scholarly journals Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) eggs and free range housing: A convenient alternative to laying hens’ eggs in terms of food safety?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Krunt ◽  
Lukáš Zita ◽  
Adam Kraus ◽  
Monika Okrouhlá ◽  
Darina Chodová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Numida Meleagris

scholarly journals The Influence of Housing for Laying Hens on the Economics of Egg Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Ondrašovičová ◽  
Katarína Veszelits Laktičová ◽  
Mária Vargová ◽  
František Zigo
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Industry Sustainability

The poultry sector plays an important role in animal production in terms of maintaining a stable production of healthy food for the population. With regard to the egg industry, sustainability refers to the treatment of laying hens and especially the systems used for hen housing. The conditions of welfare and housing of laying hens in the production of table eggs are currently of interest to most egg sellers as well as consumers as they directly affect the economy of their production and their price. At present, consumers have a choice of four types of eggs on the shelves. They can come from the cage, litter, free-range or organic farming. Each farm has well-defined rules that it must follow. Customers are increasingly interested in where and under what circumstances are produced the eggs which they bring home from the store. In addition to price, customers look for a story behind the package and make their decisions accordingly. Although recognizing that issues such as environmental consequences, food safety, and humane treatment of hens are also important, this article focuses on the relationships between hen housing and economy and market eggs production.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum in Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris) in the State of Rondônia, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brunas Bastos Boroviec ◽  
Paulo Henrique Gilio Gasparotto ◽  
Jeronimo Vieira Dantas Filho ◽  
Renato Mesquita Peixoto ◽  
Geysa Almeida Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
The State ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Heterakis Gallinarum ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Amazonian Region

Background: Parasitic diseases are among the problems that most affect birds. The Ascaridia spp. is one of the genera which is responsible for the main infections, and the Ascaridia. galli is the most frequent species found in birds. The Ascaridia spp. egg is oval and present a smooth shell which could be mistaken with the Heterakis gallinarum eggs, once they are the most frequent parasites in birds. Therefore, this case report describes the occurrence of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum in a guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) feces and gut.Case: In January 2017, rain season in northern Brazil, a visit was performed to a free range avian breeding property in the municipality of São Miguel do Guaporé in the state of Rondônia, Brazilian Amazonian Region. The property breeds two chicken species: Gallus gallus domesticus and Numida meleagris as well as one quail species. The problem was related to the guinea fowl breeding which was composed by 50 adults and 45 young birds about two or three weeks old. All 45 young guinea fowl were presenting various clinical signs, which included: yellowish catarrhal diarrhea, isolation, loss of appetite, body weight, ruffled feathers, drooping wings and sternal prominence. All animals that presented the clinical signs as ruffled feathers, drooping wings and sternal prominence died on an average of 24 h and the mortality was of 65.9% (29/45). Subsequently, a three-week old bird corpse was necropsied, and it was observed that its intestines presented a large amount of endoparasites besides presenting thickening. As there were a lot of helminths, they were collected along with the intestinal content for examination. The parasitological examinations of the feces were performed by Willys Molay's technique. As a result of the fluctuation technique, were observed and identified large quantities of Heterakis gallinarum and Ascaridia galli eggs. The adult worms of H. gallinarum and A. galli were identified using dichotomous key.Discussion: Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum infection were reported in guinea fowl in a free range chicken breeding property in the municipality of São Miguel do Guaporé in the state of Rondônia, Brazilian Amazonian Region. Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum eggs have already been identified in free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) by flotation techniques, as Willys Mollay and Faust and they are the main species of helminths housed by chickens. However, these parasites are not commonly reported in guinea fowl worldwide, especially in the Numida meleagris species. Regarding necropsy, intestinal wall thickening is generally a common finding which has been reported in chickens, however it is not commonly reported in guinea fowl. Additionally, the presence of clinical signs of nematode parasitosis frequently occurs in birds with high parasitic load. In this report, we believe that the guinea fowls births on the rain season was one of the factors to the high parasites incidence found, since both nematodes species are frequently identified in the rain seasons. Additionally, the management adopted by the breeder, using concomitantly the same nursery for guinea fowl and chicken, added up to inadequate sanitary management, seems to have directly influenced the contamination and recontamination of the different brood litter of guinea fowls. It is concluded that guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) located in the state of Rondônia were affected by high amounts of Ascaridia galli and Heterakis gallinarum and caused high mortality in the young specimens and consequently causing economic losses to the proprietary.

The meat quality of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris L., 1766) and its variation under refrigeration storage

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Zabiiakin ◽  
◽  
T.V. Zabiiakina ◽  
A.L. Kropotova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Refrigeration Storage

scholarly journals Genomic analyses unveil helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) domestication in West Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Kuan Shen ◽  
Min-Sheng Peng ◽  
Adeniyi C Adeola ◽  
Ling Kui ◽  
Shengchang Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Chromatin Interaction ◽  
De Novo Genome Assembly ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Genomic Analyses ◽  
Related Wild Species ◽  
Wild Progenitors

Abstract Domestication of the helmeted guinea fowl (HGF; Numida meleagris) in Africa remains elusive. Here we report a high-quality de novo genome assembly for domestic HGF generated by long and short-reads sequencing together with optical and chromatin interaction mapping. Using this assembly as the reference, we performed population genomic analyses for newly sequenced whole-genomes for 129 birds from Africa, Asia, and Europe, including domestic animals (n = 89), wild progenitors (n = 34), and their closely related wild species (n = 6). Our results reveal domestication of HGF in West Africa around 1,300-5,500 years ago. Scanning for selective signals characterized the functional genes in behavior and locomotion changes involved in domestication of HGF. The pleiotropy and linkage in genes affecting plumage color and fertility were revealed in the recent breeding of Italian domestic HGF. In addition to presenting a missing piece to the jigsaw puzzle of domestication in poultry, our study provides valuable genetic resources for researchers and breeders to improve production in this species.

Studies on Eimeria grenieri in the guinea fowl (Numida meleagris)

Parasitology ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Long ◽  
B. J. Millard
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Numida Meleagris ◽  
Pathogenic Effects

SummaryEimeria grenieri was isolated from intensively reared guinea fowl in Britain. The oocysts had average dimensions of 21·09 × 15·48 μm and a small micropyle. Three generations of schizonts were found in the small intestine. The first mature schizonts were found in the upper intestine 30 h after inoculation. Second-generation schizonts were seen 48–80 h and third-generation schizonts were present 80–96 h after inoculation. These schizonts were found in the middle and lower small intestine. It was confirmed that gametogony of this species occurs only in the caeca. The pre-patent time was 112 h and the reproductive index from a dose of 6 × 102 oocysts was 8 × 104. Doses of between 1 × 104 and 1 × 106 caused severe depression of body weight gain. Immunity to re-infection developed rapidly. Sulphaquinoxaline at a dose of 0·04% in the drinking water given after inoculation was effective in reducing the pathogenic effects of the disease. Robenidine given in the food at a concentration of 16·5 ppm (50% of the recommended concentration for chickens) was effective in preventing disease caused by E. grenieri.The endogenous life-cycle of E. grenieri was completed in the chorioallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos.

Diversity of flaA Genotypes among Campylobacter jejuni Isolated from Six Niche-Market Poultry Species at Farm and Processing

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. VanWORTH ◽  
B. A. McCREA ◽  
K. H. TONOOKA ◽  
C. L. BOGGS ◽  
J. S. SCHRADER
Keyword(s):  
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Guinea Fowl ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Restriction Fragment Length

PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism of the flagellin (flaA) gene in Campylobacter jejuni was used to determine the relationships of isolates collected at the farm and throughout processing for six niche-market poultry species. This study focused on two specialty chicken products, poussin and free range, and four other specialty products, squab, duck, guinea fowl, and quail. Cloacal and carcass samples were collected from three flocks from each of the six niche species. Three processing plants in California participated in a 2-year investigation. A total of 773 isolates from farm, posttransport, and the processing plants were genotyped, yielding a total of 72 distinct flaA profiles for the six commodities. Genetic diversity of C. jejuni at the farm was greatest for ducks with up to 12 distinct flaA types in two flocks and least for squab 1 flaA type between two farms. For two of the guinea fowl flocks, one free-range flock, two squab flocks, and all three poussin flocks, the flaA types recovered at the prepackage station matched those from the farm. Cross-contamination of poultry carcasses was supported by the observation of flaA types during processing that were not present at the farm level. New C. jejuni strains were detected after transport in ducks, guinea fowl, and free-range chickens. Postpicker, postevisceration, and prewash sampling points in the processing plant yield novel isolates. Duck and free-range chickens were the only species for which strains recovered within the processing plant were also found on the final product. Isolates recovered from squab had 56 to 93% similarity based on the flaA types defined by PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism profiles. The 26 duck isolates had genetic similarities that ranged from 20 to 90%. Guinea fowl and free-range chickens each had 40 to 65% similarity between isolates. Poussin isolates were 33 to 55% similar to each other, and quail isolates were 46 to 100% similar. Our results continue to emphasize the need to clean processing equipment and posttransport crates in order to decrease cross contamination between flocks. This study also determined that several strains of C. jejuni had unique flaA types that could only be recovered in their host species.

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