
DHANOOS SUTTHIPHISAL
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Geographic Disparities ◽  
Geographic Space ◽  
Diffusion Of Technology ◽  
Rapid Generation ◽  
Technology Industries ◽  
And Diffusion

Technological progress has long been widely recognized as a crucial source of economic growth. Many countries have, accordingly, devoted considerable resources to promote more rapid generation and diffusion of technology in their economies. Yet recent studies reveal a persistence of stark contrasts across countries and geographic space more generally, not only in productivity, but also in the generation of new technological knowledge. What accounts for these geographic disparities is not well understood.

Neuere Entwicklungen in der Konvergenzdiskussion – Die EU-Kohäsionspolitik aus theoretischer Perspektive

1999 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid-Marina Lohrmann
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Diffusion Of Technology ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
New Growth Theory ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
And Diffusion

AbstractConvergence is a fundamental objective of the European Union, which should be achieved by structural, regional and so-called cohesion funds. It is defined as a process of countries to grow more alike. In the neoclassical view, convergence is attained automatically by factor mobility or, alternatively, by free trade. The theory of factor proportions predicts the equalization of factor prices. Also the catching-up hypothesis points out the path of convergence between unequal trade partners through imitation and diffusion of technology, which leads to an increase of productivity. But the New Growth Theory depicts another scenario: Advanced nations will have a continous advantage, because learning-by-doing and accumulation of human capital will lead to advantages of technology and of higher productivity. Additionally, regional economics support the assumption of agglomeration advantages. Convergence policy now tries to influence the development process by a transfer of payments in order to avoid negative backwash effects in underdeveloped regions. But the success of such policies is doubtful. If the reasons for growth deficits are not identified, convergence policy may only cause additional economic distortions.

scholarly journals Effects of cancer screening restart strategies after COVID-19 disruption

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 1516-1523
Author(s):  
Lindy M. Kregting ◽  
Sylvia Kaljouw ◽  
Lucie de Jonge ◽  
Erik E. L. Jansen ◽  
Elleke F. P. Peterse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Screening ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cancer Specific Mortality ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Microsimulation Models ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Many breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening programmes were disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the effects of five restart strategies after the disruption on required screening capacity and cancer burden. Methods Microsimulation models simulated five restart strategies for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer screening. The models estimated required screening capacity, cancer incidence, and cancer-specific mortality after a disruption of 6 months. The restart strategies varied in whether screens were caught up or not and, if so, immediately or delayed, and whether the upper age limit was increased. Results The disruption in screening programmes without catch-up of missed screens led to an increase of 2.0, 0.3, and 2.5 cancer deaths per 100 000 individuals in 10 years in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer, respectively. Immediately catching-up missed screens minimised the impact of the disruption but required a surge in screening capacity. Delaying screening, but still offering all screening rounds gave the best balance between required capacity, incidence, and mortality. Conclusions Strategies with the smallest loss in health effects were also the most burdensome for the screening organisations. Which strategy is preferred depends on the organisation and available capacity in a country.

scholarly journals Competitiveness as the Ability to Adjust: the EU–10 Exports Structure and Its Convergence to the German Pattern

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Czarny ◽  
Małgorzata Żmuda
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Standard International Trade Classification ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
The Eu

Competitiveness of a nation is associated with a set of characteristics that enable structural adjustment to global technological trends, and as a consequence, a rise in the living standard of its citizens. For catching-up economies, GDP convergence towards the most developed economies, constituting their developmental goal, relies upon its ability to shift production and exports structure towards specialization based on knowledge and innovation. Thus, in this paper, competitiveness is evaluated through structural adjustments of exports, and for catching-up economies (the EU–10 states) it may be understood as the ability to close the structural gap to the most developed countries (here: the strongest EU member economy: Germany). We analyse the evolution of the EU–10 nations’ exports specialization in the years 2000 and 2014, checking whether the convergence towards the German exports pattern can be observed, and which of the analysed economies shows the best ability to shift its exports structure towards high-tech specialization. We look additionally at exports structures in 2004 (the year of EU-accession of eight out of 10 countries in the sample) and in 2009 (world trade collapse during the economic crisis). The analysis is based on the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) concept by Balassa (1965). We use the UN Trade Statistics data in the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC), Rev. 4. Commodity groups are classified following the methodology developed by Wysokińska (1997, p. 18).

OPINION 2/15 OF THE CJEU: DELINEATING THE SCOPE OF THE NEW EU COMPETENCE IN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Rumiana Yotova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
The Eu

ON 16 May 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) delivered its Opinion 2/15 concerning the competence of the EU to conclude the Free Trade Agreement with Singapore (EUSFTA) (ECLI:EU:C:2017:376). The Opinion was requested by the Commission which argued, with the support of the European Parliament (EP), that the EU had exclusive competence to conclude the EUSFTA. The Council and 25 of the Member States countered that the EUSFTA should be concluded as a mixed agreement – that is, by the EU and each of its members – because some of its provisions fell under the shared competence of the organisation or the competence of the Member States alone.

scholarly journals The Attitudes of the European Union and China Towards Foreign Direct Investment: Implications for Bilateral Relations

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Janina Witkowska
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Member States ◽  
Independent State ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
New Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The aim of this paper is to discuss new trends that have occurred in the policies of the EU and China towards foreign direct investment (FDI), to examine some implications of the EU‑China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI) – which is currently being negotiated – for their bilateral relations, and to assess the role which China’s “One Belt One Road’ (OBOR) initiative might play in its relations with the new EU Member States. The EU established freedom of capital movement with third countries; however, the introduction of the common investment policy has encountered some obstacles. These are related to investor protection and ISDS issues. In turn, China is carrying out an independent state policy towards foreign investment with limited liberalization of FDI flows. The negotiated EU‑China CAI is expected to create conditions conducive to bilateral foreign investment flows, and it might bring positive effects for their economies in the future. However, the progress made thus far in the negotiations is still limited. The relations between China and the new EU Member states (CEE countries) are characterized by common interests in the field of FDI flows. The new EU countries are interested in attracting Chinese FDI and seem not to show the fears that have arisen in the old EU countries.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND EU ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Olefir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
European Standards ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The benefits and costs of the implementation of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) between Ukraine and the EU have been studied. The study aimed to find out to what extent the implementation of DCFTA has helped increase exports and attract foreign direct investment into Ukraine’s economy. A comparison method was used to conduct the study. The period of implementation of the DCFTA (2016-2020) was compared with the period before the implementation of the DCFTA (2010- 2014). Due to trade liberalization, exports of Ukrainian goods to the EU and imports of goods from the EU to Ukraine have increased. Trade liberalization has not contributed to further attracting foreign direct investment from the EU to Ukraine’s economy. The urgent task of the Government of Ukraine is to create a business regulatory environment according to European standards and protect foreign investment.

scholarly journals The evidence of personal computer waste quantity in the territory of Serbia -statistical estimation

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (169) ◽  
pp. 127-142
Author(s):  
Branko Tadic ◽  
Ratko Mitrovic ◽  
Danijela Tadic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Estimation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Electronic Equipment ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Communication Technique ◽  
Art Research ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
The Eu

In recent years, the state-of-the-art research has been dealing with putting into traffic, withdrawing and freeing the environment from electrical and electronic equipment waste-WEEE. In our country there has been no serious research so far concerning this problem, although current and future members of the European Union (EU) are obligated to conduct WEEE directive based on individual responsibility of each "waste manufacturer". The Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection of Serbia has accepted the financing of scientific research project called "The development of electrical and electronic equipment recycling system". In this paper, statistical estimation method of quantity and diffusion of computer waste (which according to the EU classification, belongs to the third category WEEE-devices for computer and communication technique) in the territory of Serbia is described. The implications of the problem on our country are also presented.

scholarly journals Catching up, falling behind: the need to build upgrading coalitions for innovation and inclusive development in South Africa

Nova Economia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (spe) ◽  
pp. 1115-1144
Author(s):  
Glenda Kruss
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Open Debate ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Middle Income Trap ◽  
Income Concentration

Abstract Through analysis of the South African case, a country stalled in a middle income trap, the paper aims to add to the literature on catch-up. It uses Albuquerque’s (2019) model of the vicious cycles arising from inequality and income concentration, together with the notion of ‘upgrading coalitions’ (Doner and Schneider 2016) required to challenge these vicious cycles, to analyse the persistence of lock-ins. It then analyses a global astronomy project, a ‘window of opportunity’ building on historically grown capabilities, promoted by ‘upgrading coalitions’ operating in the national interest. In contrast, it proposes a ‘detour’ to build domestic capabilities, driven by an upgrading coalition centred on local economic development and livelihoods in the informal economy. The paper aims to reinforce the evidence on how inequality is both a cause and consequence of a middle income trap, and open debate on how upgrading coalitions may be a critical strategy for breaking lock-ins.

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