The nexus between economic developmentand pollution in the European Union new member states. The role of renewable energy consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihaela Simionescu
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States

scholarly journals Forecasting of the Share of Renewable Sources in the Total Final Energy Consumption for Selected European Union Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012134
Author(s):  
Anna Manowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Energy Balances

Abstract The development of society requires stable access to electricity at an acceptable price. In order to meet the growing demand in the European Union countries, we are observing a dynamic development of the use of renewable sources in the energy balances of the Member States. The article presents the legal framework resulting from the newly adopted climate strategy, New Green Deal, and the conditions for the development of renewable sources in the process of transforming energy systems. The characteristics of selected energy balances of countries are also presented, which may constitute a knowledge base on the diversity of the Member States in terms of energy resources used, levels of independence and self-sufficiency of raw materials, as well as the levels of current electricity prices. Based on the available statistical data, the Eurostat database presents forecasts of the levels of renewable energy consumption in the 2030 time horizon for selected countries and according to the main types of renewable energy such as wind, solar energy, biofuels, geothermal energy, and hydropower. The statistical analyzes presented in the article are important tools for building a development strategy for the process of integrating energy markets within the European Union. The obtained results of the analyzes constitute a new approach to the study of the diversified energy market in the EU and present potential development scenarios for the surveyed countries.

scholarly journals Types of employment contracts and elasticity of employment in the European Union new member states in 2000–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (328) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski ◽  
Przemysław Włodarczyk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Working Time ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Real Wages ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Member States ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Panel Model

The article is focused on the problem of elasticity of employment in the economies of the European Union new member states in 2000–2014. Special attention is given to the role of types of employment contracts and their influence on the elasticity of employment. Theoretical arguments and empirical observations enable us to formulate hypothesis about a U‑shaped relationship between the share of fixed‑term employment in total employment and elasticity of employment in a given economy. We should also expect increases of price and working time elasticity in response to increases in the share of fixed‑term employment. Results of panel model estimations performed using the data for 13 new European Union member states in 2000–2014 confirm the hypothesis about an impact of share of fixed‑term employment in total employment on the elasticity of employment. In particular, an increase in the number of fixed‑term contracts results in the fall of elasticity of employment with respect to GDP and increase in the elasticity of employment with respect to real wages and working time. There is however no confirmation of the hypothesis concerning a U‑shaped relationship between elasticity of employment with respect to GDP and the share of fixed‑term emplyment.

scholarly journals Linking Public Finances’ Performance to Renewable-Energy Consumption in Emerging Economies of the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6344
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Mihaela Florea ◽  
Roxana Maria Bădîrcea ◽  
Georgeta-Madalina Meghisan-Toma ◽  
Silvia Puiu ◽  
Alina Georgiana Manta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Budget Deficit ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Public Finances

Implementing public policies linked to sustainable development is a global challenge for most countries that focused their efforts on identifying and improving the factors that led to environment degradation. The current paper analyzes the influence of primary indicators of public finances (public debt and budget deficit) on renewable-energy consumption (REN), for the emerging economies within the European Union. The main objective of this research is to understand the implications of fiscal measures on the sustainable development of a country and thus provide directions for stimulating renewable-energy consumption. The research starts with cross-sectional dependence analysis by using the Breusch–Pagan Lagrange multiplier (LM) test that is followed by cointegration relationships among variables by applying two appropriate panel-cointegration tests (Pedroni and Johansen). The research methodology is based on the fully modified ordinary-least-squares (FMOLS) method in order to test the long-run relationships, and on the pairwise Granger causality test in order to identify the direction of causality among variables. Results show unilateral influences from public debt and budget deficit on the analyzed variables, especially on renewable-energy consumption, and a bidirectional causality relationship between budget deficit and trade openness.

scholarly journals How does renewable energy consumption affect economic growth? Evidence from the European Union countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09005
Author(s):  
Natalia Davidson ◽  
Elizaveta Maksimova ◽  
Oleg Mariev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Impact

Research background: Fossil fuels are used at such a high rate that they are currently being depleted. Moreover, they are associated with a greenhouse effect leading to global warming. Meanwhile, green energy is naturally replenished and fosters sustainable development (Nelson and Starcher, 2015). However, the empirical evidence of the impact of green energy on economic growth is controversial (Adewuyi and Awodumi, 2017; Chen et al., 2020; Destek and Aslan, 2017; Zafar et al., 2018). Purpose of the article: This paper analyses the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth in the European Union (EU) countries. This is important in line with the goals of EU to shift towards green energy during the coming years (Directive (EU) 2018/2001). Methods: We use data of the World Bank and Our World in Data over 1990 to 2015 for 28 EU countries. We estimate the impact of renewable energy consumption on the countries’ gross domestic product. The control variables are labor force, research and development, and foreign direct investment. We apply the pooled mean group, mean group, the dynamic fixed effect estimators (Pesaran, 1997; Pesaran et al., 1999), and generalized method of moments (Arellano & Bond, 1991). Findings & Value added: Results show that the renewable energy consumption positively affects economic growth of the EU countries. We contribute by shedding light on the possibility to develop renewable energy, while achieving economic growth. The results have important implications for economic policy.

scholarly journals Use of Renewable Energy Sources in the European Union and the Visegrad Group Countries—Results of Cluster Analysis

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5680
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kacperska ◽  
Katarzyna Łukasiewicz ◽  
Piotr Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
The Eu

Increasing the use of renewable energy sources is one of the strategic objectives of the European Union. In this regard, it seems necessary to answer the question: which of the member countries are the most effective in its implementation? Therefore, the main goal was to distinguish groups of European Union countries, including the Visegrad Group, differing in the use of renewable energy sources in transport, electricity, heating and cooling (based on cluster analysis). All members of the EU were determinedly selected for research on 1 February 2020 (27 countries). The research period embraced the years 2009–2019. The sources of materials were the literature on the topic and data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular, graphical methods and cluster analysis were used in the presentation and analysis of materials. In 2019 wind and hydro power accounted for two-thirds of the total electricity generated from renewable sources. In 2019, renewable energy sources made up 34% of gross electricity consumption in the EU-27. Wind and hydro power accounted for two-thirds of the total electricity generated from renewable sources (35% each). Moreover, it was determined that there were 5 clusters that differed in their use of renewable energy sources. The highest average renewable energy consumption in transport, heating and cooling in 2019 was characterized by a cluster consisting of Sweden and Finland. In contrast, the highest average renewable energy consumption in electricity was characterized by a cluster consisting of countries such as: Austria, Croatia, Denmark, Latvia and Portugal. Finally, in a group that included countries such as Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands and the entire VG (Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia and Poland), renewable energy consumption rates (in transport, electricity, heating and cooling) were lower than the EU average (27 countries).

scholarly journals Measuring Performance in Marketing

Ekonomika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Thomas
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Competitive Pressure ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Member States ◽  
Global Marketing ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Brand Building ◽  
Brand Development

This article draws attention to the importance of the capabilities of the new member states of the European Union and public accountability under increased competitive pressure. Among the topics dicussed in the paper are the role of global marketing players and the concept of measuring marketing, in which three levels of measurement are distinguished. A model is presented in which marketing measures are applied toward measuring and creating value, the main elements of which are brand building and brand development.

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