N-acetylcysteine upregulates superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase genes in cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the chick model

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-230
Author(s):  
Takashi Doi ◽  
Prem Puri ◽  
John Bannigan ◽  
Jennifer Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

scholarly journals A Novel Antioxidant Protects Against Contrast Medium-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Huang ◽  
Yanyan Tang ◽  
Tianjun Liu ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Xueyan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Many studies proposed that oxidative stress and apoptosis are key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). Xylose-pyrogallol conjugate (XP) is an original effective antioxidant that showed decent antioxidant and anti-apoptosis effect before. Thus the therapeutic effect and mechanism of XP in preventing CI-AKI in the short and long term were investigated in this research. Renal function and histological grade were evaluated to determine the severity of renal injury. Kidney samples were then collected for the measurement of oxidative stress markers and the detection of apoptosis. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and western blot of mitochondrial protein were utilized for the analysis of the mitochondrial conditions. The results demonstrated that the CI-AKI rats caused a significant decrease in renal function accompanied by a remarkable increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA), bax, caspase-3, cytochrome c (Cyt C) level, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive apoptotic cells, and damaged mitochondria, while a decline in antioxidase activities and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) expression compared with the control rats. However, when XP (50 or 100 or 200 mg/kg/day) was given orally for consecutive 7 days before CI-AKI modeling, XP (200 mg/kg) showed a better capability to restore renal dysfunction, histopathological appearance, the level of apoptosis, mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and fibrosis generation without interference in computed tomographic imaging. Our study indicated that antioxidant XP played a nephroprotective role probably via antiapoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms. Besides, XP may regulate the mitochondria pathway via decreasing the ratio of bax/bcl-2, inhibiting caspase-3 expression, cytochrome c release, and superoxide dismutase 2 activity. Overall, XP as a high-efficient antioxidant may have the potentials to prevent CI-AKI.

Sirtuin 1 attenuates oxidative stress via upregulation of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase in astrocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 269 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Cheng ◽  
Hideyuki Takeuchi ◽  
Yoshifumi Sonobe ◽  
Shijie Jin ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

scholarly journals FOXO4-dependent upregulation of superoxide dismutase-2 in response to oxidative stress is impaired in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 2928-2941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julieta Araujo ◽  
Peter Breuer ◽  
Susanne Dieringer ◽  
Sybille Krauss ◽  
Stephanie Dorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type ◽  
Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Cocaine: Biomarkers and Possible Beneficial Effects of Modulators of Oxidative Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Graziani ◽  
Paolo Sarti ◽  
Marzia Arese ◽  
Maria Chiara Magnifico ◽  
Aldo Badiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Cocaine Abuse ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Cardiovascular Toxicity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Cocaine abuse has long been known to cause morbidity and mortality due to its cardiovascular toxic effects. The pathogenesis of the cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine use has been largely reviewed, and the most recent data indicate a fundamental role of oxidative stress in cocaine-induced cardiovascular toxicity, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the mechanisms of oxidative stress. The comprehension of the mechanisms involving mitochondrial dysfunction could help in selecting the most appropriate mitochondria injury biological marker, such as superoxide dismutase-2 activity and glutathionylated hemoglobin. The potential use of modulators of oxidative stress (mitoubiquinone, the short-chain quinone idebenone, and allopurinol) in the treatment of cocaine cardiotoxic effects is also suggested to promote further investigations on these potential mitochondria-targeted antioxidant strategies.

scholarly journals Inducible HSP70 regulates superoxide dismutase-2 and mitochondrial oxidative stress in the endothelial cells from developing lungs

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (4) ◽  
pp. L351-L360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeleye J. Afolayan ◽  
Ru-Jeng Teng ◽  
Annie Eis ◽  
Ujala Rana ◽  
Katarzyna A. Broniowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Cellular Respiration ◽  
Relaxation Response ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atp Levels ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD-2) is synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the mitochondrial matrix, where it is activated and functions as the primary antioxidant for cellular respiration. The specific mechanisms that target SOD-2 to the mitochondria remain unclear. We hypothesize that inducible heat shock protein 70 (iHSP70) targets SOD-2 to the mitochondria via a mechanism facilitated by ATP, and this process is impaired in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). We observed that iHSP70 interacts with SOD-2 and targets SOD-2 to the mitochondria. Interruption of iHSP70-SOD-2 interaction with 2-phenylethylenesulfonamide-μ (PFT-μ, a specific inhibitor of substrate binding to iHSP70 COOH terminus) and siRNA-mediated knockdown of iHSP70 expression disrupted SOD-2 transport to mitochondria. Increasing intracellular ATP levels by stimulation of respiration with CaCl2 facilitated the mitochondrial import of SOD-2, increased SOD-2 activity, and decreased the mitochondrial superoxide (O2·−) levels in PPHN pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAEC) by promoting iHSP70-SOD-2 dissociation at the outer mitochondrial membrane. In contrast, oligomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPase, decreased SOD-2 expression and activity and increased O2·− levels in the mitochondria of control PAEC. The basal ATP levels and degree of iHSP70-SOD-2 dissociation were lower in PPHN PAEC and lead to increased SOD-2 degradation in cytosol. In normal pulmonary arteries (PA), PFT-μ impaired the relaxation response of PA rings in response to nitric oxide (NO) donor, S-nitroso- N-acetyl-penicillamine. Pretreatment with Mito-Q, a mitochondrial targeted O2·− scavenger, restored the relaxation response in PA rings pretreated with PFT-μ. Our observations suggest that iHSP70 chaperones SOD-2 to the mitochondria. Impaired SOD-2-iHSP70 dissociation decreases SOD-2 import and contributes to mitochondrial oxidative stress in PPHN.

scholarly journals Protective effect of Rhus coriaria fruit extracts against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in muscle progenitors and zebrafish embryos

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadia Najjar ◽  
Francine Rizk ◽  
Gilles Carnac ◽  
Rim Nassar ◽  
Sara Jabak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Rhus Coriaria ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Background and purpose Oxidative stress is involved in normal and pathological functioning of skeletal muscle. Protection of myoblasts from oxidative stress may improve muscle contraction and delay aging. Here we studied the effect of R. coriaria sumac fruit extract on human myoblasts and zebrafish embryos in conditions of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Study design and Methods Crude ethanolic 70 % extract (CE) and its fractions was obtained from sumac fruits. The composition of sumac ethyl acetate EtOAc fraction was studied by 1H NMR. The viability of human myoblasts treated with CE and the EtOAc fraction was determined by trypan blue exclusion test. Oxidative stress, cell cycle and adhesion were analyzed by flow cytometry and microscopy. Gene expression was analyzed by qPCR. Results The EtOAc fraction (IC50 2.57 μg/mL) had the highest antioxidant activity and exhibited the best protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. It also restored cell adhesion. This effect was mediated by superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase. Pre-treatment of zebrafish embryos with low concentrations of the EtOAc fraction protected them from hydrogen peroxide-induced death in vivo. 1H NMR analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid in this fraction. Conclusion Rhus coriaria extracts inhibited or slowed down the progress of skeletal muscle atrophy by decreasing oxidative stress via superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase-dependent mechanisms.

scholarly journals Controllable oxidative stress and tissue specificity in major tissues during the torpor–arousal cycle in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels

Open Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 180068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhong Wei ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Shenhui Xu ◽  
Xin Peng ◽  
Xia Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Tissue Specificity ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Gpx Activity ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase 2

Mammalian hibernators experience repeated hypoxic ischaemia and reperfusion during the torpor–arousal cycle. We investigated levels of oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and the underlying mechanism in heart, liver, brain and kidney tissue as well as plasma during different periods of hibernation in Daurian ground squirrels ( Spermophilus dauricus ). Our data showed that the levels of hydrogen peroxide significantly increased in the heart and brain during late torpor (LT) compared with levels during the summer active (SA) state. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower during interbout arousal (IBA) and early torpor (ET) than that during SA or pre-hibernation (PRE), and MDA levels in the LT brain were significantly higher than the levels in other states. Superoxide dismutase 2 protein levels increased markedly in the heart throughout the entire torpor–arousal cycle. Catalase expression remained at an elevated level in the liver during the hibernation cycle. Superoxide dismutase 1 and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) expression increased considerably in all tissues during the IBA and ET states. In addition, the activities of the various antioxidant enzymes were higher in all tissues during IBA and ET than during LT; however, GPx activity in plasma decreased significantly during the hibernation season. The expression of p-Nrf2 decreased in all tissue types during IBA, but significantly increased during LT, especially in liver tissue. Interestingly, most changed indicators recovered to SA or PRE levels in post-hibernation (POST). These results suggest that increased reactive oxygen species during LT may activate the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway and may contribute to the decreased MDA levels found during the IBA and ET states, thereby protecting organisms from oxidative damage over the torpor-arousal cycle of hibernation. This is the first report on the remarkable controllability of oxidative stress and tissue specificity in major oxidative tissues of a hibernator.

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