Wheat (Triticum sativum L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in
Egypt. Insect pests, such as aphids, are major threats in terms of yield
reduction. Induced resistance in wheat using salicylic acid as a foliar
application was tested on the farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal
University during 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons. Three wheat cultivars,
Gemeza 9, Sakha 93 and Giza 168, were sprayed three times with two
concentrations of salicylic acid (SA), 200 mg/l and 100 mg/l, after early
detection of aphid infestation by infrared thermal imaging. The infrared
thermal imaging technique is based on significant differences in surface
temperature between infested and healthy leaves. Imaging data are digital,
and a computer program can be used to detect infestation rapidly. The results
showed that aphid infestation raised the temperature of infested leaves,
compared to healthy leaves. The range temperature difference between maximum
and minimum temperatures (At) was 1.1 ?C in healthy leaves and 3.9 ?C in
infected leaves. The results of SA application showed significant differences
in the mean number of aphids and in reduction of infestation among treatments
and cultivars. The higher of the two SA rates (200 mg/l) gave higher efficacy
in the three cultivars than the lower rate (100 mg/l) over the five weeks of
trial. The highest efficacy against aphids was reached one week after
application (86.28% for Giza, 85.89% for Gemesa and 70.54% for Sakha).
Moreover, SA treatment enhanced the wheat yield of all three cultivars,
compared with control plants. The three cultivars (Giza, Gemesa and Sakha)
produced higher yields than the control when sprayed with 200 mg/l SA. Their
grain yield was 2,491.5, 2,455.0, and 2,327.25 kg/feddan (1 fed = 0.42 ha),
respectively. In conclusion, infrared thermal imaging can be employed in
identification of infected leaves. Also, the application of SA on wheat
induced plant resistance to aphids.
Detection of Defects in Kenaf/Epoxy using Infrared Thermal Imaging Technique
